Cao Cao is an outstanding strategist. He is well versed in the art of war. In the war of the late Han Dynasty, he used his tactics to beat others and won many victories. Especially in the battle of Guandu, he defeated Yuan Shao, who was arrogant, and laid the foundation for unifying the north. Cao Cao is good at employing people and recruiting talented people. Anyone who can govern the country and use troops tries his best to snare them. His men are "like a cloud, like advisers", and they are full of talents.
Cao Cao likes literature, and his poems are generous, sad and infectious, and many famous works have been handed down to this day. He, his sons Cao Pi, Cao Zhi and the "seven sons of Jian 'an" made outstanding contributions to the development of literature.
Cao Cao became an outstanding figure in history because of his political foresight. At the time of the chaos in the world at the end of the Han Dynasty, he always claimed to be the Han Dynasty, and insisted on not being the emperor. In his later years, Cao Cao had occupied Kyushu, a thirteen-state city in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the time was ripe for him to claim the title of emperor, but he still carried out the strategy of "serving the heavenly son to make him disobedient". Sun Quan wrote to persuade him to be emperor, and Cao Cao said, "It's my son who wants to get evil in my fire!" " It means that this boy is going to roast me on the fire! Cao Cao never proclaimed himself emperor, not that he didn't want to be emperor, but that he calmly analyzed the situation, took the world as his responsibility, and overcame his personal desires with reason. Cao Cao has always pursued the new moon of the Han Dynasty, avoiding the world falling into chaos again. He once said, "If there is no loneliness in the world, I don't know how many people will be kings." Cao Cao's refusal to proclaim himself emperor is a political strategy, but it is mainly out of his own idealism. He said in "Let the County Understand the Book" that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huan and Jin Wen "were able to serve Zhou Shi with their vast military potential", indicating that "taking big things as small ones" can be described as the ultimate virtue. Cao Cao has a series of ideal figures in his mind, such as Duke Zhou and Guan Zhong. He praised Zhou Wenwang and said, "Zhou Xibochang, with this great virtue. Three points in the world, and there are two. If you contribute, you will not fall. " Cao Cao has a soft spot for Zhou Wenwang, and to a great extent, his achievements are more comparable to those of Zhou Wenwang. However, Zhou Wenwang was beautified as the "King of Virtue" by later Confucianism, but Cao Cao was regarded as a "Han thief". Zhou Yu said Cao Cao: "Although his name is entrusted to Han Xiang, he is actually a Han thief." Zhou Yu is Cao Cao's political enemy, and certainly won't speak well of Cao Cao. From today's point of view, although Cao Cao has many stains, his life, in order to pacify the world, he traveled south and north; Spare no effort to attract talents; For the development of culture, elaborate creation. He is determined to realize his ideal, which fully embodies the feelings of politicians. Cao Cao is always an idealist and has a firm practical spirit.
We should strip away all kinds of distorted words about Cao Cao and restore the real Cao Cao. It can be said that he is a politician who has made great contributions to the history of China and an idealist with a broad mind. In the words of Chen Shou, the author of "The History of the Three Kingdoms", "It can be described as an extraordinary person and a peerless outstanding person."
A statesman, strategist and poet in the Han and Wei Dynasties, with the word Meng De, the fine print A Yun, Pei Guoqiao (now Bo County, Anhui Province), and his father Cao Song, who was the adopted son of Cao Teng, a eunuch, was alert and resourceful since childhood. Cao Cao was fond of wandering around Ren Xia. At the age of 2, he promoted Xiaolian as a lang and awarded a captain in the north of Luoyang. He was strict in law enforcement and did not avoid being powerful. They began to build their own armed forces. Since then, they have been fighting with Tao Qian, Lu Bu and Yuan Shu for years, and their strength has gradually grown. In the first year of Jian 'an (196), they welcomed the Han emperor to Luoyang, and moved the capital to Xuchang at the behest of the emperor. Since then, they have established the political advantage of "relying on the emperor to make princes". In the fifth year of Jian 'an, they defeated Yuan Shao in Guandu War, and then gradually unified the vast areas in the north. It ended the war that lasted for 2 years in the Central Plains. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he worshipped the Prime Minister and marched south to Jingzhou. In Chibi, he was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei, and the tripartite confrontation between the three countries was initially formed. In the 18th year of Jian 'an, he was granted the title of Wei Gong, and in the 21st year, he entered Wang Wei. In the first month of the 25th year, he died of illness in Luoyang. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was revered as Wei Wudi.
