Fuxi, Huangdi, Yandi, Jiang Shang, Zhuge Liang, Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang, etc.
1. Fuxi
Fuxi, the founder of Chinese national humanities, one of the three emperors, and the righteous god who blessed the country together with Nuwa. Chu silk books record him as the creation god, and he is the earliest creation god recorded in literature in China.
The surname Feng is also known as Fuxi, Paoxi, Baoxi, and Fuxi. It is also called Xihuang, Huangxi, and Fuxi in historical records. In later generations, it was merged with gods such as Taihao and Qingdi. , was officially called "Taihao Fuxi" by the imperial court in later generations, and was also said to be the Qing Emperor Taihao Fuxi (ie, the Eastern God).
The son of the Suiren family, he was born in Chengji and his capital was in Chen. The era is about the middle to late Paleolithic Age. Fuxi is the ancient legendary humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation, the earliest king recorded in ancient Chinese books, and one of the originators of Chinese medicine.
2. Emperor Yan
Emperor Yan is the honorific title of the leader of the tribe surnamed Jiang in ancient China. He was also known as the Shennong clan, also known as the Kuei clan, Lianshan clan, Lieshan clan, and other names. Zhu Xiang (there is still controversy, it is also said that the Zhu Xiang tribe had three generations of leaders named Emperor Yan).
It is said that the leader of the tribe named Jiang got the throne because he knew how to use fire, so he was called Emperor Yan. Starting from Shennong, there were nine generations of Emperor Yan in the Jiang surname tribe. Shennong gave birth to Emperor Kui, Kui gave birth to Emperor Cheng, Cheng gave birth to Emperor Ming, Ming gave birth to Emperor Zhi, Zhi gave birth to Emperor Ya, Ya gave birth to Emperor Ai, Ai gave birth to Emperor Ke, and Kesheng Emperor Yuwang passed the throne for 530 years. ?
The era where Emperor Yan lived was the Neolithic Age. There are currently six disputes over the hometown of Emperor Yan, namely: Baoji in Shaanxi, Lianshan in Huitong County in Hunan, Yanling County in Zhuzhou in Hunan, Suizhou in Hubei, and Gaoping in Shanxi , Henan Zhecheng.
The activities of the Yandi tribe were in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in the Jiangshui area (one theory is Qingjiang River in Weibin District, Baoji City today, and the other is Qishui River in Qishan County, Baoji City today). The tribe began to prosper, and its capital was initially set in Chendi, and later moved to Qufu.
According to legend, Emperor Yan was born with the head of an ox. He personally tasted herbs and developed the use of herbal medicine to treat diseases; he invented slash-and-burn farming, created two types of soil-turning tools, and taught people to reclaim wasteland and plant food crops; he also led tribal people to create food crockery and cooking utensils.
3. Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang (181-October 8, 234), courtesy name Kongming, alias Wolong, was born in Yangdu, Langya, Xuzhou (now Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong) , the Prime Minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher, and inventor.
In his early years, he followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to Jingzhou. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong. Later, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times to invite Zhuge Liang, and joined forces with Sun Yat-sen to fight against Cao Cao, and defeated Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi. It formed a tripartite power among the Three Kingdoms and captured Jingzhou.
In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and captured Hanzhong. In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei established the Shu Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed prime minister to preside over the government.
After Liu Chan, the lord of Shu, succeeded to the throne, Zhuge Liang was named the Marquis of Wuxiang and led the pastoral care of Yizhou. Be diligent and prudent, handle all political affairs personally, and strictly enforce rewards and punishments; alliance with Soochow to improve relations with all ethnic groups in the southwest; implement the policy of farming and strengthen war preparations.
The six Northern Expeditions to the Central Plains were mostly spent on food but in vain. He eventually became ill due to overwork and died of illness in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the 12th year of Jianxing Shu (234) at the age of 54.
Liu Chan named him Zhongwuhou, and later generations often called Zhuge Liang the honorific name Wuhou. The Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing because of his military prowess.
Zhuge Liang's representative works of prose include "The Master's Guide" and "The Book of Commandments". He invented the wooden cow and flowing horse, the Kongming lantern, etc., and modified the repeating crossbow, called the Zhuge repeating crossbow, which can fire ten arrows with one crossbow. Zhuge Liang "dedicated his life to death" and was a representative figure of loyal ministers and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.
