The dynasty led by Bao Xi

"It is right for my husband and son to sign and print the words to show his vigilance." This is the basic view of emperor Qianlong on the content of the emperor's seal, and it is actually something that all emperors should take into account when choosing the seal. When the Qing emperors chose the idle seal, they all tried to fully embody their thoughts of governing the country. Although this kind of idle seal does not account for a large proportion of all emperors' treasures, after reading it, we can still feel some traces of the Qing emperor's administrative strategy, which mainly includes the following aspects: First, the ideology of respecting heaven and respecting ancestors. Every emperor in Qing Dynasty had a seal to show respect for heaven and father, such as Emperor Kangxi's seal of "Respect for Heaven and Diligence for the People", Yong Zhengdi's seal of "Respect for Heaven and Father" and Emperor Qianlong's seal of "Respect for Heaven and Father". "Respect for Heaven" means to prove the rationality and sanctity of its rule by the theory of divine right, while "Fazu" maintains the seriousness and legitimacy of its rule, implements its own policies in the name of Fazu, reduces many obstacles in personnel administration, and maintains the continuity and consistency of its ruling policies to a certain extent. By advocating the idea of respecting heaven and ancestors, the national cohesion of Manchu can be enhanced, and then its unique national tradition and purity can be maintained. The second is the strategy of governing the country by being diligent and loving the people. The Qing emperors attached great importance to diligence and love for the people, and regarded it as an important means to govern the country and maintain social stability. The Qing emperor promoted diligence to the height of ancestral law, which became one of his administrative characteristics and an important aspect of the collective character of the Qing emperor. Their treasures and seals often reflect diligence, such as "admonishing in the morning and remonstrating at night" and "being conscientious". Similarly, the idea that the people are the foundation of the country and love the people like children was well reflected and practiced in the Qing Dynasty. The Qing emperor had a lot of discussions on how to be diligent and love the people, and the precious seals such as "respecting the people in heaven" and "educating the people" echoed these words and deeds. The third is the policy of middle road politics. In order to maintain the long-term stability of the ruling situation, the Qing emperor must reconcile the conflicts between Manchu and Han nationalities that may be intensified at any time, grasp the strength of the policy, and consciously take the theory that the Han nationality can generally accept as the ruling basis. Among them, the Confucian doctrine of the mean is widely adopted, and the "middle politics" strategy of "combining leniency with severity" is put forward. In the Qing emperor's leisure chapter, many seals were derived from it, such as "winning the heart of heaven and earth" and "the product of harmony", which reflected the Qing emperor's attention and admiration for the policy of "politics of the middle way". In addition, there are some seals reflecting the political affairs in the special period of the Qing Dynasty, the most typical of which is the seal of "returning to politics and disciplining politics" during the Qianlong period, and the seal of "imperial reward" and "fellowship" during the Xianfeng period. "Returning to politics is still training politics" is a true reflection that after Emperor Qianlong became Emperor Jiaqing, he did not delegate power to politics, but still monopolized the political platform. Before the death of Jehol, Emperor Xianfeng presented the seals of "Imperial Reward" and "Friendship Hall" to Empress Xiaozhen and Emperor Tongzhi respectively, and stipulated that the second seal was the symbol of the imperial edict issued during the auxiliary government period. The ordinary small seals of the two emperors of Xianfeng were later controlled by Cixi and became a tool of her dictatorship. Sandalwood Rare Animals New Zealand "Education Deqin People" Seal

"Educating Deqin people" seal, Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, sandalwood, new local records of rare birds and animals, China seal script. The surface is 1 1cm square, the height is 10.8cm, and the height of the button is 6.2cm Yellow ribbon is attached. Shoushan stone is one of the overall shapes of "the treasure of Yongzheng's life".

"The treasure of Yongzheng's life", Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, Shoushan stone, Niulong seal in seawater, China seal script. The surface is 12.4cm square, the height is 1 1.5cm, and the height of the button is 6cm. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), "On the 23rd day of the first month, the prince made a gift of Shoushan stone and carved a treasure beside it, with an imperial edict:' Treasure of Yongzheng'. I admire that. On February 24th, Shoushan Stone carved a treasure on the side of the dragon in Jiulong Button. After the' Treasure of Yongzheng' was engraved, it was made into a brocade box and presented by Prince Yi. " Shoushan stone is like "the treasure of Yongzheng's respect for relatives"

"The treasure of respecting relatives in Yongzheng", made of Shoushan stone in Yongzheng of Qing Dynasty, lies like new seal and Chinese seal script. The surface is 9.8cm square, the overall height is 9.7cm, and the buckle height is 6.2cm. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), "On August 17th, Prince Yi gave books such as Shoushan Stone to Taiping, and the imperial edict was to engrave' the treasure of Yongzheng'. I admire that. Today, Dr. Baode gave Yuan Jingshao and Teng Jizu two samples of seal script and presented them to the Prince of Iraq. Wang Yu: The three-line style of "A Brief Biography of jing yuan" is allowed, but the strokes overshadow the grass, so it will be carved after cleaning. Follow this. On September 14th, Taiping, there was a book like Shoushan Stone, engraved with the treasure of Yongzheng's respect for relatives, which was given by Prince Yi. One of the full shapes of Shoushan Stone's "Zun Tian Zun Zu" seal.

