Question 2: Who invented regular script? Regular script is "real script", "official script" or "regular script" The ancient name "Kaili" or "Jinli" was originally made by the people in the Western Han Dynasty. It is considered to be an elegant work, with many traces of official script. Regular script evolved from official script (including official script), which began in the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been popular ever since. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, regular script gradually matured. As for who invented regular script, there is no textual research. Some people say it was Liu Desheng at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, some people say it was Zhong You (the father of the Three Kingdoms Bell Association), some people say it was Zhang Zhi and Mrs. Wei, and some people say it was Wang Cizhong, but most calligraphers in previous dynasties thought that its founder was Wang Cizhong.
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Question 3: When was regular script invented? It evolved very slowly. Seal script-official script-cursive script-running script-regular script-imitation of Song Dynasty. Regular script appeared in Wei and Jin Dynasties and reached its peak in Tang Dynasty by Yan Zhenqing and Liu Zongyuan.
Question 4: Who invented official script, also known as Zuo Shu, Fenshu and Bafen? Because it was popular in the Han Dynasty, it was also called Han Li. It evolved from a round seal to a square-folded stroke, and its shape changed from slender to flat, tightening up and down, stretching left and right, and the pen movement changed from slow to short, showing a lively and diverse atmosphere, which brought great convenience to the writer. Official script is divided into Qin official script and official script. The official script of the Qin Dynasty refers to the official script of the Warring States, the Qin Dynasty and the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. There are different opinions about the origin of ancient plum. According to the information found so far, Li Qin was born in the Warring States period. Judging from the early official script signs on the "wooden slips" unearthed in Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province in the second year of the Warring States Period (309 BC), the complicated strokes of Da Zhuan were damaged, and the shape of the characters changed from rectangular to square or oblate. Although its structure still smells like seal script, the embryonic form of official script has appeared. By the end of the Warring States period, this prototype official script had been widely used. Judging from the Qin bamboo slips unearthed in Yunmeng Shuihudi, Hubei Province in the fifty-first year of Qin Dynasty (256 BC), this kind of font similar to seal script and official script gradually reflects the simplicity and clarity of the font and the lively and standardized lines. The long process from seal script to official script can be seen in a large number of unearthed wooden slips, bamboo slips and silk books from the Warring States to the Qin Dynasty. After Qin Shihuang unified China in 22 1 BC, he took a series of new measures to promote the rule, one of which was Shu. Li Si, the prime minister of the Qin Dynasty, and Zhao Gao, the official secretary of the Warring States, arranged and unified, that is, Xiao Zhuan. Compared with previous scripts, Xiao Zhuan has made a big step forward in lines, structure and font. However, the writing method is still a long circle, and it still does not completely get rid of the pictographic meaning, so the writing speed is slow. At that time, there were many prisons, frequent exchanges between military and political documents and official documents, and it was often necessary to copy a large number of official documents, which made the society at that time urgently need to reform the writing system. As a convenient writing method, official script is widely popular in the lower class. Wei Heng's "Four-body Calligraphy" said: "Since the Qin Dynasty used seal script, many things have been played, and seal script is difficult to achieve. Even if someone is invited to write a book, it is called official script. The scribe is also the winner of the seal. " This is the evidence. Let's not study who is the inventor of official script for the time being, because the generation of a font can never be created by an individual, nor can it be completed in one period. It is gradually formed with the progress of society and the needs of reality. Judging from the development history of Chinese characters for thousands of years, if hieroglyphics to Qin Xiaozhuan are classified as ancient characters, then we classify official scripts and regular scripts that have been used to this day as modern characters. Therefore, official script inherits the rules of seal script, opens the foundation of regular script, and occupies a very important position in the development history of Chinese characters and calligraphy. Its appearance is an extremely important turning point in terms of practicality and artistry, and it is a major change in the evolution of Chinese characters. Because the system in the early Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, writing is no exception, so there is not much difference between the official script in the early Western Han Dynasty and the official script in the Qin Dynasty. It not only has the characteristics of calligraphy in the Qin Dynasty, but also laid the factory foundation for the formation of official script in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and played a role in connecting the past with the future. From the analysis of Mawangdui silk script in Changsha (Figure 2) and Juyan bamboo slips in the Western Han Dynasty (Figure 3), the strokes have been simplified, the flavor of seal script has also decreased, and the fonts tend to be balanced, while the strokes are frustrated, the lines are undulating and the structure is more obvious than that of official script in the Qin Dynasty. Relatively speaking, it reveals the innocence and simplicity of the writer, but the calligraphy skills are not mature enough, so it is not a classic official script. From the mid-Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty, the official script gradually improved. Especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty, because the ruling class adopted some wise policies, the whole society and economy prospered, and so did culture and art. A large number of excellent inscriptions with exquisite skills and distinctive styles appeared, and the official script developed into a formal, artistic and highly aesthetic style. Han Li, as we usually say, mainly refers to the official script on the tablet in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Their characteristics are richer brushwork, echoing the pitch of stippling, ups and downs of brushwork, twists and turns of brushwork, heavy turbidity, light clarity and unevenness of silkworm head and goose tail structure, which is amazing. Various styles, complete statutes, healthy, handsome, chic, elegant, simple, or rigorous, such as bright stars, have reached the peak of art. Inscriptions in the Eastern Han Dynasty, such as Yiying Monument, Ode to Shimen (Figure 4), Book of Rites Monument (Figure 5), Confucius Temple Monument (Figure 6), Huashan Monument (Figure 7), Han Dynasty (Figure 8), Cao Quanbei (Figure 9) and Zhang Qianbei (Figure 9). Calligraphy after Wei and Jin Dynasties is mainly the formation, development and maturity of cursive script, running script and regular script ... >>
Question 5: When and who invented the font of regular script? Song Xuanhe's genealogy: "In the early Han Dynasty, Wang Ci-zhong began to use official script as regular script." People think that regular script evolved from ancient Chinese characters. It is said: "On the tomb of Confucius, a regular script tree planted by Zi Gongzhi has straight and unyielding branches." The strokes of regular script are concise and refreshing, and must be like the branches of regular script trees.
