Zheng Xuan pointed out: "Young people, green collars, also serve students." So the word "stubborn" should now be pronounced "today".
Poetry of Zheng Feng Ji Zi and Qing Qing Ji Zi. Mao Chuan: "Young people, young people, are also served by students."
Han? Zheng Xuan wrote: "The students are all at school." Song? Lin Jingxi's poem "Pay a High Father" says: "Elegant hands give birth to a full house."
Xiao San's poem "He ……": "He is the most beloved professor of young students." Disciple: Yong Ye of the Analects of Confucius: "Ai Gong asked:' Who is a studious person?' "An apprentice is different from a master and an apprentice.
Song Ouyang Xiu's "Inscription of the Later Han Dynasty, Confucius and Zhou Dynasties": "His personal teacher is a disciple, and his teacher is a protege." Students should learn from their teachers and receive their education before they can succeed.
For teachers, students are apprentices. School-age children: young students.
Han Shu's Literary Annals: "Han Xing, Xiao He's grass method, also wrote its method, saying:' Taishi Kao Zi can satirize more than 9,000 words, so it is also history. "Lu Xun's" Scream for White Light ":"As soon as he arrived at his door, seven school children started to read together. "
Master: Yes, disciple. "The Book of Rites is good at bowing": "Zi Si cries in the temple, and the Lord comes."
Zheng Xuan's Note: "The master is also an apprentice." The door means the owner.
Student: It also refers to students. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, a "protege" refers to a second disciple.
Master and disciple are different. Ouyang Xiu said in Records of the Historical Records Postscript Inscription of Confucius Temple in the Later Han Dynasty: "His teacher is a disciple, and his teacher is a disciple."
Later generations also refer to self-taught students. Under the door: refers to students and disciples.
Huai Nan Zi Dao Ying Xun: "Gong Sunlong said to his disciples,' Can someone call me?' Hu Shi's Zen genealogy in Bai Juyi's era:' Huai Hui is also the gate of Yi Dao, and his book will not be passed down today.' Disciples, students and guests: students and disciples.
The epitaph Liu Dakui gave to the doctor Min Fujun in the Qing Dynasty: "I make a living as a disciple and teach among the Party, Qianxi and Xunchuan. There are hundreds of people under his door. "
Guo Moruo's My Childhood: "He is a student of Zhang Zhidong and Wang Renqiu. I heard that some of Zhang Zhidong's theories were copied from him. " Tang Ming Shunzhi's poem "Sending Zou Dongguo to the South Courtyard" reads: "Speaking of guests, several people are sitting in the spring breeze."
Disciple: refers to the disciples under the door. The Analects of Confucius Taber: "Ceng Zi was ill, so he called his disciples".
Apprentices are also called "apprentices" in the province: they refer to disciples or apprentices. Acts, meaning disciples, disciples.
So some nicknames of students are also called "disciples". Such as apprentice, apprentice, apprentice and apprentice.
"Disciple", disciple and protege. Zeng Guofan's Preface to Sending Mr. Tang to the South Tour: "Without Zhong Ni, disciples are scattered in all directions."
Han Fei-Tzu's virtuous learning: "The strategy of collecting books, in terms of learning, is to gather disciples and discuss them in writing." Liang Qichao's "The General Trend of China's Academic Thought Change": "Those who create a theory need disciples to spread it to others, but those who lose thousands of miles will never stop."
Students, apprentices, apprentices and artists: "Students" refer to students and disciples. Guo Moruo said in the article "The Great Lessons of Appendicitis": "My own understanding of the economy is only a primary school student, and my opinion can't be counted."
"Students" refer to students who study Chinese studies and state and county studies. Preface to the History of Northern Scholars: "Set up imperial academy, set up a doctor of the Five Classics, and have more than one student."
"Apprentice" refers to a person who studies under a teacher. "Artist" refers to a student who studies with a master.
Dolly: The same teacher will have different students. Han Ying's Biography of Han Poetry Volume 7: "Those who love peaches and plums in spring get shade in summer and autumn is true;" Those who stab the spring tree cannot take their leaves in summer and get their thorns in autumn. "
In other words, if you plant peaches and plums in spring, you will reap green, cool and fruitful fruits; When you plant tribulus in spring, you can't pick its leaves, but you can only get thorns. Later, people used "peaches and plums" as a metaphor for students who were trained and recommended talents.
