Luo Guanzhong (1330— 1400), whose real name is in the middle. A famous novelist and dramatist at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, China was the originator of Zhang Hui's novels. He wrote many works in his life, including: the script Zhao Taizu's Dragon and Tiger Club, the serial exhortation of the son of loyalty and filial piety, and the three chapters of crying and wailing; The novels include The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, The Romance of the Five Dynasties, The Legend of Three Demons in Suiping, Fenfang, The Water Margin and The Romance of Three Kingdoms, which are co-authored with Shi Naian.
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Some people like to praise two relatives of Wu Cheng'en's own generation: one is the brother-in-law Shen family, and the other is the brother-in-law Ye family. They are descendants of Shen Yi and Ye Qi respectively. Shen Yi and Ye Qi were the ministers of the southern and northern governments in Jingtai and Hongzhi years respectively, and they were both important figures in Huai 'an. But Wu Cheng'en's brother-in-law and wife are probably just the two ethnic groups, not the direct descendants of the two ministers. But in the end, it is still a relationship between relatives and friends, and it has something to do with it. Now let's look at these two relatives.
Let's talk about my brother-in-law Shenyang first. "Epitaph of Xianfubin" says: "Mrs. Xu gave birth to a daughter and became a woman, suitable for Shenshan County." So Wu Cheng'en's brother-in-law is called Shen Shan. How do you know that Shen Shan and Shen Yi belong to his family? This is reflected in the epitaph written by Wu Cheng'en's grandson Du Qiu, the son of Shen Shan's daughter, for his parents. The epitaph says. "When it comes to Huai County, the most popular thing is that the family of Shangshu is also the first; My mother is a man, and I know her granddaughter. " This epitaph says that the grandmother is "Mrs Wu" and "Sheyang Wu Gong, mother uncle". Therefore, her mother Shen Shi is Wu Cheng'en's niece and Wu Chengjia's daughter, "Mrs. Wu". Therefore, Wu Cheng'en's brother-in-law Shen Shan was immediately called "the home of the first minister of Shen Gong". At that time, Shen Yi was the only Shangshu in Huai 'an, so Shen Shan was a member of Shen Yi. In addition, Du Qiu's middle cousin is clearly recorded in Shen Yi's genealogy, while Shen Shi's genealogy also records Du Qiu as an important relative. These are all confirmations.
According to Pingyagong's Epitaph, Shen Shi "was the first family in Donglu, and the founding fathers moved away from the soldiers, so he returned. Inheritors are distinguished by subjects, and the first taboo person is the minister of Nanjing Household Department of Leigong, and there are imperial merits between orthodox religions. Those who are taboo, officials and ministers all give things, and they are promoted to Taibu Temple and Shao Qing to speak in Taiwan. They are tired of the right-wing officials in Sichuan, and they are responsible for the birth of the people ... Yin Lun Heyi, the branch name is re-elected, and the number of Huai people in China is huge, which means that the first bend is Shen. " This is indeed a distinguished family. But there is no Shen Shan's name in this Shen Shi genealogy, and there is no record of marrying Wu. According to the relationship with Shen Shi family, Shenshan should be Shen. Shen was either the spectral name of Shen Shan, which was later renamed. This is based on the following points:
1. Du Qiu wrote "Epitaph of Ping Yagong": "Shen Fu is the former residence of Huai Qiaomu, and my mother gave me the door to Gong Yu, while Ping Yagong and the rest have cousins." Pingya's public name is Shen Pu, the word husband. His nickname is Pingya and his Changshan is three years old.
Second, Shen Qian's "Shanglinyuan Supervision Bureau Chengpi County Office" said: "Qiu Gong Zhen Gang (Du Qiu's word Zhen Gang), his ancestors are also in the table." Shen Qian's ancestor was Shen Pu.
Third, Shen Peikuan's "Fu Xing Jun Shu" said: "When Zeng Wang's father saw his back, Wang's father had been married for 12 years, leaving him and his cousin Zhen Gang Qiu Gong alone." Shen Peikuan's great-grandfather is still Shen Pu.
All the above records can be found in Shen Yi's genealogy.
