2. The use of parallel sentence patterns adds impetus to the discussion of the article, which is very distinctive.
The theory of cronies is the work of Ouyang Xiu, a writer in the Song Dynasty. This is a short essay written by Ouyang Xiu to Song Renzong in the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (1044), aiming at refuting the attacks of conservatives and discriminating the false accusations of cronies. This paper practices the theoretical proposition of Ouyang Xiu's "Faithfulness, Novelty, Rationality and Language".
Extended data
Comment on the Theory of Partisans
The theory of cronies is one of Ouyang Xiu's masterpieces, one of the masterpieces in the ancient prose movement of "the decline of eight generations", and one of the masterpieces in political essays handed down from generation to generation in Chinese language and literature.
As an ancient literati in China, as far as the "height of the times" he can achieve is concerned, the article should be said to be concise and lively (the full text is about 700 words), well-founded, calm and sharp-tongued, and his argument unshakable. Such an article was in line with the political trend of the "China Tobacco School" at that time, so it was quickly copied in the capital Tokyo.
On the whole, the Song Dynasty had a broad speech path. Renzong Zhao Zhen was a rare kind-hearted monarch in the history of China and a rare wise man in his time. In the end, he used this group of "loyal people" to win decades of relative peace for the poor and weak Song Dynasty.
Baidu encyclopedia-faction theory
2. Choose a Chinese character to write a literary word. Without Chinese characters, we can't read books, newspapers and write compositions. These Chinese characters are tools for us in China to exchange ideas and feelings.
Chinese characters have a history of more than 4,000 years and are the most widely used characters in the world. Although they are just ordinary square characters, when combined together, they become phrases with different meanings, articles with beautiful sentences, poems expressing feelings, and thought-provoking stories ... Look at these words, just like stars flashing on paper, just like flowers.
Every Chinese character is composed of these simple strokes, but it has its own feelings. Look at the word "moon", the outside is light and the inside is tight. It is like a coiled dragon and snake, an upright eagle and falcon. It curls like a crescent moon. Its hook is like a bird with its mouth open; It's crooked and round. If you fly, the whole word adds up, making people fall in love with you at first sight. Look again, the word "Chaoyang" can make you feel a ray of bright sunshine shining on you; "Sunset" seems to see the gorgeous colors in the sky; "Xiang" seems to exude floral fragrance. When you see the word "pull a long face", you will think of a sad face. ...
China's calligraphy is a unique art. Throughout the ages, many famous calligraphers have emerged in China, such as Wang Xizhi, Liu Gongquan and Yan Zhenqing. These Chinese characters are full of infinite charm in their works. All kinds of calligraphy fonts have their own characteristics: seal script and official script give people an antique feeling. Although the cursive script is scrawled, it gives people a feeling of unrestrained. ...
These unique Chinese characters and calligraphy works are the pride of each of us in China. I love you, Chinese characters! I'm proud of you!
3. Write in Wenhai in spring, don't write about scenery, do your best.
In spring, Wenhai's campus is not only full of flowers and birds, but also has two English and American oral English teachers and three professor-level vice presidents, which won more honors.
Wenhai is a red sun in generate; This is a fully loaded ship; Is the temple of knowledge; It is the cradle of college students. In every place and corner of Wenhai, there is a scholarly atmosphere.
Every morning when I walk into the campus, I can hear the sound of reading, which is crisp and pleasant. In the classroom, teachers use their loyalty and enthusiasm for education, their wisdom and efforts to pave the way for cultivating talents, and students can also listen attentively; Have fun in the corridor after class, and meet the daily challenges with a strong body.
Wenhai School has given me endless knowledge and strength. I have changed from an ignorant child to a three-good student today, and every progress is saturated with the efforts of the school. "Make reading a habit, learning a pleasure, and seeking a pleasure" let me know the tricks of learning and find happiness in learning.
I love Wenhai because everything in the school is worth remembering and caring about! I believe that the advancing Wenhai will live up to expectations, just like a bright pearl!
In those quiet ponds, there are always beautiful green shadows-lotus flowers.
Throughout the ages, many poets will appreciate them and add a cuteness to their original beautiful posture. Against the background of Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus, Lotus is even more gentleman. Lotus's "mud-free, clear but not demon, straight and not crawling outside, fragrant and clear, slim and graceful, far away but not ridiculous."
Isn't it a gentleman's character? Don't go along with others, even at that time, only Zhou Dunyi loved lotus, and he was as a gentleman as the lotus in the text. Lotus is not just for viewing. I know how useful lotus is from Aileen.
