Sun
1. Origin of the Sun family
The first branch comes from the surname Ji. In 1046 BC, King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty and granted his younger brother Ji the title of Marquis of Kang. He was known as Uncle Kang in history. After King Wu of Zhou died and King Cheng of Zhou was young, the three eunuchs joined forces with King Wu Geng of Yin to rebel, which was put down by Zhou Gongdan, the fourth brother of King Wu of Zhou. Uncle Kang was granted the title Huaihou for his meritorious service in sending troops to quell Wu Geng's rebellion. King Cheng of Zhou appointed Uncle Kang as his commander and gave him treasured sacrificial utensils in order to move Uncle Kang to Wei. After Uncle Kang's death, King Zhou Cheng officially granted Uncle Kang's grandson Kaobo the title of Marquis of Wei. The ancient city was located in Chaoge City, northeast of Qi County in northern Henan Province. Therefore, Uncle Kang was called Wei Kangshu in history, which was a posthumous name. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Wu of Wei assisted Zhou in conquering the Xirong and was granted the title of Duke by King Ping of Zhou. Huisun, the son of Wei Wugong, and Wu Zhongyi, Huisun's grandson, took the name of his grandfather as their surname. This Ji surname Sun has a history of at least more than 2,700 years.
The second branch comes from the surname Mi. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, Jiang Jia, the grandson of Chu King Jumao, and Jiang Aila, the son of Jiang Jia, also called Sun Shu'ao, and Sun Shu was his given name. He served as the Ling Yin of King Zhuang of Chu, and his descendants took his given name as their surname. Sun Shuao lived in Qisi, southeast of present-day Huaibin, Henan. This Mi family with the surname Sun also has a history of 2,600 years.
The third branch comes from the surname Gui. In 1046 BC, the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty, and King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty granted Guiman, a direct descendant of Shang Jun, to Chen. In 672 BC, Chen Wan, the son of Chen Ligong, fled to Qi State and changed the Chen family name to the Tian family name. During the reign of Qi Jinggong (reigned from 547 BC to 490 BC), the fifth generation of Chen Wan was the grandson of Tian Huanzi, also known as Qi official Tian Wuyu. His son Tian Shu had meritorious service in cutting down Ju. Qi Jinggong granted Tian Shu to Le'an. The ancient city was located in present-day Shandong Province to benefit the people. And given the surname Sun. This surname Sun also has a history of more than 2,500 years.
The fourth bloodline surname. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, the imperial court was in chaos, King Zhou was infatuated, and King Zhou's uncle Bigan, a wise minister of the Shang Dynasty, was killed for his direct advice. The descendants took refuge and changed their surnames. One of them took the surname Sun because they were descendants of the royal family. The surname Sun also has a history of more than 3,000 years.
The fifth group comes from foreign surnames and surname changes from ethnic minorities. The most important events where other surnames were changed to Sun are: the descendants of the famous Warring States scholar Xunzi changed their surname to Sun during the Western Han Dynasty to avoid the name taboo of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty; Sun Jian's tribe changed Yu He's surname to Sun. The main ethnic minorities using the Sun surname include: the Khitan people in the Tang Dynasty; After long-term mixing with the Han people, most of these foreign nationalities were assimilated into the Han surname.
2. Migration Distribution
Since the surname Sun was established in the late Shang and early Zhou dynasties, it has been active in Henan and Shandong. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Sun family with the surname Ji had been hereditary as the Shangqing of the Wei State, and had overwhelming power over the country. The Sun family developed rapidly in the Henan area. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Sun family fell out of favor in the Wei State and moved north to the Jin State. The Sun family with the surname Gui, which originated in Shandong, developed vigorously, especially during the Warring States Period. Sun Wu, a famous military strategist, was born. His son Sun Ming was granted the title of Marquis of Fuchun due to his father's merits. The fiefdom was in Fuyang, Zhejiang today, forming the Sun family. The famous southern county of Wangwu County. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Sun surname of Gui became the main force of the Sun surname in the country, expanding from Shandong to Taiyuan, Shanxi in the west, southern Zhejiang in the south, and Hubei in the southwest. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Jian and his son established the State of Wu in the south of the Yangtze River, and the development of the Sun family reached its peak. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Sun family in the north, the Central Plains and the south of the Yangtze River developed rapidly, and a number of famous Sun families emerged. By the Tang and Song Dynasties, the surname Sun had spread all over the country and all over the world. Among the "Hundred Family Surnames" formed in the Song Dynasty, the first one is Zhao Qian and Sun Li, which shows the social status and influence of the Sun surname. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Sun surname also entered Taiwan.