So today we often hear: "peaches and plums are everywhere", "peaches and plums are everywhere" and so on. High feet and high feet: it is a courtesy title for other students.
It is said that horses were divided into three classes in the Han Dynasty: high-footed, middle-footed and low-footed. "Gaozu" is a first-class fast horse, also called "Shangzu".
People compare "high-footed" and "high-footed" to "a talented student" as a courtesy to other students. Kid: "kid" is the address of elders to younger generations, and it can also be used as the address of teachers to students.
There is a famous saying in The Analects of Confucius, Yang Huo: "Boy, why don't you learn poetry? Poetry can be exciting, enjoyable, collective and resentful. Your father is a thing, and your father is a distant thing; Know the names of birds, animals and plants. "
Why don't students learn poetry? Poetry can inspire ambition, observe society, make friends and complain about injustice. You can serve your parents nearby, you can serve the king far away, and you can know the names of many birds, animals and plants. "
Qing Liu Dakui's Biography of Gong Min: "It is for the younger generation, and there is no hidden truth in teaching." Rendi: "Rendi" is also the teacher's name for students, which implies the teacher's admiration and love for students.
In addition, teachers usually call students "late classmates, late classmates, late classmates, underachievers, etc." This is the students' modest and prudent self-assertion in front of their predecessors and teachers. Late students: Students in Qing Dynasty called their teacher, father's teacher or teacher's father "Taishi" and called themselves "late students" to show their respect. Classmates, inkstone, classmates, classmates, classmates, book friends, schoolmates and inkstone friends all refer to studying under the same teacher's school.
We can all understand its meaning literally and often see it in ancient books. For example, "Nineteen Ancient Poems" contains "I used to be a friend of my family, holding high my voice and asking six questions".
To "risk one's life and forget one's death" is to give up one's mind in order to study. Song Gu Tao's Five Holes of Qing Louis: "An old chap like me, when I was a child, Liu Chuiyou, my roommate, was eloquent."
"The same inkstone seat" refers to the same table and inkstone seat, and refers to people or classmates who study poetry together. Liu Yuxi's poem: "I always sit at the same table, and I feel this sense of separation."
"The same pen and inkstone", also known as "the same pen and inkstone", refers to people who study together, that is, classmates. In Song Dynasty, Chen Liang wrote "Nomination Letter with Gou Jianzhai": "Today's gentleman is more or less the same as the pen and ink inkstone, or has been in business for twenty years. Once the nobles are few and different, he will be like a passerby. "
Brother, teacher.
2. Modern students in junior high school classical Chinese 1 turn1kloc-0/There is a person in Bingzhou who likes to make jokes.
There is a fox outside. One day, he got a fox tail and tied it behind his clothes.
When he came to his wife's side, he sat down sideways and deliberately showed the fox's tail. When his wife saw it, she secretly suspected that he was a fox, so she quietly picked up an axe and cut it at him.
He kowtowed in horror and said, "I'm not a fox!" " "The wife didn't believe it, so she quickly told her neighbor that the neighbor picked up the knife and stick and chased it. He was scared and told the truth in a hurry: "I was playing a prank, but I didn't expect you to kill me." "
It seems that this fox demon also thrives on the role of people! Sun Tai of Sun Tai is from Yangshan. When I was young, I studied under Huang Fuying, and my ambition was very ancient. Sun Tai's wife is her aunt's daughter.
At first, my aunt was old and entrusted her two daughters to Sun Tai, saying, "The eldest daughter has an eye problem, so you can marry her sister." After his aunt died, Sun Tai married his aunt's eldest daughter.
When someone asked him why, Sun Tai said, "There is something wrong with that man's eyes. He can't get married except me. " They all admire Sun Tai's friendship.