Cao Cao was interested in literature, calligraphy and music. Prose is also very distinctive.
There are less than 2 poems written by Cao Cao today, all of which are Yuefu poems. Generally speaking, the contents can be divided into three categories. One is related to current events, the other is mainly about expressing ideals, and the other is poems about immortals.
The works related to current events are "Walking in the Dew", "Walking in the Hao Li" and "Walking in the Cold" The latter one is about the states and counties in Kanto, each with its own ambitions, fighting against each other, and closely following each other in content. The poem describes this historical process in a concise language, so it is praised as "a record of the late Han Dynasty, a true history of poetry" (Zhong Xing's "Ancient Poems Return"). What is particularly valuable is that in the poem "Hao Li Xing", he wrote the vast number of poems in a sympathetic tone. Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles. People are left with a hundred heritages, and people's minds are broken. "A trip to bitter cold" was written in the eleventh year of Jian 'an, describing the coldness, desolation, precipitousness and vivid image of Taihang Mountain area in winter, and at the same time writing out the poet's inner complex feelings. "Walking out of Xiamen" was written in the twelfth year of Jian 'an, when three counties were levied in Wuhuan. The poem includes "Yan" Second, explain "October in winter", third, explain "the cold in the river", and write what you have seen on your way home; Fourth, explain "Although Gui Shou" and write about the ideological activities after winning this important battle. Among them, "Watching the sea" describes the sea scene, "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are surging, and the trip to the sun and the moon is out of it; Westbank > The splendor of the stars and the splendor of the Han Dynasty reflect the poet's broad mind, which embraces the universe and breathes the sun and the moon. With a series of vivid metaphors, "Gui Shushou" expresses the poet's view on life and career: "An old horse is riding on a thousand miles, and a martyr is ambitious in his twilight years". This is the true confession of the poet's lifelong positive and enterprising spirit. The political ideal of the poets in the first two poems, such as "Short Songs" and so on. His idea of a peaceful and prosperous era is the politics of virtuous monarch and good ministers with both Confucianism and Legalism, which is undoubtedly of progressive significance under the realistic background of the great social destruction in the late Han Dynasty. The theme of "Short Songs" is to seek the virtuous, and to express the pursuit with poems such as "The mountains are never too high, the water is never too deep, the duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world is returning to the heart" Autumn Hu Xing, etc. Cao Cao doesn't believe in the alchemist's immortal theory, so he wrote these poems as something else, which can't be regarded as the same as Qin Huang and Han Wu's immortal pursuit. In artistic style, Cao Cao's poems are unpretentious and unpretentious. They win with deep feelings and strong charm. In poetic sentiment, they are characterized by generosity and sadness. They are generous and sad. It is the most typical and prominent. In terms of poetic genre, Cao Cao's Yuefu poems do not copy the conventions of Han Yuefu, but have developed. For example, Lu Lu Xing and Hao Li Xing are all elegies in Han Yuefu, but he used the old topics to express new contents. Cao Cao created the tradition of writing current affairs in Yuefu, which has far-reaching influence. Jian' an writers and many others from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty All of them can be said to be the inheritance and development of this tradition.
