Tianjin Sha ① Qiu Si
Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. ①: Selected from Yolanda Sanqu. Tianjingsha, the name of Qupai. Qiu Si, topic. Ma Zhiyuan, whose date of birth and death is unknown, was a famous dramatist in Yuan Dynasty (now a Beijinger). ②: Crow at dusk. From a distance, crows at dusk are looking for old vines to inhabit, but when they look closely, there are people living beside the small bridge and flowing water. In front of them, there is only a thin horse carrying a wandering wanderer, walking slowly on the ancient autumn wind road. Looking at the afterglow of the sunset, wandering wanderers are still wandering around the world. Appreciate this is Ma Zhiyuan's famous song, and 28 calligraphy and paintings show a lonely place. This song is heartbroken. The author's lyrical motivation can be seen from the title. In the first two sentences, the old vines make people faint, and the small bridges flow, creating a cold and bleak atmosphere and showing a fresh and quiet realm. The old vines here give people a bleak feeling, and it is already evening. Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn. The ancient road became thinner with the west wind, and the poet described a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and naturally puts the poet's infinite worries in the picture through words such as withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin. In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wandering wanderer appeared on the rural picture in late autumn, leading a thin horse on the desolate ancient road at sunset, wandering around in the face of the biting autumn wind, feeling sad, but not knowing where his home is, revealing the poet's sad feelings and appropriately expressing the theme. This poem uses the method of scene lyricism to render the atmosphere, express the theme, and perfectly express the melancholy of travelers who wander the world. Known as the "ancestor of Qiu Si", Tianjin Sha Qiu Si created a typical environment by sketching, which can set off that kind of homesickness.
Bai Juyi's poems
Year: Tang Author: Bai Juyi's Works: Sleeping at night and dreaming less, beginning of autumn thinking more. Lonely and sunny, depression comes early and cold. Birds live in red leaves and the moon shines with moss. Besides, I am middle-aged and over 32 years old in the mirror. Age: Tang Author: Bai Juyi's works: The sunset glow is redder than burning, and the clear sky is bluer than blue. There are different animal shapes and clouds, bowing on the third day of the month. The goose misses the north, and the anvil is full of water. The smell of gloomy autumn is easy to understand before you get old.
Du Mu's Poems
Year: Tang Author: Du Mu's works: Pyrolysis pliers, floating in autumn. See you in the drizzle pond. Short hair is not enough to comb, and the pillow is cold and lazy. I have divided this in my life, and there is nothing unfair about it.
Li Bai's poem
Time: Qiu Si in Tang Dynasty
Author: Li Bai's works: The spring sun in Qiu Si is like yesterday, and the trees sing orioles. The grass grows at dusk and the cool wind blows. Under the autumn leaves, the moon is cold and the chickens are sad. Sit and rest in sorrow, and the Millennium withers and blooms. Year: Tang Author: Li Bai's works: Yellow leaves fall, my concubine stands on the platform. Yun Lan broke at sea, and autumn scenery came. Hu Bing went to Shaguan, and Han Shi went to Guanguan. If you don't come back for a day, the grass will be destroyed.
Wang Changling's Poems
Year: Tang Author: Wang Changling Works: Qiu Si.
E Shi's yellow leaves fall, and my concubine stands on the platform. When the moon rises and the clouds break, Qiu Lai Khan. Hu Bing went to Shaguan, and Han Shi went to Guanguan. If you don't come back for a day, the grass will be destroyed. [A poem by Li Bai]
Xu Hun's Poems
Year: Tang Author: Xu Hun's Works: West Wind Pillow Autumn, Chu Yunxiang Traveling Together. Singing a song to cover the mirror, yesterday's teenager is bald today.
Zhang Ji's poems
Introduction to poetry
Qiu Si Zhang Tang was born in Luoyang City and has seen the autumn wind. He wants to write a meaningful book. When the letter is written, I am worried that I have not finished what I want to say; When the messenger started, he opened the envelope and gave it to him. The first sentence says you live in Luoyang and watch the autumn wind. Plain narrative, not exaggerated, but meaningful. Qiu Si.