During the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD), there were approximately 1.05 million people with the surname Sun, accounting for approximately 1.35% of the country's population. It was the eleventh most common surname in the Song Dynasty. The province with the largest number of people with the surname Sun is Anhui, accounting for approximately 11.8% of the total population with the surname Sun in the country and 2.8% of the total population in Anhui. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Anhui, Henan, Shandong, and Jiangsu. These four provinces account for about 44% of the total population of the Sun surname in the country; secondly, they are distributed in Jiangxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Hunan, and Hubei. There are 44 more people named Sun. A layout with Sun surnames as the main force in the north of the Yangtze River, Anhui, Henan, Lu and Su, and the Yangtze River Basin are two concentrated areas with Sun surnames.
During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD), there were about 1.19 million people with the surname Sun, accounting for about 1.28% of the country's population. It was the fourteenth most common surname in the Ming Dynasty.
In the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, the net population growth rate in the past 600 years was 20%. The growth rate of the Sun population was lower than that of the national population. In the past 600 years, the net growth rate of the Sun population was only 13%, a net increase of 140,000. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Zhejiang (20.8), Shandong (14.5), Jiangsu (13), and Jiangxi (11.9). These four provinces account for about 60% of the total population with the surname Sun; the second distribution In Shaanxi (6.7), Hebei (5.8), Anhui (5.6), Shanxi (5.6), and Henan (5.1), there are 29 more Sun surnames in these five provinces. Zhejiang is the province with the largest number of people with the surname Sun, accounting for 1.6 of the total population in Zhejiang. During the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, the general distribution pattern of Sun's surname changed greatly, and its population mainly migrated to the southeast and eastern regions, while the population of Sun's surname shrank in the Central Plains. The country has re-formed two large Sun population gathering areas in Zhejiang, Gansu and Lusu, and the center of gravity of the Sun population has begun to move eastward.
The contemporary population with the surname Sun has reached 18.48 million, making it the twelfth most common surname in the country, accounting for approximately 1.54% of the country's population. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population with the surname Zhongsun has surged from 1.19 million to 18.48 million, an increase of nearly 16 times. The average population of the Ming Dynasty was close to 93 million. The current population is 1.2 billion, a 13-fold increase. The population with the surname Sun is increasing faster than the national population. In the past 1,000 years, the growth rate of the population with the surname Sun has been in a "V" shape. The distribution in the country is currently mainly concentrated in Shandong and Henan provinces, accounting for about 28% of the total population with the surname Sun; followed by Anhui, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, and Jilin, with a further 42% concentrated in these six provinces. Shandong is the largest province with the surname Sun today, with 16.9% of the total population living with the surname Sun, accounting for 3.3% of the total population of the province. The provinces with the highest population ratio are Heilongjiang (3.5) and Jilin (3.4). With the Yangtze River as the watershed, the Sun surname shows a distribution pattern with more people in the north and less in the south, forming a Sun surname distribution belt connecting the coastal provinces of East China and the three northeastern provinces. During the last 600 years, the degree and direction of population flow with the surname Sun were very different from those during the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties. It was characterized by a strong return migration from the southeast to central and northern China. At the same time, there was a rise in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. A large number of people with the surname Sun immigrated to the Northeast.
3. Jun Wangtang No.
Tang No.]
"Pingzhi Hall": Because Sun Shuao governed the Chu State so that the people were rich and the country was strong.
"Le'an Hall": Tian Shu was granted the title of Le'an because of his meritorious service in defeating Ju.
"Fuchuntang": The great military strategist Sun Wu brought his 13 pieces of art of war to the King of Wu, and the King of Wu used him as a general. He led troops to defeat the powerful Chu in the west, and Wei Qi and Lu in the north, with great military exploits. King Wu granted him the title of Fuchun, because he was called Fuchun Hall and had the same clan as Le'an Hall.
"Yingxue Hall": During the Jin Dynasty, Sun Kang, the imperial censor, was poor when he was a child and could not afford oil to light a lamp. It snowed heavily in the winter. He read in the yard against the snow light and finally became a master. Got a name.
Jun Wang
Ji Jun: Jin established a county. This branch of the Sun family is where the Sun family has lived for generations, and where the clan of Sun Deng, a famous hermit in Jin Dynasty, is located.
Chenliu County: a county established in the Western Han Dynasty. The place of governance is Chenliu.
Taiyuan County: The county was established during the Warring States Period during the reign of King Zhuangxiang of Qin Dynasty. This branch of the Sun family is a branch of the Fuchun Sun family, and its founder is Sun Fu, the 11th generation of Sun Ming.
Le'an County: a county established in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This branch of the Sun family is the clan of Sun Wu, the sage of military strategists.
Fuchun County: Qin established the county. This Sun family is a branch of the Sun family in Le'an, and its founder is Sun Ming, the second son of Sun Wu.