Cao Cao's essays are mostly applied characters, which can be roughly divided into three categories: tables, orders and books. His representative works include Please Increase the Table of Guo Jia's Feudal Municipalities, Let the County Make a Self-evident Order, Xiushu with Wang, and Xuanwen in Sacrificing the Old Taiwei Bridge. The same characteristics of these characters are simple and heavy. Analyze the situation at that time, and analyze your own mind. Among them, the words "Let the country have no loneliness, I don't know how many people will be the emperor, and how many people will be the king" are written with great frankness and boldness. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, prose has shown a trend of parallel prose, which gradually appeared at the end of the Han Dynasty. Generally, prose writers began to stress duality and use allusions. However, Cao Cao was unique at that time because of his easy, practical and concise style. Lu Xun once praised Cao Cao as "the founder of transforming articles" (Wei Jin's style and the relationship between articles and medicine and wine).
Cao Cao's achievements in literature are also reflected in his constructive role in Jian 'an literature (see Jian 'an Seven Sons), which can be used in Jian 'an literature. The prosperity under the background of broken society is inseparable from his attention and promotion. When discussing the reasons for the prosperity of Jian 'an literature, Liu Xie once pointed out that "Wei Wu respects the king and loves poetry" ("Wen Xin Diao Long"). In fact, all the main writers in Jian 'an period are closely related to him. Cao Pi and Cao Zhi are his sons, "Seven sons" And their creation was also carried out under the influence of his advocacy. According to the textual research of Yao Zhenzong's Records of the Arts and Literature of the Three Kingdoms in Qing Dynasty, there are more than ten kinds of works, such as the Collection of Emperor Wu of Wei in 3 volumes and the Book of War in 13 volumes. However, many of them have been lost, and the only one who survives today is the Note to Sun Tzu. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Pu compiled 145 poems and articles. In 1959, according to Ding Fubao's edition, Zhonghua Book Company added Sun Zi's Notes, Wei Zhi Wudi's Ji and Cao Cao's Chronicle, and reprinted them as Cao Cao Ji. The notes on Cao Cao's manipulations mainly included Huang Jie's Notes on Wei Wendi Wei Wudi's Poems, published by Beijing University in 1925. It was renamed "Notes on Poems of Wei Wudi and Wei Wendi".
There are too many sons of Cao Cao, which are recorded as follows:
The eldest son is Cao Ang, who died in the war of Wancheng.
The second son is Cao Pi
Cao Ang, whose word is Zi Xiu, the eldest son of Cao Cao, and Wang Feng, who died in the rebellion of Zhang Xiu.
Cao Shuo, Cao Zi, mourned the king.
Cao Chong, the word Cang Shu, Cao Zi, Deng Ai Wang.
Cao Zhi, Cao Zi, King Peng Cheng.
Cao Yu, Cao Zi, General, Prince of Yan.
Cao Lin, Fuck, King Pei Mu.
Cao Gun, a son of a bitch, is less eager to learn, and worships Wang Zhongshan.
Cao da, fuck, pregnant with the king.
Cao Ju, Cao Zi, Fan Yang Min Wang.
Cao Gan, Cao Zi, Zhao Wang.
Cao Shang, Cao Zi, the son of Linyi.
Cao Qin, son of a bitch, just died.
Cao Cheng, Cao Zi, the son of Gu Cheng.
Cao Zheng, Cao Zi, uncle Shao's stepson, and Dai Dai's son.
Cao Jing, the son of Cao Cao, the son of the spirit.
Cao Jun, Cao Zi, Uncle Bin's stepson, Fan Angong.
Cao Ji, Cao Zi, son of Guangzong.
Cao Hui, Cao Zi, uncle Yu Stepson, Dongping Lingwang.
Cao Mao, Cao Zi, King of Laoling.
Cao Zhang, with a word and a word, was a son-fuck. He was not good at shooting at the imperial palace, and his brawn was superior. He rode the general and became the king of the city.
Cao Zhi, Cao Zi, Chen Siwang.
Cao Xiong, Zi Zijian, Cao Zi, Xiao Huaiwang.
Cao Pi, Zi Zihuan, Prince Cao Cao, Emperor Wen.
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