Ou Yangxun 1
Ou Yangxun (557-64 1), a native of Linxiang (now Changsha, Hunan), was a famous calligrapher and official in the Tang Dynasty, and one of the four masters of regular script.
Sun of General Liang Zhengnan in the Southern Dynasties, son of General Ouyang Kun in the Southern Dynasties, was born in Hengzhou (now Hengyang, Hunan) in the second year of Liang Taiping in the Southern Dynasties (AD 557), and his ancestral home was Linxiang in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan).
Ou Yangxun, together with his contemporaries Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Xue Qi, were called the four masters in the early Tang Dynasty. Because his son Ouyang Tong is also good at calligraphy, he is also called "Big Europe".
He and Yu Shinan were both famous for their calligraphy in the early Tang Dynasty, also known as "Ou Yu". Later generations see danger in Chinese books, which is the most convenient for beginners and named "European style".
Representative regular script includes Jiuchenggong Li Quanming, Huangfu Birthday Monument, Huadu Temple Monument, and running script includes Zhong Nimeng's stippling and running script with thousands of characters.
He has his own unique views on calligraphy, including eight methods of calligraphy works, teaching strategies, pen theory and thirty-six methods. The inscriptions on the stupa of Huadu Temple written by Buddhist monks, the tablet of Yu Gong Wen Yanbo, and the tablet of Huangfushengchen? Known as "the first regular script in Tang Dynasty".
2. Yu Shinan
Xue Ji (649-7 13) was born in Fenyin, Zhou Pu (now Wanrong County, Shaanxi Province) (West Branch of Xuejia in Hedong). Tang dynasty ministers, painters and calligraphers.
He used to be assistant minister of Huangmen, assistant worker, prince of Shaobao and minister of rites, and was named Jin Gong. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, Princess Taiping and Dou Huaizhen plotted a coup. Yukime died in prison at the age of 65 because he didn't report it. ?
Master Gong Shu, from Yu Shinan, and Chu Suiliang, Yu Shinan were called four masters in the early Tang Dynasty. Good at painting, good at figures, Buddha statues, trees and stones, flowers and birds, especially good at painting cranes, which can accurately and vividly express the shape and expression of cranes. There are several masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as "The Monument to the Believing Zen Master".
3. Chu Suiliang
Chu Suiliang (596-658 or 659), born in Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), was a politician and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
Chu Suiliang is knowledgeable and proficient in literature and history. Follow Xue Ju at the end of Sui Dynasty and give up others for the overall situation. After submitting to the Tang Dynasty, he served as an admonition officer, assistant minister of Huangmen and minister in charge of government.
In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Sun Chang Wuji was adopted by Emperor Taizong's posthumous edict, and he was promoted to the right servant of Shangshu, making him the Duke of Yuzhou. Later, it was the same State Secretariat. Yonghui was recalled in the third year (652), and served as the official minister, supervising the revision of national history, being the right servant of the official minister and knowing political affairs.
After resolutely opposing the establishment of Wu Zetian, he was demoted to the governor of Tanzhou (now Changsha). After Wu Hou came to power, he was transferred to the governor of Guangxi (now Guilin), and later demoted to Aizhou Secretariat (now Qinghua, Vietnam) and died in office. In the sixth year of Tianbao (747), it was awarded to Gaozong Temple. Posthumous title is "Wen Zhong".
Chu Suiliang is a calligrapher. He studied in Shinan first, and then in Xizhi, the king of France. He, Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan and Xue Qi are also called "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty". His ink handed down from ancient times includes Master Meng's Monument and the preface to the sacred teachings of Yanta.
4. Yukime
Yu Shinan (July 1 1558-638) was born in Yuyao, Yuezhou (now Zhenming Hechang, Guanhaiwei, Cixi City, Zhejiang Province). Calligrapher, writer, poet and politician from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and one of the twenty-four outstanding figures in Lingyange. Son of Li Yu, illegitimate son of Prince Chen, younger brother of Yu Shiqi, assistant minister of literature and history of Sui Dynasty. ?
Yu Shinan is quiet and eager to learn. Chen, two generations of Sui Dynasty, was an official worshiper of a doctor and lived in a shed. After the demise of the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed assistant minister of Huangmen by Dou Jiande.
After the destruction of Dou Jiande, Nan joined the army as Qin, Taishigong and Tingchang, and Fang became one of the "eighteen bachelors".
During the Zhenguan period, he served as a writer, secretary, secretary supervisor and so on, and successively served as the son of Yongxing County and the public of Yongxing County, so he was known as "Yu Yongxing and Yu Secret Supervisor".