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Wu Cheng'en made many famous people, such as Li Chunfang (Zaifu), Zhu Rifan, Wen Zhiming, Shen Kun and others. They usually chat and get together, or often write to each other, transmit information to each other, and share life experiences and experiences, which provide Wu Cheng'en with a lot of life materials. From the acquaintance with them, Wu Cheng'en gradually understood that those who are in officialdom are hard to do. Take Li Chunfang as an example. In the position of Zaifu? Isn't it "like a tiger with you"? Are you on pins and needles? There is also a literati in Huai 'an who wrote a poem and was imprisoned for no reason. It is said that it alluded to the emperor of that dynasty. Literati, literati, fate is so tragic! Officials, officials, are also "people can't help themselves in the Jianghu"! It is better to write a journey to the west with peace of mind, be indifferent to life, and not be happy!
Li Chunfang
Ming (AD 156 1 year) was born in Xinghua, Jiangsu. Date of birth and death is unknown. He lived about 40 years ago during the Jiajing period of Sejong in the Ming Dynasty, at the age of 75. In the 26th year of Jiajing (AD 1547), he became the first scholar. Awarded Hanlin a bachelor's degree by writing. Ministers tired of official etiquette. Participate in maintenance. Respect others, forgive others and compare with others-Shi Li. Not as good as it is, but clean. At the beginning of Qin Long (A.D. 1567), he worshipped records. Enter the official department. A pawn, a stone man The common goal of Chunfang, Yan Ne, Guo Pu and Wei Yuan is "Prime Minister of Qing Ci". He is the author of ten volumes of Yi 'antang Collection, and the General Catalogue of Four Treasures of the Study is published in the world.
Beijing Library Publishing House published a book "Talking about Wu Cheng'en —— Revealing the Author Problem of The Journey to the West", suggesting that The Journey to the West was not written by Wu Cheng'en, but by Li Chunfang, the "Prime Minister of Qing Dynasty" of Ming Jiajing.
Zhu rifan
[Ming] word, Jiangsu Baoying people. In the 23rd year of Jiajing (1544), he was a scholar and served as the magistrate of Jiujiang. He often reads behind closed doors and writes meticulously, which is quite close to the calligraphy of the Jin Dynasty. I absolutely like Zhu Yunming and express it in my mind. Beautiful and chic, no posture, but I lost my heart. Yi Yan, Ji
Wen Zhiming (1470 ~ 1559), that is, Wen Zhiming, was originally named wall, word, and later changed to the middle of the word, named Hengshan, Zhiyun, a layman in Hengshan, posthumous title. His name is Wen Hengshan. Stop Yunting. Changzhou (now Suzhou) people. The official of Hanlin is waiting for a letter, and Mr. Xian Zhen is a private servant. One of the founders of Wu Pai. He was the most famous painter and calligrapher in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Together with Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan and Xu Zhenqing, they are also called "Four Talents in Jiangnan" (also known as the Four Talents of Wumen). It is also called "Ming Sijia" with Shen Zhou, Tang Bohu and Chou Ying. He is very famous in the contemporary era, and he is known as "Hengshan's ancestral home in the world, so he was named Hengshan Jushi and Changzhou (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). At the age of 54, at the age of 54, Gong Sheng tried to be an official. He was awarded a letter to imperial academy, so he called it a letter to be served.
Wen Zhiming's early fame and fortune career was not smooth. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people who passed the examinations at all levels and passed the examinations in Shangguan, Zhou and County schools were generally called "students" or "Jinshi". Wen Zhiming took the exam at the age of a student, and passed it at the age of 53 in the first year of Jiajing (A.D. 1522), but failed to pass it, so he was a teenager. At the age of 54, he was recommended to the court in Beijing by Li Chongsi, the minister of the Ministry of Industry. After examination by the official department, he was awarded a low-paid post in imperial academy. At this time, his calligraphy and painting have gained a good reputation, and there are many requirements for his calligraphy and painting. As a result, he was jealous and excluded by his colleagues in imperial academy. Wen Zhiming was very unhappy. Since he came to Beijing in the second year, he has written a letter asking to resign and go home. His resignation report was approved three times in three years. At the age of 57, he left Beijing, sailed south and returned to Suzhou to settle down. From then on, he devoted himself to poetry and painting, stopped seeking an official position and took a show. Famous in his later years, he is known as "writing all over the world". People who bought his calligraphy and painting called him "envious of the sea and mountains" as soon as they stepped on the threshold. Wen Zhiming, who died at the age of 90, is the oldest among the "four gifted scholars in Wumen". Nearly 90 years old, he still worked tirelessly and wrote an epitaph for people. Before he finished writing, he "put down his pen and sat down and died."