The autumn wind is invisible, audible, tangible and tangible, but it seems invisible. However, just as the earth can be dyed green and bring boundless spring colors, the cold air contained in the autumn wind can also make the leaves of trees turn yellow and the flowers wither, bringing a wide range of autumn colors, autumn capacity and autumn state to nature and human beings. It is invisible, but it can be seen everywhere. Seeing this bleak and crumbling scene, the wanderer stranded in a foreign land will inevitably arouse the loneliness of being stranded in a foreign land and cause long-term thoughts for his hometown and relatives. This plain and meaningful word "Jian" gives readers rich hints and associations. The second sentence is close to the autumn wind, and the word "think" is written on the front. Hans Zhang in the Jin Dynasty "thought of Wuzhong leek, soup, and lived because of the autumn wind, saying,' Life is expensive but you don't want it. Why do you stay thousands of miles and become famous?' Then I rode home (Biography of Hans Zhang in the Book of Jin). Zhang Jizu was born in Wujun and now lives in Luoyang. The situation is similar to that of Hans Zhang. When he sees the autumn wind and homesickness, he may think of the story of Zhang Hans. However, due to various unspecified reasons, I couldn't do what Hans Zhang told me, so I had to write a letter to my family to express my homesickness. This makes the already deep and strong homesickness, adding to the melancholy of wanting to return, and the thoughts are becoming more and more complicated. The word "desire" is quite interesting. It expresses the poet's thoughts and modality when he spread paper and stretched out his pen: there are too many worries in his heart, and he feels that he has endless words to talk about, but he doesn't know where to start or how to express them at the moment. The abstract "meaning is very weighty" has become vivid and easy to imagine because of this desire to write a book. Qiu Si.
In three or four sentences, apart from the specific process and content of writing letters, only one detail was cut out when the home letter was about to be sent-"I can't say it in a hurry, and pedestrians will open it again." The poet felt unable to write because of his "profound meaning", but he didn't have time to think about it because of the information sent by a passerby. Deep and rich feelings and unspeakable contradictions were hastily written down, making this letter containing thousands of words almost "I tried to read your hasty notes and found that the ink was too light" (Li Shangyin's Untitled Four Poems). The book is sealed, as if it had been said; But when a passer-by was ready to hit the road, it suddenly occurred to him that he was in a hurry just now, for fear of missing anything important in the letter, so he hurriedly opened the envelope again. The word "fear again" describes psychological nuances. This "about to open" detail is not so much to add a few words that I haven't had time to say, but to verify your doubts and concerns. The uncertainty of this "fear" actually prompted the poet to make a decision to "reopen" without thinking, which shows that he attaches great importance to this "meaningful" letter from home and deeply misses his loved ones-a thousand words, for fear of missing a sentence. Of course, not all the phenomena of "pedestrians breaking through the door" in life are typical and worth writing in poetry. Only when it is associated with a specific background and a specific psychological state can it show its typical significance. This poem, which is full of profound meaning in the autumn wind, was written with the details of "imminent, unsealed" under the condition of "endless fear", which itself contains the refinement and typification of life materials, rather than a simple description of life.
Poetry translation
The annual autumn wind has blown into Luoyang City again, urging me to write a letter to my family and communicate with my relatives. When the messenger was leaving, I opened the sealed envelope again and quickly added a few more words, but I was in a hurry.
Poetry appreciation
This is a homesick poem. Express homesickness by describing the feelings before and after writing a letter. Qiu Si.