Although he looks timid, he is strong-willed, outspoken, and dare to remonstrate, which won the respect of Li Shimin. He is known as "virtue, loyalty, erudition, literature and literature".
In the 12th year of Zhenguan (638), Yu Shinan died at the age of 81. Posthumous title does history, presented "Wen Yi" and was buried in Zhaoling. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), it was painted like Lingyan Pavilion.
Yu Shinan is good at calligraphy, and he is also known as "the four masters in the early Tang Dynasty" with Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Qi. Japanese academic circles called Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Yu Shinan as "three masters in the early Tang Dynasty".
Bei Tang Shu Chao was compiled by Bei Tang Shu Chao, which is considered as one of the four great books in Tang Dynasty and one of the earliest books in China. The original poetry collection has 30 volumes, but it has not been completely lost. In the Republic of China, Zhang Shouyong compiled the four-volume Mi Yu Ji Jian.
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Calligraphy achievements:
Ou Yangxun 1
Ou Yangxun is not only a great calligrapher, but also a calligraphy theorist. He summed up eight methods of practicing and learning Chinese characters in his long-term calligraphy practice.
Ou Yangxun's "Teaching Calligraphy", "On the Use of Calligraphy", "Eight Methods" and "Thirty-six Methods" are all summaries of his own experience in learning calligraphy, which specifically summarize the formal skills and aesthetic requirements of calligraphy, such as the use of calligraphy, structure and composition, and are valuable legacies of calligraphy theory, China.
2. Yu Shinan
Yu Shinan's calligraphy has inherited the tradition of the two kings (Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi), and his brushwork is full of harmony and elegance. Together with Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, they are called the four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty.
Yu Shinan doesn't choose pen and paper to write a book, but pays great attention to sitting posture and wrist movements. He believes that as long as the posture is correct and the wrist is weak, even thick paper and bald pen can be handy and creative.
His works were rare in the Yuan Dynasty. In addition to posts, there are books handed down from ancient times, such as the tablet of Confucius Temple, the theory of breaking evil spirits, and running scripts, such as the epitaph of Princess Runan and the preface to Lanting. One of the Three Prefaces to Imitate the Tang Lanting was handed down as Yu Shinan's ink.
3. Chu Suiliang
The representative works of Chu Suiliang's regular script mainly include A Que Buddhist Shrine Monument, Master Meng Monument, Square Monument, and Preface to the Wild Goose Pagoda. ?
Chu Suiliang studied a variety of fonts and used them comprehensively. According to historical records, he studied Ou Yangxun and Shi Ling first, and then his uncle Yu Shinan. He eventually became the "two kings" (the harmony of Wang Xizhi) and merged with him, so he was called "one of the four regular script writers in the early Tang Dynasty", "Ou, Yu, Chu and Xue" and "Chu Feng". ?
Chu Suiliang's regular script works have two different styles before and after their appearance. In the early stage, the calligraphy styles of Yi Que Buddhist Shrine Monument and Master Meng Monument are almost the same, both of which are used. The brushwork such as pen and hook is tall and straight, but the calligraphy and painting are not obvious, which maintains the calligraphy style characteristics of Europe and Yu.
In style, it absorbs the generous and elegant structural features of Yu Shinan's regular script and the sharp brushwork features of Ou Yangxun's regular script. At the same time, their slender glyphs are compressed.
Chu Suiliang's early works not only retained the influence of the North Monument, but also incorporated a large number of official scripts in brushwork and structure, but did not copy them rigidly, but selectively absorbed innovations and turned them into their own use.
4. Yukime
Yu Shinan and Chu Suiliang, calligraphers in Xue Ji, are Chu Suiliang's favorite students. At that time, people said that "you can learn from Chu without losing your virtue", which shows that he is "sharp and good at imitation".
Cultivating oneself with a pen is exactly what Song Huizong's "thin book" follows. Yukime can draw figures, Buddha statues, trees and stones, flowers and birds, especially cranes.
At that time, he left many paintings in Chang 'an, Luoyang, Sichuan and other places, and the six cranes he created on the screen were also imitated by others. Until the appearance of the Five Dynasties, Xue Ji's painting of cranes was always recognized as a superb skill, but unfortunately, his works did not survive. Calligraphy includes "Nobuyuki Zen Master Tablet".
Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty
Baidu Encyclopedia-Chu Suiliang
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ou Yangxun
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yukime
Baidu encyclopedia-Yu Shinan