4. Yue Fei
Yue Fei (March 24, 1103 - January 27, 1142), courtesy name Pengju, was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now Tangyin County, Henan Province) . During the Southern Song Dynasty, he was a famous general, military strategist, strategist, national hero, calligrapher, and poet who fought against the Jin Dynasty. He ranked first among the "Four Generals of the ZTE" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Yue Fei joined the army four times since he was twenty years old. From the second year of Jianyan (1128) when he met Zongze to the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1141), he participated in and directed hundreds of battles, large and small. When the Jin army attacked Jiangnan, it was unique and advocated resisting the Jin army and regaining Jiankang.
In the fourth year of Shaoxing (1134), six counties of Xiangyang were recovered. In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), he led the Northern Expedition and successfully captured Shangzhou, Guozhou and other places.
In the tenth year of Shaoxing (1140), Wanyan Zongbi destroyed the alliance and attacked the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei sent his troops to the Northern Expedition. The people of the two rivers rushed to tell each other, and rebels from all over the country responded one after another to attack the Jin army. The Yuejia Army successively regained Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other places, defeated the Jin army in Yancheng and Yingchang, and marched into Zhuxian Town.
Song Emperor Gaozong Zhao Gou and Prime Minister Qin Hui insisted on seeking peace and urged their teachers with twelve "gold-character plaques". During the peace negotiations between the Song and Jin Dynasties, Yue Fei was falsely accused by Qin Hui, Zhang Jun and others and imprisoned.
In January 1142, he was killed together with his eldest son Yue Yun and general Zhang Xian on trumped-up charges. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty, Zhaoxue was rehabilitated and reburied in Qixialing on the bank of the West Lake. He was posthumously named Wumu, and later Zhongwu, and was granted the title of King of E.
5. Wen Tianxiang
Wen Tianxiang (June 6, 1236 - January 9, 1283), was originally named Yun Sun, also named Song Rui and Lu Shan. The Taoist name is Fuxiu Taoist and Wenshan. A native of Luling, Jizhou, Jiangxi Province (now Futian Town, Qingyuan District, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province), he was a politician, writer, patriotic poet, famous anti-Yuan minister, and national hero in the late Southern Song Dynasty. He was also known as the "Three Heroes of the Late Song Dynasty" together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie. ".
In the fourth year of Baoyou's reign (1256), he ranked first in Jinshi. In the first year of Kaiqing's reign (1259), he was granted the additional title of Chengshi Lang and Signing Letter Ning Haijun, Judge of Jiedu. In April of the sixth year of Xianchun (1270), he served as war inspector and Quanzhi Academy. He was dismissed from office because he drafted an imperial edict that satirized Quan Xiandao.
In the first year of Deyou (1275), the Yuan army marched eastward along the Yangtze River. Wen Tianxiang spent all his wealth on military resources and recruited 50,000 soldiers to defend Lin'an. Xuan served as an envoy for western Zhejiang and Jiangdong and also knew Pingjiang Prefecture. He sent generals to help Changzhou, but because Huai general Zhang Quan failed to save him when he saw the danger, he was defeated and retreated to Yuhang.
Xuan was appointed You Prime Minister and Privy Council Envoy, and was ordered to go to the Yuan army to negotiate peace. He was detained for denounced the Yuan Prime Minister Boyan, and was escorted back on the way north. In May, he met with Zhang Shijie, Minister of Rites Lu Xiufu, and Right Prime Minister Chen Yizhong in Fuzhou to support King Zhao Shi of Yi as emperor, and made a plan to take the sea route north to recover Jiangsu and Zhejiang. However, Chen Yizhong blocked it, so he went to Nanjianzhou (now Nanping, Fujian). Gather troops to resist the Yuan Dynasty.
In May of the second year of Jingyan (1277), he attacked Jiangxi again, but was finally defeated and retreated to Guangdong due to the situation alone. In December of the first year of Xiangxing (1278), he was captured in Wupoling (now Haifeng North, Guangdong). The following year, Zhang Hongfan, the marshal of both the Mongolian and Han armies of the Yuan Dynasty, escorted him to Yashan (today's Xinhui South) and ordered Zhang Shijie to be surrendered. Wen Tianxiang refused and wrote the poem "Crossing the Lingding Ocean" to clarify his ambition. ?
He was later transferred to Dadu (now Beijing) of the Yuan Dynasty. Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, personally persuaded him to surrender and was promised the post of prime minister. Wen Tianxiang was upright and would rather die than surrender. He died in Dadu on the ninth day of December in the nineteenth year of Yuan Dynasty (January 9, 1283). Aged 47.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Fuxi
Baidu Encyclopedia - Emperor Yan
Baidu Encyclopedia - Yue Fei
Baidu Encyclopedia - Wen Tianxiang
p>Baidu Encyclopedia - Zhuge Liang
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