Lotus is called "spirit root" by Li Shizhen in Compendium of Materia Medica, which can not only stop diarrhea and relieve pain, dissipate blood stasis and promote granulation, but also has many other functions. Even when she is selfless to others, who has paid attention to her dedication to underwater? When the lotus is selflessly dedicated to people, people can only see the immediate interests, but who has paid attention to the pain of lotus struggling to grow but being deprived of food?
Lian, like her mother, is selfless to us. Do you still remember a poem by our predecessors: "Don't be too bitter to give up lotus hearts"? Lotus's heart is bitter, but have you seen through the back of this beautiful lotus and how much pain she has experienced before she can have a beautiful figure?
Isn't that how we work and study? Want to succeed in work and study, can not be separated from the "painstaking" of lotus seeds. Lotus has so many benefits, but the world doesn't like her very much. Everyone who loves her is a gentleman.
I also want to be a gentleman; Experienced the wind and rain like a lotus, it will certainly bloom brilliantly.
5. Ouyang Xiu's Theory of Partisans 1. What is the theme of this article? Open classification of partisans: brief introduction of literary authors Ouyang Xiu (1007~ 1072) was a politician, writer, essayist and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty.
One of the eight masters of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. The word Yong Shu,No. Drunken Weng, No.61 layman (the guest asked: "What is 61?" The layman said, "My family has 10,000 books, including 1,000 epigraphy left over from three generations. I have a piano and a chess game, and I always keep a pot of wine.
"The guest said," it's May 1st. What can I do? " The layman said, "I am not an old man among these five things?" ) posthumous title "Wen Zhong". Ouyang Wenzhong is the author of public collections, and he is from Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Jiangxi).
Ouyang Xiu claimed to be a native of Luling, because Jizhou originally belonged to Luling County. I heard in the article that cronies have existed since ancient times, but fortunately, people can distinguish between gentlemen and villains.
A gentleman and a gentleman are friends of kindred spirits; Villains and villains are like-minded friends. This is natural.
But, I said, a villain has no friends, and a gentleman has friends. What is the reason? It is also profitable to be good to the villain, and the greedy also has money.
When they share the same interests, the temporary party becomes friends, which is also false. And strive for the first place at the sight of profit, or gain at the expense of profit, the thief will do harm, although brothers and relatives can't protect each other.
That's why I'm called a villain without friends. It's false to be friends for the time being. A gentleman is not.
Those who keep it are virtuous, those who do it believe, and those who cherish it are honored. Self-cultivation and self-cultivation benefit the same people; Serving the country is a concentric economy; Always, this friend of the monarch is also.
So, you are a gentleman, but when you retire the villain and support your friends, you can rule the world with the gentleman's true friends. When Yao was a villain, four people were friends, such as Gong and Gui Dou, and the gentleman was a friend of eight yuan and eighteen people.
Shun Zuo Yao abdicated from the friends of the four villains and became friends of Yuan and Kai Junzi, ruling the world by Yao. Shun himself is the son of heaven, while Gao, Kui, Ji and Qi are tied for the DPRK, which is more commensurate with beauty and ceded to each other. Twenty-two people are friends, and if you use them well, the world will be ruled.
"Book" said: "I have hundreds of millions, but my heart has hundreds of millions; Zhou has three thousand, the only heart. "At that time, hundreds of millions of people had different minds, so they were not friends, but wanted to die.
Three thousand people, ministers, are great friends, and Zhou Nai used them to prosper. When the Emperor was offered in the later Han Dynasty, all the celebrities in the world were imprisoned by the Party.
However, the yellow turban insurrectionary thief, the Han rebellion, and the confession in the rear tried to untie the party, but it was hopeless. In the late Tang Dynasty, cronyism gradually rose.
When Zhao Zong was in Zhao's reign, he killed all the celebrities of the dynasty or threw them into the Yellow River, saying, "This generation is clean, but you can throw them into the turbid water." Then don died.
The master of my husband's past life can make everyone disloyal, not friends. Being able to forbid good people to be friends is nothing like offering the emperor to Han; No friend can slaughter a clean stream like Tang Zhaozong. However, they all died in chaos.
Self-doubt makes beauty more suitable, just like Shun's twenty-two ministers, who use it without doubt. However, later generations did not blame Shun for being bullied by twenty-two cronies, but called Shun a wise saint to distinguish gentlemen from villains. In Zhou Wuzhi's world, three thousand ministers of his country were named friends.
Since ancient times, there have been many big friends, such as Zhou. However, those who take advantage of this to make a fortune in a week, although there are many good people, are never tired of it.
Hoo hoo! The trace of the rise and fall of chaos can be learned by anyone who is a king! I heard that the saying about "cronies" has existed since ancient times. I only hope that my husband can identify whether he is a gentleman or a villain. Generally speaking, gentlemen and gentlemen form cronies with the same ideal and goal; Villains and villains form cronies with temporary interests.
