Lu Guangzhao (19 14-200 1), born in Jixian county (now Weihui city),/kloc-0 graduated from Beiping National Art College in 1937. He has served as editor of People's Fine Arts Publishing House, honorary president of Beijing Qi Baishi Art Correspondence College, honorary president of Beijing Flower and Bird Painting Research Association, and librarian of Central Literature and History Museum. He studied under Mr. Qi Baishi and is one of the four schools in Beijing. Gongda freehand brushwork flowers and birds, as well as seal cutting calligraphy. Huge works are exhibited in the Great Hall of the People, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Tiananmen Gate, Zhongnanhai and Xinhua News Agency. His works "Exhibition", "Song Ying" and "Rooster with Rooster" were presented as national gifts to former Japanese Prime Minister Nakasone Yasuhiro, Junshu Haibei and former Irish President hillier respectively. Masterpieces: Exhibition, Song Ying and Cockcomb.
Chinese name: Lu Guangzhao.
Nationality: People's Republic of China (PRC).
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Weihui City, Henan Province
Date of birth: 19 14.
Date of death: 200 1 year
Occupation: painter
Graduation school: Beiping National Art Institute.
Masterpieces: Exhibition, Song Ying and Cockcomb.
artistic career
From 65438 to 0932, Lu Guangzhao graduated from Henan Fifth Normal School and worked as a primary school teacher in the countryside for one year. 1934 was admitted to the Chinese Painting Department of the National Beiping Art College, where he studied under Qi Baishi, Huang. Won the appreciation of the old man Baishi, and wrote the inscription "Brother Guang painted this thick leaf, which means Dongpo, the dragon of the same door" (title). I also sent a piece of paper that said, "My sage has surpassed me", which is a prize. 1937 graduated from this school. At that time, at the prompt of the old man Baishi, he personally selected the representative works of Lu Guangzhao and two old friends, Xie Bing _ and Rhoda, and published The Collection of Three Friends. The old man Baishi also prefaced and engraved them, praising them for their "thoughtlessness and mutual study, so their paintings can transcend the common customs." That is, the leaves are big and the branches are thick, all of which are painstakingly managed. After three years of success, I advised him to try to print a collection and ask people. "
After the July 7th Incident, Beiping fell and Lu Guangzhao returned to his hometown. At the end of the year, he joined the 59th Army led by Zhang Zizhong as a propagandist. Participated in the battles of Linyi, Taierzhuang, Xuzhou, Huangchuan and Kuaihuopu with the troops. Due to the need of work, the position has changed several times, from propagandist to art officer, and he is also the propaganda captain and the deputy head of the anti-enemy troupe. He once wrote one-act plays such as Cold Clothes and Qing Xiang, which premiered in the anti-Japanese front. /kloc-in the summer of 0/940, Zhang Zizhong bid and was martyred in Kuaihuopu (at that time, Zhang Zizhong was the commander-in-chief of the 33rd Army, and the troupe was under the general command. Due to the change of the situation, Lu left the army to engage in education in 194 1. He has taught music and art in Chengdu Sichuan Provincial Institute of Technology, Guanghan Women's Teachers College, Chengdu Women's Middle School, Rongchang No.15 National Middle School, Rongchang Women's Middle School, Chongqing Kerry Middle School, Baxian Women's Middle School and the Children's Middle School of the 25th Military Factory. 100 In the summer of 1944, more than100 amateur Chinese painting exhibitions were held in the former site of the Sino-Soviet Cultural Association. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/946, I went to Beiping to teach in the Chinese Painting Department of National Beiping Art College. On the eve of the liberation of Beiping, Li Yi went to Zhangjiakou Chameng Normal School to teach. After the liberation of Zhangjiakou, he was transferred to the advanced class of the Revolutionary Cadre School in Chahar Province, and was sent to teach among female teachers in Zhangjiakou after graduation. Then he was transferred to People's Fine Arts Publishing House as an editor for 25 years, and successively edited classical art theory and picture books. 1975 After retiring in August, he devoted himself to the creation of Chinese paintings. 1982 participated in the revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang and was a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee. 198865438+February was appointed as a librarian in central research institute of culture and history.
