1. The original text and translation of "Shi Ci Chang Zi"
Xuan: after; is: like this; Shi: talent; Xu: many.
The story of "Lian Zi" also has "examination":
Jia Dao of the Tang Dynasty was a famous poet of the Kuyin School. What is the Kuyin Sect? Just for a line of poetry or a word in a poem, you will not hesitate to expend your efforts and efforts. Jia Dao spent several years writing a poem. After the poem was completed, he burst into tears. He was not only happy, but also felt sorry for himself. Of course, he doesn't have to work so hard every time he writes a song. If that were the case, he wouldn't be able to become a poet.
Once, Jia Dao rode a donkey into the official road. He was thinking about a poem, the whole poem is as follows:
Living idle with young neighbors,
The grass path leads into the deserted garden.
The bird stayed in the tree beside the pond,
The monk knocked on the door under the moon.
Crossing the bridge changes the colors of the field,
Moving stones moves cloud roots.
I have been away for a while and come here again,
You live up to your promise.
But there was one thing he was undecided about, and that was the sentence in the second sentence: "The monk pushed the door under the moon." But he felt that pushing was not appropriate, so it would be better to knock instead of push. He was mumbling thoughtfully. Unknowingly, he rode a donkey into the honor guard of the high official Han Yu.
Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he had done what he did. The poem was read to Han Yu, but in one sentence he couldn't decide whether to use "push" or "knock". Han Yu laughed loudly after hearing this and said to Jia Dao: "I think it's better to use 'knock'. If the door is closed, how can you push it open? Besides, when you go to someone else's house and it's night, you still have to knock." The door is polite! And the word "knock" makes the night more quiet. There is movement in the silence. Isn't it lively?" Jia Dao nodded repeatedly. Not only was he not punished this time, he also made friends with Han Yu.
Since then, "deliberation" has become a popular and commonly used word, used to describe repeated thinking and consideration when writing an article or doing something. 2. The meaning of changing words in poems
The first one didn’t understand. Does the second one refer to the spring breeze and the green south bank of the river? Because other words only express the arrival of the spring breeze, but do not express the change of the new green scenery on the Qianli River Bank after the arrival of spring. The use of green characters allows people to intuitively see the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan.
The third one: One day, Jia Dao was riding a donkey walking on the street in Chang'an, the capital city, and casually recited a poem, two of which were:
"In the bird's nest pond The tree, the monk pushed the moon down the door."
Jia Dao felt that the word "push" in the poem was not used appropriately. He wanted to change the word "push" to the word "knock", but he didn't know which word for the moment. good. So, while thinking, I repeatedly pushed and knocked on the door with my hands. Pedestrians on the street were very surprised to see Jia Dao's expression.
Han Yu saw this and said to Jia Dao angrily: "Why are you riding a donkey with your head down and not looking ahead?"
Jia Dao was startled and hurriedly got off Donkey, I apologized to Han Yu, and recounted the situation in which I couldn't avoid the situation because I considered the words "push" and "knock" in the poem I just read on the donkey.
After Han Yu heard this, his anger turned into joy. After thinking for a moment, he said: "Knocking is good! When everything falls asleep and is so quiet that there is no sound, the knocking on the door seems to be in the dead of night."
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Jia Dao thanked him repeatedly and designated the poem as "The monk knocks on the door under the moon".
The cicada is using (relying on) a branch to sing. The word "yong" in the poem was originally written as "hold", then changed to "occupy", to "in", to "to bring", to "to" "It wasn't until the word "use" that I finally decided on it. I heard from Dr. Qian Shenzhong that the process of writing poetry was like this. 4. What does the changing of characters in poems vividly illustrate through the poet's conception process?
The poem "Changing Characters in Poems" talks about the problem of "refining characters" in poetry creation. It vividly illustrates the problem of "refining characters" in poetry creation through the poet's conception process. It shows that the change of one word can bring life to the poem, make the scene in the poem appear vividly on the paper, and the realm become more distinct. "Changing Words in Poetry" (selected from "Rong Zhai's Continuation", author: Hong Mai) Wang Jinggong's quatrains Yun said: "Between Jingkou and Guazhou, Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine back?" Sergeant Wu hid his grass at home, and Chu Yun said, "We have reached the south bank of the river again", and circled it "to the south bank of the river again". "The word "not good" was changed to "pass". The circle was changed to "enter". The circle was changed to "full". Any ten words like this were first designated as "green". Huang Luzhi's poem: " Guiyan has nothing to do in March, and Gao Chan is singing on a branch." The word "Yong" was originally called "Bao", then changed to "Zhan", "Zai", "Dai", "Yao", and finally "Yong". It was decided with the word "Yong". I heard this from Dr. Qian Shenzhong. Translation: Wang Anshi wrote in a seven-character quatrain: "Between Jingkou and Guazhou, there are only a few mountains separated by Zhongshan. When the spring breeze turns green to the south bank of the river, when will the bright moon shine?" Take me back (Jingkou and Guazhou are separated by a river, and when you look at Zhongshan, it seems like there are only a few mountains between them. The spring breeze blows the Jiangnan coast with new green. When will the bright moon shine and send me back to my hometown)." A piece from Suzhou A literati has a manuscript of the original poem in his home. It was originally written as "Arrived to the south bank of the Yangtze River again". He circled and deleted the word "to". He added "bad" next to the poem and rewritten it as "pass". Then he circled and deleted the word "to". It was changed to "enter" and then "man". General Secretary Xi Jinping chose more than ten words before and after the modification, and finally decided on the word "green". Huang Tingjian wrote in a poem: "Guiyan has no March." (The swallows that are about to fly back to the south during the autumnal equinox are probably no longer busy with such busy things as carrying mud and building nests in March; the cicadas perched high on the trees are using their (with the help of) (A branch is chirping)." The word "Yong" in the poem was originally written as "hold", then changed to "Zhan", "Zai", "Bring", "Yao", until "Yong" "The word was finally decided. I heard from Dr. Qian Shenzhong that this is how he wrote the poem.