With the expansion of accumulation and the gradual popularization of education, China's calligraphy is composed of a very small number of intellectuals.
Patents have been welcomed by people from all walks of life and have a broad mass base.
The art form of. From emperors and generals, literati class to folk intellectuals, they are proficient in learning books.
Readers and appreciation collectors emerge in an endless stream. With the emergence of technologies such as engraving, copying and reprinting, books
On the basis of inheriting the tradition, legal art develops with each passing day, and there are colorful spots.
You, colorful art form. Calligraphy art began to enter the stage of conscious artistic practice.
Duan and others constantly sublimate the art of calligraphy to a theoretical level to appreciate and create. depart
Now there is a calligraphy family represented by Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. This marks the book of China.
The art of law began to flourish.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, various conditions and reasons promoted the prosperity of calligraphy.
First of all, the invention and technical improvement of paper provided a light and cheap load for calligraphy art.
Body. The invention of paper is a great contribution of the Chinese nation to world civilization. Early ancient Chinese characters
Bamboo slips are very heavy, which is not conducive to the spread of culture and art. Later, people used silk.
Although writing is light, it is too expensive, which limits the development of calligraphy art. Cai Lun in Eastern Han Dynasty
Plant fiber paper made of bark, hemp head and rags. Low price, light weight and convenient use. because
Therefore, the invention and popularization of paper greatly improved the degree of social civilization and achieved the art of calligraphy.
Our development has entered a brand-new era. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the manufacturing technology of paper appeared.
Mature stage. It can not only make white paper, yellow paper, green paper, etc. And make five-color paper. Paper is not.
It's just that it's excellent in texture and beautiful in appearance, and it's a gift from dignitaries.
Secondly, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was a period of ideological emancipation in the ancient history of China.
Generation. In the field of ideology and culture, the Han Dynasty practiced a cultural autocracy of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone"
Policies suppress and exclude intellectuals who create culture and art, and imprison people.
This concept limits the free development of culture and art. After the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Confucianism
National unity has become a thing of the past, and the emerging metaphysics has suddenly erected and been suppressed for hundreds of years.
The thoughts of Legalists and Taoists reappeared in people's ideological fields. Because the country is in a state of division
State, the government can't implement ideological and cultural autocratic policy, on the contrary, adopted an inclusive attitude.
A tolerant attitude. Therefore, not only Taoism, which is native to China, can spread and develop smoothly, but also
Foreign Buddhism also spread rapidly. So that Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties became China.
In history, after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it is also a golden age of ideological emancipation. Buddhism
It has injected new nutrition and vitality into China culture. It promoted architecture, sculpture and calligraphy in China.
The development of art forms. Stone carving in temples and copying of Buddhist scriptures. Become a treasure of calligraphy art
Many Buddhists and Zen masters became famous calligraphers. Calligraphy relies on the enlightenment and understanding of Buddhism.
Take off your expression and get the best play.
Third. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is also an unprecedented era of ethnic integration in China's history.
Northern minorities, led by Xiongnu, Xianbei, Xiongan, Di and Qiang, took advantage of the decline of the Central Plains dynasty.
Machine, have entered the central plains; In order to escape the war, the Han people migrated to the northeast and west.
Remote areas such as the north, southwest and south of the Yangtze River. The oppression of minority nationalities by Han bureaucrats and landlords
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Slavery aroused their strong resistance. The plundering and plundering of the Central Plains by ethnic minority regimes.
Excuse me. Aroused the heroic resistance of the Han people. In order to adapt to the agricultural students in the Central Plains, minority rulers
Mode of production, maintain their own rule, and consciously adopt the advanced politics, economy and culture of the Han nationality.
System. In the case of ethnic migration, competition and mixed living, ethnic exchanges and integration are increasing.
Deepen. The distinction between the Han dignitaries and the people has gradually faded, and Hu Chuang and Hu.
Wushu dance and other art forms are widely loved. Ethnic integration has promoted the relationship between ethnic groups.
Cultural and artistic exchanges have broadened people's horizons, broadened people's minds and enriched people.
Their artistic accomplishment and creative themes have injected new blood into the development of calligraphy art.
It has become a different style and genre, with beautiful south and beautiful north, which shows that it is different.
Regional and national characteristics.