employment rate
Lu Guangzhao is a member of China Artists Association, president of Qi Baishi Art Research Association, honorary president of Qi Baishi Art Correspondence College, vice president of Zhongshan Painting and Calligraphy Society, honorary president of Beijing Flower and Bird Painting Research Association, director of China Old Age Painting and Calligraphy Research Association, distinguished professor of China Painting and Calligraphy Correspondence University, and consultant of some art research institutes inside and outside Beijing. Often invited to teach for art colleges, correspondence schools of painting and calligraphy, and art research institutions. He is also a director of the China-Japan Friendship Association, a judge of the Japan International Art Association, and a winner of the Fuji Fine Arts Gold Award in Japan.
achievements of art
Lu Guangzhao's 60-year artistic exploration and painstaking cultivation have absorbed the essence of "Qi School" freehand brushwork, absorbed the brush and ink essence of Ren Bonian, Wu Changshuo and Xu Gu, enriched and developed the "Qi School" art, and created a unique artistic path different from that of his predecessors, thus making him one of the representative figures of freehand brushwork in flower and bird painting in China today, and more worthy of the praise given by the old man Baishi that "my sage has surpassed me". His artistic style is unconventional and his taste is high. What he emphasized was artistry and creativity, not similarity, but spiritual description and inner charm. Putting pen to paper is as heavy as Mount Tai, vigorous as Gu Zhuo, with vivid modeling, simple and bright colors and strong contrast effect, reaching the artistic realm of "truth, goodness and beauty". His works are often published in various picture books, newspapers and magazines. He has held solo exhibitions in Beijing and other large and medium-sized cities, and participated in many joint exhibitions of famous paintings and overseas exhibitions. He painted large flowers and birds for Zhongnanhai, Great Hall of the People, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Tiananmen Gate and Xinhua News Agency. His paintings are exhibited or collected in many hotels, halls, museums and memorial halls inside and outside Beijing. He also volunteered to donate paintings to the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Memorial Hall of Lugouqiao, the Great Wall Restoration, the Disabled People's Foundation and the Asian Games to show his sincere love for the motherland. His works "Exhibition", "Song Ying" and "Cock in a Comb" were presented as national gifts to former Japanese Prime Minister Nakasone Yasuhiro, former Irish President Patrick Hilleary and former Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki. 1985 in April, China painter visited Japan on behalf of a friendly delegation, and he served as the deputy head.
Art monograph
UNESCO compiled a list of famous painters in China, and the Ministry of Culture recommended him to be selected. Many dictionaries such as China Dictionary of Contemporary Painters and China Dictionary of Famous Artists also list his words. Lu Guangzhao's monographs include Collection of Works of Qi Baishi (divided into three volumes: painting, poetry and calligraphy seal cutting), Collection of Paintings of Song People, Outline of China Art History and Collection of Chinese Paintings. , are huge. Editor-in-chief: Selected Modern Flower and Bird Paintings, Stories of Painters in Past Dynasties, Three Friends, Lu Guangzhao Paintings, Lu Guangzhao Paintings, Recent Works by Lu Guangzhao and Cheng Liying, etc.
Lu Guangzhao talks about painting records.
Perseverance, if you don't advance, you will retreat —— Mr. Lu Guangzhao's record of painting
( 1)
At 3 o'clock on September 30th, 1992, I came to Mr. Yin Shoushi's house with six Chinese paintings. After a while, veteran Yin took me to visit my husband.
"Lu's hometown is just ahead, and it is also a second-floor unit. It's the same as my family, except that their family has made the middle two-bedroom studio, and the west unit requires one room and one living room. " Yin Lao said as he walked to Lu's hometown.
When he came to Mr. Lu Guangzhao's house, Lu Lao took Yin Lao's hand and gave up his seat. Just sit down, Yin Lao pointed at me and said to Lu Lao, "I brought you a young friend today. His name is Wang Zhixue. He works in the Municipal Economic Commission and paints in an amateur style, so I brought him here. Please give some advice. " I quickly stood up and said apologetically, "Sorry to bother you." Lu Laodao: "Don't mention it, Yin Lao's people are not outsiders, ok! Look at the painting first. "
I opened the auspicious year first, and Lao Lu sat there and looked at it and said, "You have great courage and good pen and ink. Ok, look at the next one. " I opened the chicken and Lingxiao again. Lu Lao said: "The camphor tree is painted like this, but the branches are so well painted that they look like branches. The leaves at the top of Lingxiao are ok, but the leaves at the bottom do not conform to the growth law. It doesn't matter, but it must be reasonable. I speak straight, don't care too much, don't lose confidence. " Lao Lu said and looked at me.