This is a natural truth. However, I think villains have no cronies, only gentlemen have them.
What is the reason? The villain likes wealth, and the greedy is goods and wealth. When their interests coincide, they collude with each other for a while and become cronies. Such cronies are hypocritical.
When they compete for profits, or when their friendship becomes more and more distant, they hurt each other, even their brothers and relatives. Therefore, I think that the villain has no cronies, but is a confidant for the time being, which is hypocritical.
A gentleman is not like this. They are based on morality, pursue loyalty and cherish reputation and integrity.
If we use them to cultivate moral character, we will have the same goal and learn from each other. If you use them to serve your country, you can be consistent and consistent. This is a gentleman's confidant. Therefore, to be a king, you should only abolish the false cronies of villains and appoint the true cronies of gentlemen. Only in this way can we rule the world.
In Yao's era, four villains, namely * * * Gong and Xiang Dou, were lineages, while a gentleman had eighteen people, namely, eight yuan and eight kai * * *. Shun assisted Yao, abandoned the cronies of the four evil villains, and used the cronies of the gentleman of eight yuan and eight yuan to rule the world.
When Shun became the Emperor himself, 22 people, including Kui, Hou Ji and Qi, tied for the imperial court, offering beauty and modesty to each other. * * * Twenty-two people were a confidant, and Shun appointed them one by one, and the world was rectified. The history book says: "There are hundreds of millions of ministers and hundreds of millions of hearts; Zhou Chenyou's 3,000 is just a heart. "
At that time, hundreds of millions of people had different hearts, so they were not cronies, but they died because of it. Three thousand courtiers are forming a big group, but Zhou is revitalizing.
When the Emperor was offered in the Eastern Han Dynasty, all the celebrities in the world were imprisoned as party member. It was not until the rise of the Yellow Scarf Army and the chaos in the Han Dynasty that they repented and released all party member, but the situation was irreversible. In the late Tang Dynasty, cronyism gradually rose. When he arrived in Zhaozong, he killed all the celebrities of the dynasty, and some of them were thrown into the Yellow River, saying that "these people claim to be innocent, so they can throw them into turbid water (to make them turbid)".
However, the Tang Dynasty also perished. Those monarchs of the previous generation can make people have different opinions and do not form cronies. Nothing can prohibit and cut off good people from becoming cronies, only Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty; Nothing can kill a clean clique like the Tang Zhaozong era.
However, they all caused confusion and made them perish. Moreover, no more people praised each other than Shun's 22 ministers, recommended humility without self-doubt, and Shun did not doubt them and appointed them all.
However, later generations did not ridicule Shun for being deceived by a clique of 22 people, but praised Shun as a wise saint because he could distinguish between a gentleman and a villain. In Zhou Wuwang's time, 3,000 courtiers in his country were elected to form a clique. From ancient times to the present, the number and scale of cronies are nothing more than Zhou, but Zhou has been revitalized. That's because even though there are many excellent people, they always feel that they are not enough.
Alas, these historical records of the rise and fall of chaos, indeed.
6. Write a composition for a distant friend:
Hello!
Although we are far apart, we live together in the big family of the motherland and feel the warmth of our mother. As soon as I think about this, I can't help but want to write you a letter.
Although we have never met, I would like to dedicate a sincere and eager heart to you-a friend from afar. My name is Lin Haitao. I am 1 1 years old this year. I am a lively girl. Black hair, sparkling eyes, slender eyebrows, 5 compositions for distant friends and 5 compositions for distant friends. I don't think all this will make us feel strange from the same root. What about you? Maybe it's a girl who doesn't know how to worry like me. Maybe you are a naughty boy. Anyway, you and I are both from China, with yellow skin and black hair. Friends from afar, let's build a bridge of friendship together!
Friends far away, you know? With the smooth progress of reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in the motherland, and my hometown has become more beautiful and rich! High-rise buildings, layered, straight into the sky, cement roads, criss-crossing, extending in all directions, showing a thriving scene everywhere. How about coming to my hometown sometime?
And my school, very beautiful! Those tall trees guard our campus like sanitation. Many flowers are planted on the campus, including chrysanthemums, winter jasmine, lilies and roses ... which makes our campus very beautifully decorated, as if we were living in a garden.
If you come to my school, how about I be your tour guide? How are your school grades recently? What games do you and your classmates often play? Could you tell me? I also hope that we can write letters often, which will not only enhance our friendship, but also improve our writing level! May I make friends with you through this letter, and may our friendship last forever!
hope
Progress in study and good health.
Your strange distant friend: XXX