"Zun Tian Zun Zu" seal, Qing Yongzheng, Shoushan stone, Jilong Niufang seal, seal script. The surface is 6.6cm square, the overall height is 9.5cm, and the button height is 4.5cm. According to the Work Archives of the Qing Palace Office, in the first year of Yongzheng (1723), on the 23rd day of the first month, the Prince of Iraq handed in the book "Dragon Buckle" of Chishou Stone, and the imperial edict was: respect for ancestors. I admire that. On the eighth day of April, on one side of the red Shoushan Stone Dragon Button Book, the words' respect for ancestors' were engraved and made into brocade boxes, which were presented by Prince Yi. "According to this, we know that this treasure was carved in the first year of Yongzheng. This treasure is one of Yong Zhengdi's early important treasures and seals, and it is often printed on his royal calligraphy. Shoushan Stone flying bear New Year Pictures "Do it early and be cautious late" seal is one of the full shapes.

"Chao Gan Xi Di" seal, Qing Yongzheng, Shoushan stone, flying bear Niufang seal, China seal script. The surface is 6 cm square, the height is 7 cm, and the height of the button is 4 cm. This treasure was carved in the first year of Yongzheng (1723). In the first year of Yongzheng, "On the 23rd day of the first month, Prince Yi handed over the Red Shoushan Stone to flying bear, and the book was ordered by the party: flying bear's book was engraved with the words" Early admonition ". On March 13, the red Shoushan stone flew to the bear to buckle the book, inscribed with the words' early warning' ... Prince Yi presented it. " This treasure is an important cultural relic reflecting Yong Zhengdi's diligent thoughts, and it is often printed on his imperial books. This precious flying bear new button is exquisitely carved, which is a masterpiece of Indian new button carving in the early Qing Dynasty. "Conscience" Seal of Shoushan Stone

"Conscientious" seal, Qing Yongzheng, Shoushan stone, double rectangular seal, China seal script. The face is 4.3cm wide, 9.4cm long, 4.5cm high and 1.8cm high. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), "On the 23rd day of the first month, the prince made a donation of red, white and shoushan stones, which was the first. Order: grind off some edges and engrave' conscientious'. I admire that. On the eighth day of April, the red and white Shoushan stone was engraved with the word "wholeheartedly" and made into a brocade box. Prince Yi Xian. " This seal was written by Yong Zhengdi. Shoushan Stone Two Beasts One of the Full Shapes of New Zealand's "Love the Sage and Love the People" Seal

"Love the saints and love the people" seal, Qing Yongzheng, Shoushan stone, double beast new seal, Chinese seal script. The face is 6.6cm square, the overall height is 9.2cm, and the buckle height is 4.5cm. This treasure was carved in the first year of Yongzheng (1723). In the first year of Yongzheng, "On the 23rd day of the first month, Prince Yi handed in a book with a red Shoushan stone and a double buckle. The imperial edict was:' Love the sages and love the people'. On the eighth day of April, the book of Red Shoushan Stone was engraved with the words' Love Sages and Love the People' and made into a brocade box, which was given by Prince Yi. " This treasure is Yong Zhengdi's self-admonition after the emperor. One of the overall shapes of Shoushan Stone "Treasure of Life"

"Qianlong is the treasure of life", Qing Qianlong, Shoushan Stone, New Zealand Fang Seal, China Seal. The surface is 13.3cm square, the height is 13.4cm, and the height of the button is 5cm. This treasure should be dedicated to the imperial edict issued by Emperor Qianlong. It has the same status as the "Twenty-five Treasures" and is one of the higher specifications in the seal of Emperor Qianlong. White jade handed over the dragon new seal of "respecting heaven for the people and being diligent for the people"

"Respect heaven and work hard for the people" seal, clear, dry, long, white jade, cross dragon, new seal, Chinese seal script. The surface is 9.6 cm square, the overall height is 9.2 cm, and the button height is 4.6 cm. With a yellow ribbon. Around the seal, the four-character poem "Respect for Heaven, Diligence for People and Treasure" was carved by Emperor Long. There is a new seal of the animal head of "Bao Cai De" on Shoushan Stone.