Question 6: Who invented calligraphy? There are five kinds of characters in China: orthography, cursive script, official script, seal script and running script. Each font is named after the calligrapher's surname according to various styles. Such as regular script, European style, strict style, Liu Ti and so on. This is really a corpse in a corpse, which is dizzying! There is a font, but it is not the founder's surname, named after the dynasty name. This is the Song Dynasty. The founder of Songzi is Qin Gui. This Qin Gui has a great knowledge and profound calligraphy attainments. He integrated the strengths of his predecessors, established his own family and created printing fonts. According to the general custom, it should be called Qin Tizi. However, because of his bad character, he was the representative of the capitulators in the struggle against gold. He once killed the national hero Yue Fei and his son on trumped-up charges and became a sinner through the ages. People hated him. Although he used his own font, he named it Songti. It originated in the Song Dynasty, but the Song Style was established in the Ming Dynasty.
Question 7: Who invented the writing brush? The origin of the writing brush: historical records record that "Qin Shihuang ordered Prince Fu Su and Meng Tian to build the Great Wall to defend the northern Xiongnu, and Meng Tian took rabbit hair from the mountain as a pen". The Four Spectrum of Study also records that "Meng Tian used to write a pen, with the extension of wood as the tube, deer hair as the column and rabbit hair as the quilt, which is called one of the pale hairs", and the natural history records that "General Qin Meng Tian took fox hair as the column and rabbit hair as the quilt". The invention of writing brush can be traced back to Yangshao culture period at the end of Neolithic Age. Although there are not enough written records to prove it, the study of the flowers on Yangshao painted pottery unearthed may have been drawn with a tool similar to a brush. Through the study of Oracle bone inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, it can be clearly seen that the edge of the knife-carved Oracle bone inscriptions was first written on it with a brush, and then engraved, indicating that there was a brush in this period. Judging from the glyph, the characters on the bronze wares of the Zhou Dynasty are obviously traces written with a soft pen tip. From the shape and meaning of characters, we know that the writing tool-writing brush-was unearthed in Zuojiagongshan, a suburb of Changsha, Hunan Province in 1954, and there are many ancient writing brushes and related writing utensils. This is the first time that we can imagine the image of the brush before the Han Dynasty, which is really like a big white. The brush in this batch of cultural relics is called "Changsha Pen", which is made of high-grade rabbit hair. Hair length is 2.42 cm, pen tube 16.6 cm. The pen holder is made of fine bamboo. The manufacturing method is to insert the rabbit hair clip into the tube end, tie it with filaments and fix it with paint. This work is quite superb in technology.
Question 8: Who invented regular script? 10 regular script was jointly developed by Lishu and Wei Bei. With the development of history, the writing method of characters has also evolved and gradually formed in the process of actual use. Like many inventions in China, it is impossible to prove who invented them. For example, the invention of paper is thought to be invented by Cai Lun. In fact, paper appeared long before Cai Lun. It was Cai Lun who summarized and improved the paper-making methods that had been circulated among the people for a long time, and formed a set of paper-making mode. Regular script originated in the Western Han Dynasty, but it spread among the people and was not accepted by the government. Then it gradually developed and became the mainstream of writing.
Question 9: Who invented regular script? Regular script is "real script", "official script" or "regular script" The ancient name "Kaili" or "Jinli" was originally made by the people in the Western Han Dynasty. It is considered to be an elegant work, with many traces of official script. Regular script evolved from official script (including official script), which began in the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been popular ever since. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, regular script gradually matured. As for who invented regular script, there is no textual research. Some people say it was Liu Desheng at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, some people say it was Zhong You (the father of the Three Kingdoms Bell Association), some people say it was Zhang Zhi and Mrs. Wei, and some people say it was Wang Cizhong, but most calligraphers in previous dynasties thought that its founder was Wang Cizhong.
Satisfied, please adopt.
Question 10: Who invented italics? Zhongyou