The first sentence explains the reason of "The Writer's Book" ("Looking at Autumn Wind"), and the last three sentences describe the psychological activities before and after writing. Before writing a book, it is "full of meaning" and after writing a book, it is "endless fear". The detail of "opening the envelope" vividly shows the mentality of "endless fear of repetition" and integrates meaning and form. What is written is common to everyone, but not everyone can say it. As a guest in a foreign country, I miss my hometown when I see the autumn wind. Please send me a message. Afraid of missing something when I left, I quickly opened it and read it several times. Things are flat, and once they enter poetry, especially when a master like Zhang Ji enters poetry, it will become a wonderful place. This is not common in poetry. Of course, there are also many excellent works with letters from home as the theme in Tang poetry. For example, Cen Can's "On welcoming messengers to Beijing": "When you meet, you don't need paper and pencil, and you can report peace with your message." Writer Ma Jun, in my busy schedule, as an envoy of Lu Yu, sent comfort to Lu Yu's family. Du Fu's hope for spring: "After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold." The writer was trapped in Chang 'an under the occupation of An Shi Rebellion. I don't know if his home in the war was Anji, and I am eager to come to comfort me. They all expressed their homesickness with unique skills. The uniqueness of this poem lies in its depth, shallowness and softness in twists and turns. At first glance, it is just a few words, but it is full of profound meaning. Wang Anshi's poem entitled "Zhang" said: "It seems to be the most extraordinary, but in fact it is a piece of cake." It can quite tell the artistic style and creative bitterness of this poem. Poetry follows the autumn wind, which is a common technique since the Book of Songs. With the autumn wind, the wild geese fly north and south. They travel in other places, and it is easy to contact and think. For example, Liu Yuxi's "Autumn Wind" once said: "Autumn wind comes everywhere, and rustling sends geese. When I came to the court tree, the lone guest heard it first. " Let's look at the history of the poet again. It turns out that he is from Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), which reminds people of the story of Zhang. "Book of Jin, History of Han, Biography of Zhang" says: "Seeing the autumn wind, I miss Wuzhong leek, soup and perch, saying,' If you don't aspire to your life, how can you become famous after being detained for thousands of miles!'" "Then I drove home." And Hans Zhang Daitong, with all the officials to the north. Hans Zhang predicted that Sima Tong, the king of Qi, would make trouble, so he decided to abdicate. Zhang Ji may not have any political reasons, but when he saw the autumn wind, his thoughts about his hometown were very similar. Although he couldn't "drive home" immediately like Hans Zhang, he poured his homesickness on paper. This creative impulse to feel things is a feature of this poem. Although it uses the traditional "ascending" method, it contains such rich connotations. "If you want to be a writer, you are full of meaning", in which the word "desire" is closely related to "watching the autumn wind". It turns out that the poet's mood is calm, like a clear water. The autumn wind blew his emotional ripples. The writing is fluent, but at the end of the sentence, the word "heavy meaning" suddenly came back, just like calligraphy. Therefore, the poet's feelings here are not downstream, but deeper. This technology, seemingly ordinary, is actually extremely high. We played poetry carefully: the poet was homesick for the autumn wind and wanted to write a book, and I didn't know where to start with a thousand words. "Meaning is important", but using virtual reality. Liu Yuxi said in "Song of the Knife Ring": "Today, facing each other, the pulse is full of gravity." "Ten thousand centers of gravity" and "ten thousand meanings" are extremely complicated thoughts and feelings. Every reader with life experience can understand how much care there is. How to write this book because it is full of meaning? Did you write it? The author didn't make it clear for the reader to imagine, which is endless and thought-provoking. Although it's "very meaningful", I can't write it, but in terms of meaning, I wrote a letter from Zhang Ji's home.
The problem is that I am in a hurry to write, and I haven't finished it yet. The word "urgent" is vivid and picturesque, which not only describes one's own side, but also reflects the sender's side. As can be seen from the following, the messenger met him immediately during the trip: he may be about to get on the horse and board the ship. Even if it's not as urgent as Cen Can's "meeting at once" in Beijing, he's still anxious for a long time. As the messenger is in such a hurry, the writer has to write quickly. It's difficult to express the ideas in a hurry. In this logical description, the poet's eagerness and haste are as vivid as they are now. The word "inexhaustible" also closely echoes the above-mentioned "heavy meaning", because it is "inexhaustible" and "heavy meaning" is also related to the homesickness caused by "seeing the autumn wind". Huang Shucan's Notes on Tang Poetry says: "The meaning of the first sentence has been generally seen, and the official letter is inexhaustible." When pedestrians come, Kaifeng opens, which is even more wonderful. Think about how to connect the second half of this song, and you will know that the first sentence is difficult to write. "Explain that the beginning of the second half of the poem and the beginning of the whole poem are closely linked. The conclusion of the sentence is even more ingenious and can be called a warning strategy. Yu Biyun nearby commented: "I wrote a book, but I can't talk for a long time. I am about to open, and I am homesick. " He added: "This kind of poetry is all about sex." The so-called "ultimate language" is to write the most sincere feelings of human beings and reach the extreme. Structurally, the last sentence says "I can't talk about it in a hurry" and the next sentence says "I'm going to open it soon", which makes the atmosphere of "hurry" full.