"Baoerde" seal, clean, Shoushan stone quality, new seal of lying beast, Chinese seal script. The surface is 4. 1cm square, the overall height is 4.5cm, and the new height is 1.9cm. This seal is used together with "Ganlong Imperial Pen" and "Delinxin" and is above all imperial calligraphy and painting. Emperor Qianlong put this in the seal to show that he is thirsty for talents and he is eager to approach from a distance. Emerald handed the seal of "returning to politics and still practicing politics"

The seal of "Returning to Politics, Still Training Politics" is clear, dry and long, made of sapphire, with the seal of Niulong Fang and the seal of China. The surface is 6.3cm square, the height is 5.6cm, and the button is 2.7cm high with yellow ribbon. Shoushan Stone follows the shape of the new button "Jiaqing Zun Bao Qin".

"Treasure of Jiaqing's respect for relatives", Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, Shoushan stone, new rectangular seal, China seal script. The surface is 9.7 cm long, 9.3 cm wide and 17.8 cm high. "Dear Family Treasure" was generally made shortly after the new emperor ascended the throne, and was used to commend posthumous title or the national emblem. This "treasure of Jiaqing's respect for relatives" was used on the tombstone of Emperor Qianlong's Yuling in the early years of Jiaqing, and it was the earlier party to make the treasure seal of Emperor Jiaqing. This treasure was carved by imperial craftsmen in the imperial palace at least in the 20th year of Qianlong (1755, the year of Yihai), thinking that it was used for birthday celebration. In the early years of Jiaqing, the present seal was engraved, so this treasure shows the carving level of Shoushan stone in the palace during Qianlong. Often fossils carved Yunlong's "only a few, only one health" seal.

The seal of "only counting and only living" is a fossil in Jiaqing, Qing Dynasty, engraved with Yunlong Fang seal and Chinese seal script. The surface is 7. 1cm square and the height is 14cm. Jiaqing takes "only counting and only living" as the key to governing the world, so it should be engraved on the seal and hung in the world, and should firmly abide by the teachings of Canon and Ink. Jade Yunlong new york Seal of "Heart to Heart, Life to Life".

"Heart to heart" seal, Qing Jiaqing, sapphire, Yunlong Niufang seal, China seal script. The surface is 4. 1cm square, the height is 7.3cm, and the height of the button is 3. 1cm. Jade, the animal of Ruining, is the seal of "protecting Thailand and holding profits" in New Zealand.

"Protecting Thailand and benefiting" seal, Qing Jiaqing, sapphire, Swiss beast new gourd seal, Chinese seal script. Its width is 2.4cm, its length is 4. 1cm, its height is 3. 1cm, and its height is 1.9cm. Shoushan stone carving Yunlong "politics and law" seal

The seal of "politics is precious and constant", the light of the Qing Dynasty, the Shoushan stone, the seal of Yunlong pattern, and the seal of Chinese characters. The surface is 4.6 cm square and 9.9 cm high. Shoushan stone carving Ganoderma lucidum grape "Gong Jian Wei De" seal is one of all shapes.

"Gong Jian Wei De" seal, made of Daoguang and Shoushan stone, engraved with a new square seal in the shape of Ganoderma lucidum grapes, Chinese seal script. The surface is 6 cm square and the height is 9.5 cm. This seal is an important object reflecting Daoguang Emperor's frugality thought. Crystal chain bridge buckle "Tongzhi Zun Bao Qin"

"Treasure of Tongzhi and Respect for Relatives", Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, crystal, side seal of serial bridge, seal script of China. The surface is 4.8cm square, the height is 5.2cm, and the button height is 2cm. Emperor Tongzhi Bao Xi. This baby is carved from a piece of crystal, especially the bridge button and chain. It is very difficult to carve and shape, so it is very rare. This treasure was written by the tombstones of Empress Ci 'an, Empress Cixi and Emperor Xianfeng Dingling. Two seals of "Tongzong" and "Imperial Reward"

The seal of "the same clan, the royal reward" is clear and Xianfeng, one set for both parties, and it is packed in a black lacquer box. Among them, "Tongdaotang" seal, Qingtian stone, light element and seal script. The surface is 2 cm square and 8 cm high. "Imperial reward" seal, Tian Huangshi quality, light element, seal script. Its width is 1cm, its length is 2cm and its height is 5cm. These two seals were originally used by Emperor Xianfeng to play games. As a document issued by imperial edict, the Second Seal was used from July 17th, 11th year of Xianfeng to the end of the reign of Tongzhi Emperor in 12th year of Tongzhi (1873). It is the witness of politics in the late Qing Dynasty and has very important historical value.