Sun Tai once met an iron lampstand in the city and bought it and washed it. It turned out to be made of silver. Sun Xia η Bazhen alone? Emperor Taizong swallowed locusts for two years, and there were many locusts in Beijing. When Emperor Taizong entered the garden to see the grain (damage), he saw locusts (more than seedlings) and picked up a few locust eggs. He said, "Grain is the life of the people. Eating it harms the people and the people are guilty. Those sins are all in me (in ancient times, locusts were considered supernatural, and there was a grandmother temple, because the locust emperor and the people did not dare to kill it. In ancient times, once a disaster happened, it was considered as a punishment from heaven. If you are really energetic, please eat my heart (don't offend the people) and you will swallow it. People on the side protested, "You can't eat! "You may get sick if you eat it!" Taizong said: "I only hope it will transfer the disaster to me alone!" How can you stop doing it because you are afraid of getting sick? ! "(say that finish) swallow it immediately.
Tao Kan, Xigu, Tao Kan, once visited the suburbs and saw an immature ear of rice in his hand. Tao Kan asked, "What are you doing with these things?" The man said, "I saw it on the road and pulled it out." Tao Kan was furious and said, "Since you don't farm, you still spoil people's rice!" So he arrested the man and whipped him.
Tao Kan cherishes crops and strictly enforces laws, so people are diligent in farming, and everyone is well-off and well-fed. Ou Yangxun, a calligrapher in Ou Yangxun in the Tang Dynasty, rode past an ancient monument one day.
This was written by Suo Jing, a famous calligrapher in Jin Dynasty. He browsed in Malaysia, looked for a long time and left. He walked hundreds of steps from the ancient monument and came back. He got off the horse and stood in front of the monument to observe. When he was tired, he spread out his fur coat and sat down to observe. He stayed in front of the monument for three days and three nights before leaving.
⑥ Wei is the prime minister of Shangshu Zuo, with a good character and incorruptibility. His cousin is Ada's wife.
At that time, Ada was in power. Ada has been to Lilian's room and saw that the curtain hanging on the door was worn out. He asked his men to measure the length and width of the door quietly, then woven the curtain with unpolished bamboo without modification, and then handed it to Li Lian. Ada went to Lilian's home three times, but didn't dare to say anything and went back.
When Zi Qi was sixteen, the monarch of Qi sent him to govern Ah Xian. Soon, Qi Jun went back on his word and sent someone after him.
The pursuers came back and said, "Zi Qi will certainly manage Ah County well, and the cars are full of old people. With the wisdom of the elderly and the young people making the final decision, we will certainly be able to manage Axian well! " Zi Qi manages A County, forging weapons in the armory into farm tools, and opening granaries to help the poor. A county is well managed.
Wei ren heard that A County was run by children, there were no weapons in the armory and no food in the granary, so he set out to attack A County (Qi State). The people of Axian encouraged each other and defeated Wei's army with their own weapons. 8 parrots put out the fire A group of parrots flew to a mountain, and the animals on the mountain (like it very much) respected and cared for each other.
The parrot thought that although it felt happy here, it couldn't stay for a long time, so it flew away. A few months later, a big fire broke out in the mountains.
From a distance, the parrot dipped its feathers into the water and flew to the mountain to sprinkle water to put out the fire. Seeing this situation, God said, "Although you are full of spirit and ambition, what's the use?" The parrot replied, "although I know I can't put out the fire, I used to live on this mountain. I am very friendly with the animals on the mountain, as close as brothers." I can't bear to see it! " God was so moved that he took out his reward and put out the mountain fire.
9 The Peasant Woman and the Bird Once upon a time, there was a peasant woman in southern Anhui who was collecting firewood by the river. She vaguely heard the sound of birds, as if they were whining. When she looked carefully, it was a wild duck. When the peasant woman approached it, she saw that its two wings were covered with blood, and she suspected that she was injured.
The peasant woman took the wild duck home, treated it for about ten days, and recovered slowly. When (the wild duck) left, she nodded frequently as if thanking her. After more than a month, dozens of wild ducks came to live in the farmer's garden. They laid many eggs every day. The farmer couldn't bear to sell them, so he hatched them, and the ducklings hatched in droves.
Two years later, the peasant woman's family lived a well-off life because of the reward for the injured wild duck! 10 cure camel once upon a time, there was a doctor who boasted that he could cure humpback. He said, "Whether it bends like a bow, like a shrimp, or like an iron ring, please ask me to heal it. I believe it will be cured in the morning and as straight as an arrow shaft at night.