At this time, Mrs. Lu and the painter came in from the bedroom, shook hands with us and said, "Sorry, my head is still a little dizzy and I can't get up at once." All right, keep talking about painting. "
I opened the banana bug again, and Lao Lu said happily, "This is good and tastes good. Of the first three paintings, this one is good. Small paper with big chapter. Stones can be used as fields, but these two birds are a little small. Two birds should be the theme and the others should be guests. You can't reverse the subject and object. "
Mrs. Lu said, "Good painting. How old are you? " "32 years old."
I said. Yin Lao said: "I have great courage to learn painting, and I dare to write." It's not easy for him to paint in a small room and have a baby. "
Lu Lao said: "Only by struggling in adversity can we achieve great things. Don't be tempted by some colorful paintings that can be sold for money. Go your own way and let future generations judge your painting. Now some people give gifts to experts and brag about themselves just to be famous. I have been looking for it, and I don't know it after a while. "
I opened another picture of a chicken. Lao Lu looked at it and said, "This one is better than the first two, but there are some problems with the brains of the first two chickens. You should draw more bamboo in the future, not just bamboo. You see the bamboo painted by Qi Baishi and Wu Changshuo is different from the real one, but it looks very comfortable. Freehand brushwork can't make you look like a real thing, it's worse than a photo. Literati painting needs extensive knowledge to pursue taste and increase more knowledge outside painting. "
The last painting is "Ink Grapes". Lao Lu pointed to the lower part of the painting and said, "This part is wonderful. Yin Lao said: "I think this part is also well painted. These two leaves are well used in pen and ink. Lao Lu and I always agree. " Both Lu Lao and Yin Lao laughed happily.
Lu Lao pointed to the "ink grape" and continued: "You can draw it like this. I can see that your thinking is right. Painting must first have good character, and painting without good character will not be good. Remember that painting grapes can't be true, and don't be afraid that others won't understand. "
(2)
One night, I rang the doorbell of Lu's hometown. Because he knew me, Cheng Lao happily welcomed me into the living room. Before he could sit still, Cheng Lao shouted at the bedroom of the big house: "Lao Lu, Xiao Wang is coming." Lu Lao was having a rest. He answered the sound and walked into the living room.
Lu Lao spoke very bluntly, and the first sentence smiled and said, "Let's talk about it first. I want to watch TV "Emperor Kangxi" at eight o'clock, and I still have half an hour. Let's just say that painting is enough. "
I quickly said, "No problem, it will never affect parents' watching TV."
"Lao Lu's Kangxi the Great is a must-see every night." Cheng Lao said. I opened a long plum blossom scroll. The picture was cut out of four feet of paper and then glued together. * * * is four meters long. The painting is red plum with eosin and rouge, and a stone slope is drawn on the left side of the plum blossom.
Lao Lu looked at the picture and said, "It is very difficult to draw a long scroll successfully. It is easy to master the composition of a vertical painting. Your long scroll was successful, and it's good to finally draw a right song. " Old Lu added, "Our painting is called literati painting. Every stroke has content and knowledge. There is something in your painting, because you have studied painting with Chen, who is a student. "
I opened the long scroll "Ink Grapes" again. Lu Lao said, "The paintings you drew are traditional, innovative and contemporary. Some people paint tacky grapes, like a handicraft, with low taste. "
Cheng Lao said: "Just like a person, it may look beautiful at first glance, but if you look closely, there is no content." On the contrary, some people are very attractive, and the more you look at them, the more attractive they are.