4. Historical Celebrities
Sun Yang: A native of the Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, he was the first person named Sun to appear in history books. He was famous for being good at looking at horses, and later generations also became known as " The two words "Bole" represent a person's knowledge of others.
Sun Wu: A great military strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period and a native of Qi State, he applied the principle of the mutual reinforcement and restraint of the five elements and compiled it into "The Art of War", which became a grand military ceremony with guiding significance for wars at that time and even in the future.
Sun Bin: A military strategist of the Qi State during the Warring States Period and a descendant of Sun Wu. He was assassinated by Pang Juan and tortured, so he was called Sun Bin and wrote "Sun Bin's Art of War". At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Jian (father of Sun Quan), the governor of Changsha.
Sun Quan (182-252) was a native of Fuchun, Wu County (now Fuyang County, Hangzhou City). Sun Quan, courtesy name Zhongmou, was the founder of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period. After reigning for twenty-two years, the six counties in Jiangdong were able to enjoy a relatively stable situation and the people were able to recuperate and recuperate.
He attached great importance to agriculture, established agricultural officials, rewarded farmers, built water conservancy projects, and established counties in the Shanyue area to develop politics, economy, and culture. He sent his generals Wei Wen and Zhuge to lead tens of thousands of soldiers across the sea to develop Taiwan, opening up the connection between the mainland and the island. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Quan's stepbrother Sun Ce occupied six counties in Jiangdong. In the fifth year of Jian'an (200 years) of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao asked Sun Quan to be granted the title of general against captives and prefect of Kuaiji. He stationed himself in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and used this as a base to gradually recruit talents and develop his power. In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208), he and Liu Bei jointly defeated Cao Cao in Chibi. In the 19th year of Jian'an, Liu Bei conquered Shu, Sun Quan allied with Shu Han in the west, and resisted Cao Wei in the north, forming a situation in which the world was divided into three parts. In the 24th year of Jian'an, Sun Quan defeated Guan Yu and attacked the people of Jingzhou. He was appointed General of Hussars, Mud of Jingzhou, and was granted the title of Marquis of Nanchang. In the 25th year of Jian'an, Cao Cao died. Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, sent envoys to appease Sun Quan, and named him King of Wu. In the first year of Huangwu (222 years), Wu Shu defeated Liu Bei in the battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), he proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang (now Echeng, Hubei Province), and his country was named Wu. Soon, the capital was moved to Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). From now on, there will be peace and war with Shu and Wei. During his reign, he changed his reign four times, including Huanglong, Jiale, Chiwu, and Taiyuan. He died at the age of seventy-one and was posthumously named Emperor Wu.
Sun Yan, a classics scholar and exegesis expert in Wei Dynasty.
Sun Chu, a writer of the Western Jin Dynasty, and Sun Kang, a famous scholar.
Eastern Jin Dynasty writer Sun Chuo and atheist Sun Sheng.
Sun Simiao (581-682) was originally from Jing Zhaohua in Tang Dynasty. He studied medicine due to illness when he was young, and he was well versed in hundreds of schools of thought in classics and history. He was good at talking about Lao Zhuang and Zhuangzi, and he was also familiar with Buddhist scriptures. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty tried to call him a doctor of the country, but refused to worship him. When Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty summoned him to the capital, he was already old and wanted to be appointed, but he refused. Emperor Gaozong summoned him again in Xianqing to pay homage to the officials. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, he claimed that he was ill and returned to the mountain. Collecting medicines to treat diseases, rich and poor, high and low, all treated equally, and later generations were called "Kings of Medicine". He is the author of "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions" and "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions".
The calligrapher Sun Guoting and the painter Sun Wei of the Tang Dynasty.
After the Five Dynasties, the famous Zhou general Sun Fangjian and the poet Sun Guangxian.
Northern Song Dynasty classics scholar Sun Shi and famous scholar Sun Fu.
Ming Dynasty ministers Sun Chengzong and Sun Chuanting.
Sun Cun: (1491-1547) was born in Chuzhou in the Ming Dynasty, with the courtesy name Xingfu and the nickname Fengshan. He was a Jinshi in the 9th year of Zhengde. He was appointed as the chief painter of the Ministry of Rites and served as the chief envoy of Henan Province. He was proficient in official administration and tasted it. The full text of the code, followed by the "Da Gao", "Huidian" and other texts related to the law, is accompanied by regulations, annotations and cases from various schools, and is compiled into a book called "The Reading of the Code of the Ming Dynasty". Gong calligraphy. There are "Yuelu Academy Illustrated Records" and "Fengshan Collection".