"A man believed it and asked him to treat his hunchback. The doctor wants to get two door panels, one on the ground, with hunchback lying on it, the other on it, and then jump on it and step on it hard.
In this way, the hunchback was quickly straightened, but people were also stepped out. The hunchback son wanted to sue him in the government, but the doctor said, "My job is to cure hunchback. Just put it right, it doesn't matter whether people are dead or alive! " .
3. Recommend several ancient texts suitable for high school students to recite. I think we should recite more. Basic Chinese textbooks are recommended two short essays, which can not only learn the basic skills of ancient Chinese, but also spur learning. The ancients told gentlemen that there is no end to learning.
Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice, water, but colder than water. Wood is straight in the rope and is considered as a wheel. Although it is violent, it is natural to let it stand still.
Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, and the golden tip is beneficial. A gentleman is knowledgeable and cares about himself every day, so he will know clearly and won't do anything wrong.
So, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know the height of the sky. Don't face the deep stream, I don't know the thickness of the ground; I didn't know the greatness of learning until I heard the last words of my late king. The son of a foreigner is born with the same sound, long and different customs, so it is natural to teach him.
The poem says, "Dear Sir, there is no constant rest. Jing Gonger, goodness is integrity.
Listen to God and you will be blessed. "God is greater than Tao, and joy is greater than harmlessness.
I've been thinking about it all day. I might as well learn it in a minute. I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking.
Climbing a mountain, the arm is not lengthened, but the person you see is far away. Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious.
People who cheat horses are not only profitable, but also cause thousands of miles. People who make fake boats can't make water, but neither can they make rivers.
The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave. There is a kind of bird in the south, called "Mongolian pigeon". It takes feathers as its nest, but it is woven with hair and tied with reeds.
When the wind breaks, the egg broken child dies. The nest is endless, but so are the people connected with it.
There is a kind of wood tree in the west called "Shegan". Its stem is four inches long, born in the mountains, near the abyss. You can't grow a wooden pole, but you can stand.
In the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane, can't bear to go straight. [White sand nirvana, all black.
] Lan Huaizhi's roots are for it, and he is not close to the gentleman and refuses to accept it. Its quality is not beautiful, but it is also gradual.
Therefore, a gentleman must choose his hometown when he is born, and he must be an official when he goes out, so he must be close to righteousness. Everything has a beginning and an end.
When honor or disgrace comes, it will be like virtue. Meat rots into adults, and fish withers into moths.
Ignoring and forgetting your body is a disaster. Strong cultivation, soft cultivation.
Evil is in the body, and resentment is in the structure. If the salary is the same, the fire will dry up.
If the ground is flat, the water will be wet. Vegetation is born, birds and animals are numerous, and things are human beings.
It is the nature of Zhang and the bow and arrow to swallow. Lin Mao's axe is heavy, the trees are shaded by birds, and it is sour and sour. Therefore, there are calls for disaster and humiliation. A gentleman is careful what he says! Accumulate soil to build mountains, and wind and rain will flourish.
The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born. Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared.
Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river. Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu.
Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts.
The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake's nest has no sustenance, it's also impetuous. Therefore, those who have ulterior motives have no bright future.
He made much ado about nothing, which has nothing to do with hehe. Those who follow the right path will not come, and those who follow the right path will not allow it.
Eyes can't see, ears can't hear. A poisonous snake flies without feet, and a mouse is poor with five branches.
The poem says: "The corpse dove is in Sang, and her son is seven. A good gentleman with noble character is always a polite person.
Always have a good appearance and a rock-solid inner integrity. "So the gentleman with a also.
In the past, I played drums and harp, but I listened to fish. I play drums and the piano. Therefore, the sound is not small but not heard, and the line is not hidden but not shaped.
Jade is moist in the mountains, pearls are born in the deep, and cliffs are not withered. Do good without accumulating evil? There are people who don't listen! Learn evil from scratch? Evil in the end? Yue: Its number begins with chanting and ends with the ceremony of reading.
Its significance begins with being a scholar and ends with being a saint. If you really accumulate strength for a long time, you will enter, and if you learn, you will stop.
Therefore, there is an end to the number of students. If it is just, it cannot be abandoned for a moment. For it, people are also; Give up, so do animals.