Works of art must pursue intrinsic things, which makes people love to watch more and more, and the more they watch, the more content they have, and they are reluctant to leave. "Lu Lao said:" For example, although a person is beautiful, his inner temperament and knowledge are not enough. It will make people look down upon it. Because there is only an empty shelf, no content and no inherent attraction. Old Lu added, "One of the leaves in the ink grape roll you just drew is too hard and the brushwork is very clear. You can handle it with a dry pen when you get home. This leaf is your first stroke, because it was not completely released at first, which is related to inexperience. "
I stood up and said goodbye to my parents. Lao Lu said happily, "You can be punctual. Some old painters cherish their time very much, leaving only five minutes for their guests. Visitors are seldom received at ordinary times. When I was creating, a guest suddenly came and interrupted my train of thought, and the effect was not good. "
(3)
1994 65438+February 3 1 In the afternoon, my wife Yan Ping and I came to my hometown in Lu. Ring the doorbell, and Lu Guangzhao's old man's voice came from the room. Lao Lu opened the door and welcomed us into the living room. Old Cheng Liying came out of the kitchen, greeted us warmly, sat down and returned to the kitchen.
Lao Lu sat on the sofa and said, "I brought many more paintings." Open them first. "
I used two pieces of four-foot rice paper to open a plum blossom (cross flower, dyed with pale azurite and a little azurite). Lao Lu looked at it carefully and pointed to the picture and said, "We should draw down from here, to the edge of the paper, and then draw in from the outside of the paper. It may not be complete, but it is very imposing to draw it and then draw it in. "
Then, he opened the second painting, Zhu Mo. Lao Lu looked at the whole picture and asked, "Who did you learn this painting from?" I said, "I just saw some real bamboo paintings at home." Lu Lao said, "It's a bit like Zhang Lichen's painting. This is a good painting. "
At this time, Cheng Lao came out of the kitchen, and Lu Lao said, "Come, look." Cheng Lao looked at bamboo once and said, "How did you draw such a long picture?" "Put it on the table and draw it part by part," I said. "Lao Lu spread paper on the carpet and drew a huge picture," Cheng Lao said.
Lao Lu said, "When I draw big pictures, I always draw on paper. Li Ying, look at this plum blossom again. " I opened the plum blossom that Lao Lu had just finished reading. Cheng Lao looked at it carefully and said, "This part of the old branches can be painted by another third, which seems difficult to put down. Your plum blossom is completely traditional. "
Opening the long scroll of Chrysanthemum, Lu Lao said: "The momentum is very good, and the flowers are not vivid enough. You can look at other people's chrysanthemums again. Change another pen, or it will look flat. The leaves are well painted. These leaves in the lower right corner are not hooked by Ye Jin, like the leaves of peony flowers. " Cheng Lao said, "Your idea is very good. You haven't thought through the overall structure of chrysanthemum, so you'd better think about it again. " When he opened the wisteria, Lu Lao said, "These thin vines with thick ink you drew seem to be a little jumpy and out of touch with the old vines. In fact, these can be omitted. Wisteria, unlike grapes, has few fine vines. The flower you painted is not Wang Xuetao's brushwork, but Wu Changshuo's brushwork. The whole composition should not always be full of waves. If you take out the paper, the momentum will be great. " I opened the orchid and said, "This painting feels a little messy." Old Lu looked at it and said, "Chaos is not necessarily a bad thing. Orchids are not easy to draw. If you draw the leaves of orchids with ink, the flowers can be colored. If you use shallow dish sand, shallow ochre or shallow stone green will do. In this way, the colors of flowers and leaves are separated, otherwise, the whole painting will only see that the leaves are gone. " After reading the last picture, both Lu Lao and Cheng Lao sat on the sofa. Cheng Lao said, "Tzu Chi studies hard and paints well. Your painting is characterized by courage, openness and atmosphere. " Lu Lao said: "This road is right. Northern Renye Fang doesn't necessarily just use northern paintings. The stone you drew is very similar to the fighting style of southerners. The middle and sides are used together, which is interesting and lively. It doesn't look like it. It makes people want it. Northern painters don't paint like this, but the biggest feature of Li Kuchan's stone paintings is that they look solid and heavy. Some of my friends who are painters are southerners and paint very well. Wu Changshuo is a southerner, and I especially like his brushwork. " Yan Ping said to me, "Look how lucky you are. Two famous artists are pointing out your paintings. " I said, "Yes! After I finish painting, my heart is always uncertain. After listening to my parents, I have a bottom in my heart. " Lu Lao said: "My teacher, the old man Qi Baishi, did not teach by hand, but sat there and asked me to open the painting. He said, "If you want it, you will be sure, and you will know that this painting is right. "Cheng Lao pointed to a pile of paintings I put on the carpet and said to Lu Lao," Tzu Chi always draws so many paintings, which is quite rare. I think you should accept him as an apprentice. " Lao Lu nodded and said, "All right. From today on, he will be my disciple. The way you draw is right. Everyone has a tendency to look at paintings. I like your style. Painting is an L, J comprehensive art. I have painted freehand flowers and birds for most of my life, and I feel that I can't paint for painting's sake. I want to constantly strengthen my knowledge and cultivation outside painting, so that my works can have a by going up one flight of stairs style. Many people paint Chinese paintings. After painting to a certain extent, they work harder than painting. The old man Baishi has a profound knowledge, which can be reflected in his poems, books, paintings and seals. Chinese painting is different from western painting. It should not only sketch the scenery, but also draw it with' heart', and then show it after turning what it sees into its own feelings. Only in this way can the work move people. The style of a painting is the concrete embodiment of the painter's own knowledge and moral cultivation. "Lao Lu warned me that the pursuit of art should be persistent, otherwise you will retreat if you don't advance.