Sun Yunqiu: An optical instrument manufacturer during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, he created 70 kinds of optical instruments such as observation micromirrors and night mirrors. He was the first independent manufacturer of telescopes among Chinese people.
Sun Qifeng (1584--1675) was a scholar during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The courtesy name is Qitai, and the other is Zhongyuan. He is known as Mr. Xia Feng in the world. A native of Rongcheng, Zhili (now part of Hebei Province). Wanli Juren. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he lived in seclusion and was not an official. Together with Huang Zongxi and Li Yong, they are also known as the three great Confucians. Mechanics "takes Shendu as its sect, with?
The Sun surname is also a surname with a long history, a long history and many branches. It ranked third in "Hundred Family Surnames" compiled by the Song Dynasty, and is the third largest surname in China today. 12 major surnames. The origins of the Sun surname mainly include the following six branches:
It comes from the surname Ji, one of the eight major surnames in ancient times. Wei Kangshu was the eighth son of King Wen of Zhou BC. In 1055, Zhou Gong Ji Dan put down Wu Geng's rebellion, named Kang Shu in Wei (today's Chaoge, Qixian County, Henan Province), and established Wei State. Kang Shu ruled the area well and soon changed the Yin capital of the Shang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn Period, his eighth grandson Ji He was given the title of duke by King Ping of Zhou Dynasty because of his meritorious service in defeating Xirong. He was named Wei Wugong in history and had a son named Huisun. , Huisun's grandson was named Yi, and his surname was Wu Zhong. Therefore, Wu Zhong was also called Sun Zhong, and his descendants took Sun as their surname.
It originated from the Spring and Autumn Period. , a descendant of Sun Shu'ao, the commander of the Chu State, whose surname was Sun Shu. The surname is the descendant of Emperor Shun. Emperor Shun once lived in Gui, so he took the surname Gui and became one of the eight ancient surnames. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu found Sun Jingzhong, a descendant of Shun, and sealed him in Chen. He was called Chen Jingzhong. The fourth generation of Jingzhong gave birth to a son with no name, and he was an official in Qi State. Because of his merits in conquering Ju, Qi Jinggong gave him the surname Sun, and he settled in Le'an. Later, there was civil strife in Qi, and Sun Shu's descendants fled. Going to the Kingdom of Wu, "Sun Wu was the general of Wu, and he was the one who followed him.
"The surname Sun lived in Fuchun for generations. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Sun Quan became the great emperor of Wu.
Comes from the compound surname Hou. According to the "Book of Han": "Xia Houying served in the army for Teng's order and was named Teng Gong. , his great-grandson Po Shangzhu, the master took the maiden name of Princess Sun, so the descendants of Teng Gong also have the Sun surname. "Comes from the surname Zi, who is a descendant of King Tang, the founding king of the Shang Dynasty. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Prince Bigan, the prime minister of Yin, was killed by King Zhou. His descendants took refuge and concealed their surname. Because they were originally descendants of the royal family, they changed it to Sun. The surname Sun was also derived from the surname Xun, who was a descendant of Xunzi, a famous scholar in the Warring States Period. Xunzi was named Xunqing at that time, and his descendants were named Xunxun because of the same pronunciation. , the surname of Xun in the world was changed to Sun. Later, some of the Sun surnames did not return to their ancestral surnames, so they became a branch of the Sun surname.
During the Tang Dynasty, the Sun family from the Central Plains immigrated to Fujian twice.
During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, when Chen Zheng and Chen Yuanguang, father and son from Gushi, entered Fujian to open up Zhangzhou, the Sun clan from Henan followed them and settled there. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Chao and Wang Shen from the Sun clan from Henan accompanied them. Zhi entered Fujian and settled in Fujian.
According to records, there was a Sun family who lived in Chenliu, Henan. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, this Sun family served as the governor of Zhongshu and Liangzhe. His son was named Sun Li, who was very talented in literature and military strategy. At that time, a peasant uprising led by Huang Chao broke out. Sun Li was selected by the court as a hundred generals and led troops to fight in Fujian, Yue, and Jiangyou, and achieved military exploits. He was named Dongpinghou, and he and his family settled in Qianhua County, Qianzhou (today's Ningdu, Jiangxi). His descendants moved to Fujian and Guangdong, and during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, this branch of the Sun clan moved to Cui, Xiangshan County, Guangdong. Hengcun. Later, the great revolutionary pioneer Sun Yat-sen came out.
According to historical records, in the late Tang Dynasty, the Sun clan moved from Guangzhou, Henan (today's Huangchuan, Henan) to the Sun clan capital in Taiwan. They migrated from Quanzhou, Fujian.
The Sun family is widely distributed in China, and there are also Chinese people with the surname Sun in many overseas countries.