Therefore, the book is also the discipline of political affairs. Poets, the voice in the middle stopped.
Ceremony is the greatness of law, and so is the discipline of the group. Therefore, learning must stop at ceremony.
Husband is called the extreme of morality. The respect of ceremony, the harmony of music, the abundance of poetry and books, the micro-spring and autumn, between heaven and earth.
The learning of a gentleman is also in the ear, in the heart, in the four bodies, and in the dynamic shape. Generally speaking, crawling is the law.
The knowledge of the villain is heard by the ear, not by the mouth. Between the mouth and the ears, there are four-inch long ears, which is beautiful enough for a seven-foot body! Ancient scholars were themselves, and today's scholars are people. The study of a gentleman is also for beauty.
Little people learn that birds are calves. Therefore, if you don't ask, you will be proud of it, and if you ask, you will be proud of it.
Proud, not also; Oh, no; A gentleman is like a man. Learn from ink and get close to people.
Rites and music are not mentioned, poetry and books are not cut, and the Spring and Autumn Period is simple and unhappy. If you learn from a gentleman, you will respect him all over the world.
Therefore, learning ink is almost close to people. Learning classics is not as fast as learning good people, followed by long rituals.
You can't be a good person in the world, and you can't be a gift in the next life. Ante will learn miscellaneous knowledge, follow the poetry book! Then, in the last poor years, it is inevitable that there will be rude Confucianism. The original king, benevolence and righteousness, is right.
If you pat your collar with five fingers, there will be countless followers. If you don't respect the Constitution, you can't use it to measure the river, use it as a tool or use it as a pot.
Therefore, although Longli is unknown, he is also a lawyer; If you don't give a long gift, you will scatter Confucianism, although you will argue. Ask the bitter, don't tell.
Don't ask those who complain. Don't listen to those who say they are bitter.
Don't argue with people who live up to expectations. So follow its path, then walk, and avoid it if it is not its path.
Therefore, return the courtesy before you can talk to the parties; Words are fluent, but later they can be defended by words and deeds; Follow the color, and then you can follow your words and deeds. So, you can't be proud of what you said, but you can hide what you said and you can't be proud of your appearance.
Therefore, a gentleman is not proud or hidden, let nature take its course. The poem says: "The son of heaven gave bandits a comfortable relationship."
This is also called. One of a hundred shots is not a good shot.
A thousand miles is not enough, and good is not enough. Learning badly is because ethics has nothing to do with human nature.
Those who learn well will learn well. Once in the way, once in the way, the person who draws the lane is also.
There are fewer good people, more bad people, and stealing feet. All the people, and scholars.
A gentleman knows that his husband is not perfect and can't think of beauty, so he recites it consistently and thinks it over, so as to treat others and educate people. Make eyes have no desire to see, ears have no desire to listen, mouth has nothing to say, and heart has nothing to worry about.
When you are good at time, your eyes are good with five colors, your ears are good with five tones, your mouth is good with five flavors, and your heart benefits the world. Therefore, rights cannot be dumped, the masses cannot be moved, and the world cannot be shaken.
Life depends on reason, death depends on reason, and husband is called virtue. Fuck it, and then you can decide.
You can decide and then you can respond. Yes
4. English translation I am a junior high school student, and I can't recite many classical Chinese words if I want to. First of all, I must memorize all the meanings of classical Chinese content words that are common in junior high school. Just a few, be patient, I can't remember them on weekdays. Then I will accumulate more, and I usually see the real words and questions in the text. I'll write them down in that little book and have a look at them often, so I'll be familiar with them before the exam. There will be 17 function words commonly used in classical Chinese. You should find them all, sum them up, recite them desperately, and pay attention to their meanings in sentences. It is also good to read too much. For example, it has the meanings of table multiplication, table inversion, table modification and table juxtaposition. Sort them out one by one and just remember them. As for translation, the general requirements of the exam are loyalty and elegance. Exam translation is basically three points and two nominal words, so you need to lay a good foundation according to what I said above. Elegance means fluency, which requires attention to the differences between ancient and modern ways of speaking. When you do the problem, it is reflected in whether you have accurately restored it. The meaning of the sentence is the third attachment point of each sentence. I hope it helps you. I'm from Wuhan, and I just finished the college entrance examination. If you