(4)
1996 One night in June, I came to my hometown in Shandong. Lu Lao, who is 82 years old, has a kind and energetic expression on his face. Sitting in the living room, I asked, "Lao Lu, are you busy recently?" Is the art exhibition almost ready? "Old Lu said," The exhibition was held in June+10 this year, and the painting was almost finished. There are dozens of four-foot paintings that need to be mounted, and others like four-foot, three-cut, and four-foot frames can be used. ""Do you want to prepare 100 pictures? " I asked. Old Lu said, "I'm not going to hang so many paintings. There are 70 paintings. We can't hang them one by one We should leave some room for the audience to think. Painting is too full, just like a painting shop, not good. " "On the opening day of the exhibition, I will send you a big flower basket. "I said." No, considering this exhibition, I declined to send flower baskets and inscriptions to congratulate. Many people said they would send me a flower basket. I said,' I'll think about it.' After careful consideration, I will not accept flower baskets or inscriptions. If I don't let others send it, it will be bad for you to send it alone, which will offend people. When preparing for the art exhibition, there are not enough people to help. "Lu Lao said." Then I must go. I said. Old Lu said, "Well, let's look at the painting. "I opened the picture and it was a chicken stone. A rooster is standing on the boulder, and Mozhu is under the boulder. Lu Lao said: "Everyone draws differently. You can't say that other people's paintings are not good just because they are different from your own. I usually only use thick and light ink, not medium color. This is the style I have formed over the years. Cheng Lao looked at the painting and said, "This bamboo and stone give each other." If you draw a few strokes of bamboo leaves on the stone, the picture will be very comfortable. "Lu Lao gestured on the painting with his hand:" Just add two strokes of bamboo leaves here. "The second picture is ink grapes and birds. Old Lu said, "This ink is good for grapes, but weak for birds. This stone is not as powerful as the last one. The tip of the ink grape vine is a bit untidy. It seems that when drawing, I have no confidence, and I am not sure enough with my pen. Think before you draw, so that you can draw accurately. "Lao Lu looked at it again and said," If you cut the birds, leave the grapes and write more words in the lower left corner, it is also a good painting. "After a pause, Lu Lao went on to say," There is a style problem in painting. Although some people's paintings are very attractive, their styles are not high and they are not atmospheric. I am against dogmatism and don't impose my views on others. I can tell you my opinions and thoughts for reference only, so as not to mislead others. I don't advocate that students draw pictures like me or like a school. Everyone has his own cultivation and thoughts, so we should leave a broad road for future generations, and the more we learn, the narrower we get. Lutz once told his disciples that the louder the bell, the louder the sound. The same is true of learning. The higher the level, the higher the teacher's requirements for him. Otherwise, students can't reach this height, and teachers' profound truths won't work. Because he can't understand this layer. " "Old Lu, I won't worry if I bring the painting here to listen to your opinion." I said. Lu Lao said, "Yes, that's it. After painting, let a third party have a look and listen to other people's opinions. I am also very good at listening to other people's opinions. I don't need to ask, just look at his face. If he stops looking at your painting with no expression, he certainly doesn't like it and can't impress him; If he is very happy, stand there and appreciate it carefully, which means he must like it, and you will know. "It's late, leaving Lu Lao's home. I savored what the landing manager said and walked forward in the bright moonlight.