Wen Zhiming's calligraphy and painting attainments are extremely comprehensive, and his poems, essays and paintings are excellent. People call it the "four unique" generalist. Although he imitated Shen Zhou, he still has his own style. He is versatile, green ink and wash, and meticulous brushwork. Mountains and rivers, people, flowers, orchids, etc.
Learn Chinese characters from Sue. Later, Wen Zhiming learned calligraphy from Young-jin Lee, who lived in Ou Yangxun. Young-jin Lee was a fair, gentle and clean person. Although he is not a master of calligraphy, he is a calligraphy educator. He is Zhu Zhishan's father-in-law and Wen Zhiming's first teacher. He not only passed on all his learning experience to Wen Zhiming, but also encouraged him to break through the tradition and be brave in innovation. When Wen Zhiming was 22 years old, Li Yingzhen read his Su Shu and said to Wen Zhiming, "How can we follow in the footsteps of others?" ? Let's learn to be Wang Xizhi, just someone else's ears! "These words affected Wen Zhiming.
Wen Zhiming is famous for being good at all kinds of calligraphy in history, especially at running script and small letters. Wang Shizhen commented in Yi Yan Yuan: "Wen Zhiming, who is about to make an imperial edict, is famous for his lower case letters, and his followers are familiar with it. His unique seal script writing is not inferior to others, but he himself has become a useful product. The book "Thousand Articles" has four styles, and the script is absolutely exquisite. There are "Huang Ting" and "legacy education" brushwork, and the style is light and moist. It can be called the jade version of "holy coke", and the official script is also wonderful in "Zen". Seal script is the style of Jin, Jin and Yang Bing, and regular script has a small method, which is commendable. "
Wen Zhiming's calligraphy is warm and graceful, steady and mature, rigorous in statutes and vivid in conception. Although there is no vigorous momentum, it has the charm of calligraphy in Jin and Tang Dynasties. His book style is less angry, and in his freehand brushwork, he often reveals a gentle and elegant atmosphere. Perhaps the ups and downs of his official career have killed his spirit of death, but he is a late bloomer and his style is becoming more and more calm. His masterpieces handed down from generation to generation include "A drunkard's sake is not wine", "Preface to Wang Teng-ting", "Fu on the Red Wall", "Poem of Fisherman", "Li Sao" and "Beishan Translation".
Yu Bozhai, born on the 10th week, was born in Taihe, Zhili (now Taihe, Anhui). His ancestral home was Xiuning, and later he moved here. His family believes in Guan Di. It is said that Shen Kun had begged Guandi to take his examination papers home on the eve of his entrance examination in Beijing. One of his visiting friends saw it secretly, and he took the opportunity to play a trick on Shen Kun. Then he stole seven questions at random and put them under the incense table in front of the statue of Guandi while Shen Kun was not looking. The next day, Shen Kun came to burn incense again. At first sight, he was like a treasure, thinking that Guandi really appeared. When he got home, he drew up a draft according to the topic and recited it. Entering the examination room, the test questions actually coincide with this. The friend who played tricks on him also took the exam with him. When playing tricks on others, he never thought that God was playing tricks on him. He forgot all the seven questions he did at that time. As a result, Shen Kun wanted to take the pilot test, but he fell from Sun Shan. The title of the trial is "suburban temple system". Shen Kun's words were meticulous and elegant, which won the favor of Emperor Jiajing. In the twentieth year of Jiajing (154 1), Shen Kun was the top scholar, and he was thirty-four years old. At the beginning, the official Hanlin Academy was promoted to You Chunfang and You Yude. In the thirty-third year of Jiajing (1554), he was appointed as the right illegitimate son, and also worked in the Hanlin Academy. In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing (1556), he was promoted to imperial academy, Nanjing to offer a drink. The following year, his father died and Ding You returned to his hometown. Jiajing was thirty-eight years old. After the expiration of three years, I was suddenly involved in a case and was arrested and imprisoned. I didn't know what to do.