Can someone compare Zeng Guofan and Tan for me?

Zeng Guofan paid the most attention to ancient prose, poetry and Chinese characters in his life. The "reading method" he taught his son was "reading, writing and doing, which are indispensable every day." The word "writing" means writing. He once commented on himself like this: "Not only ancient prose and poetry, but also both make great efforts to explore"; The word "effort" is the shallowest, and it has been slightly involved in recent years. None of the three has achieved anything, and it is not without sorrow. " In fact, Zeng Guofan, as a scholar-bureaucrat, worked hard for Linchi Han Yan. Needless to say, when I was a teenager, I studied hard. Later, he led troops to be an official and replied to the submission of subordinates in regular script. He wrote tens of millions of words in diaries, letters and manuscripts all his life, and also practiced calligraphy in regular script or running script. Especially in his later years, he regarded calligraphy as an ultimate goal of implicitly expressing his feelings and state of mind. Throughout his life, he put forward many original opinions on the principles and techniques of calligraphy, which played an important role in the history of calligraphy in China. It is a road explored by Zeng Guofan in his calligraphy practice to learn from others. He is a beginner in calligraphy, mainly copying copybooks. He once wrote in his diary: "There are many zero words written at night. Recently, the army has been unprofitable, everything has been abandoned, and calligraphy has improved slightly. About calligraphy, it is nothing more than offering a father and son. If I can't learn from my teacher, I will learn from Ouyang Xinben. If you learn from Ouyang, you will learn from Ouyang. If the teacher can't provide a few things, then the first teacher is Yu Yongxing; If a teacher is in danger, he must learn from Huang Gu first. The two go hand in hand and there must be something in common. " This way of learning calligraphy is exactly what most calligraphers advocate and practice. But in his later years, he reflected on himself many times: "Because he didn't specialize in one family, he didn't achieve anything." It can be seen that Zeng Guofan urged beginners to learn from one family, and then they could learn from others and merge into one family to form their own unique style. Learning to use a pen and learn to tie the knot is a great stunt of Zeng Guofan's exploration of calligraphy. He said: "Generally speaking, the only way to write is to tie the two ends of the body with a pen. To learn to use a pen, you must look at Gu Mo; To learn the structure, you must copy the ancient posts with oil paper. Neither is easy to justify. " How to use a pen? Zeng Guofan said: "You write a book a day. Think about it. It is much used horizontally and much used vertically." Vertical method should be used together, and horizontal method should also be used together; It is also expensive before handsome, and the latter is natural. He also said: "When writing, the pen should be held high, and the one that can be held to the top of the tube is the second, and the one that can be held above the top of the tube can still learn. If you hold it close to the roots, you will soon shrink back and never write well. "What is a knot? Zeng Guofan inherited the knot structure method discussed by the ancients, and combined with his own practice, summed it up as "four methods" He said: "The way to write words is to point like pearls, draw like jade, like an eagle, like a dragon. All four are indispensable. The structure of body and word is also; The potential, quantity and number of lines of opportunities. "Zeng Guofan is also good at using ink and paying attention to the shelf of words while learning to use pens and structures. Throughout all the famous calligraphers in ancient times, he was very particular about the shade and quality of ink, so he earnestly warned his son Ji Ze: "We must pay attention to the color of ink in the future. Since ancient times, all calligraphers are not good at using ink. It can make a bright color float on the paper, which is caused by the diligence and dyeing of the pool. It is also because of the old and new shades of ink color, and the lightness and lightness of ink color are in between, so phosgene can be constantly renewed. " Regarding the spacing between Chinese characters, he believes that "learning Chinese characters should always be based on close spacing." "If you have written it and posted it on the wall, you can read it yourself." He also taught Ji Ze: "I have understood the intention of the ancients to use pens since I was 30 years old, just to avoid shelved work." "I should work hard from shelving in the future. "Zeng Guofan's success in calligraphy is mainly due to his perseverance and perseverance. In his view, if a person wants to write well and become a generation of calligraphy masters, he does not need quick success and instant benefit, but relies on accumulation and perseverance. He practiced calligraphy since he was a child and never stopped practicing until he was old. He said to Ji Hong, "The handwriting I wrote in Beijing 40 years ago didn't have considerable strength and shelf. I feel ashamed and hate myself. "Forty-eight years later, Li Beihai's" Lushan Temple Monument "entered the country slightly, but after eight years, it copied more than a thousand articles. I haven't worked hard for a month now, so I want to trace the miracle. You can't seek fame too quickly, nor can you seek efficiency too quickly. " He also wrote in his diary: "I have been in the army for several years and didn't think much, but I still kept waving my pen every day. In addition to writing and working, I also learned a calligraphy without interruption. " He also warned the children at home: "We must persevere in learning Chinese characters. If you keep posting 100 words every day, you will become a calligrapher in a few years. " He pointed out: when learning calligraphy, to a certain extent, there will be a "sleepy" situation of "the uglier you dig, the lower your interest". If you can "never stop" when you are sleepy, you will make less progress after getting through this level. I was sleepy again when I went in again, and then I was excited again. "Words are like people, words are like people. Calligraphy art can best reflect the author's spiritual quality and personal characteristics. Zeng Guofan's aesthetic view of calligraphy, like his poetic theory, is divided into masculine image and feminine image. He said: "The way to write words is vigorous and graceful. "I am not only a strong disciple of Ouyang Lvgeng, Li Beihai and Huanggu, but also a book for adults." But in comparison, Zeng Guofan doesn't like delicate and feminine words, but prefers Zhang Jing and masculine words. He said: "Ling Du said that' books are expensive and hard' is a theory that will never be published, and Dongpo refuted this." Tan's ci is like his people, he has a strong atmosphere, he is broad-minded and complacent. After Qian Feng in Qing Dynasty, another person wrote Yan Ti. Yan Zhenqing's regular script has been ignored since it was criticized by Min Nangong, and Song Yuanming did not produce a good writer. In the early Qing Dynasty, Dong Qichang's calligraphy was the mainstay. It was not until the advent of Liu Shi 'an, Qian Feng, He, Weng Tonghe and others in the middle of Qing Dynasty that Yan Shu was revived. However, most calligraphers in Qing dynasty still wrote cursive script, and seal script was also quite good, with few regular script. Qian Feng was a famous calligrapher for some time, and he was very interested in learning Yan characters. However, when it is horizontal and vertical, it is hard and not as smart as Lu Gong. Even so, Qian Feng is rare in the regular script circles of his contemporaries and later generations. Regular script can show real kung fu, with a little deviation. At first glance, you can know that no one who has written Yan Ti since the Republic of China is better than Tan. He is especially famous for regular script. Tan spent his whole life basically attacking Yan Shu. Tan's good poetry couplets, broken books and short letters are all extremely exquisite. Calligraphy works have both artistic and cultural values, and most of the domestic folk collections are concentrated in Hunan.