Teaching objectives
1. Cognition: Understanding the dialectical relationship between practice and cognition. Understanding and improving life development ability must achieve the unity of knowing and doing.
2. Emotional attitude concept: Enhance students' recognition of the philosophical principle of unity of knowing and doing, make secondary vocational school students pay attention to practice, be good at summing up, study hard, and advocate improving their life development ability in the process of unity of knowing and doing.
3. application: through teaching, help students to explore and summarize the lessons of success and failure in the process of life development in a timely manner in the practice of study and life. Learn to be guided by Marxist epistemology and constantly improve the ability of life development.
teaching emphasis
1. the basic viewpoints and methods of dialectical materialism's view of unity of knowing and doing.
2. Experience success in the unity of knowing and doing.
Teaching difficulties
1. Treat success and failure correctly. 2. Experience success in the unity of knowing and doing.
teaching methods
case teaching method, questioning inquiry method, teaching method, discussion method, etc.
multimedia courseware of teaching methods.
class hours will be 2 hours.
Teaching process
Creating an environment to stimulate interest
The teacher plays a song: Start all over again
"All the honors of yesterday have become distant memories. Diligence and hardship have spent half of their lives, and today they have entered the storm again. "
"If the heart is there, the dream is there, and there is true love between heaven and earth. Look at success or failure, life is heroic, just start all over again ... "
This song tells us to keep a good attitude in the face of success or failure on the road of life, just as the lyrics say," Look at success or failure, life is heroic, just start all over again ".
Question:
Why do you inevitably encounter failures and setbacks in your life?
how should we improve our life development ability and achieve success in life?
Taking songs as the breakthrough point, we should set touching situations, arouse students' interest in participating in the classroom, guide students to think about the connotation of songs and discuss problems while enjoying them, and conclude that life development can't always be satisfactory everywhere. When we encounter failures, setbacks or fall into a trough, we should look at success or failure objectively, sum up the gains and losses carefully, and on this basis, we will surely achieve success on the road of life. In this way, we can introduce the study of new courses.
Students ponder and answer questions in the songs.
First, adhere to the unity of practice and understanding (writing on the blackboard)
1. Practice is the basis of understanding, and practice produces true knowledge (writing on the blackboard)
Because this problem is theoretical, it is difficult for students to understand, so this part of the content can be mainly explained by teachers and give full play to their guiding role. Students are easy to doubt the practical connotation, and teachers can explain it with the help of image pictures and vivid cartoons in teaching.
material 1: a set of pictures of various types of practice
question: combine the contents reflected in the above pictures and talk about your views on "practice makes true knowledge".
material 2: cartoon "blank"
question: can you write a good cooking article without cooking practice?
Teachers and students can interpret all kinds of practical pictures together to help students understand that practice is a material activity for people to transform the objective world, and practice is the basis of understanding. Analyze the cartoon "blank scroll" and guide students to realize that they can't write a good cooking article without cooking practice. Explain that practice makes true knowledge, and practice is the only source of knowledge; The development of practice promotes the development of cognition.
students watch pictures and cartoons of courseware, think deeply and explore problems.
2. A correct understanding formed on the basis of practice can better guide practice (writing on the blackboard)
Teachers finally form a correct understanding through the discovery, development and perfection of electromagnetic theory, and illustrate the dialectical relationship between practice and understanding by providing scientific guidance for human society and life.
material: pictures of Faraday, Hertz and Maxwell, the founders of electromagnetic theory.
People invented wireless telegraph, telephone, television, satellite remote sensing technology and modern Internet technology according to the electromagnetic theory founded by scientists such as Faraday, Hertz and Maxwell, which greatly changed people's lifestyle. For another example, according to the law of universal gravitation and the theory of cosmic speed, people sent artificial earth satellites, spaceships and space shuttles into space, which made great contributions to human exploration of the mysteries of the universe.
By analyzing materials, help students understand that knowledge is generated and developed in practice, and return to practice to guide practice. The correct understanding formed on the basis of practice can effectively guide practice. It shows that the correct understanding formed on the basis of practice can better guide practice. In order to help students understand the relationship between practice and cognition.
Students read materials, exchange discussions and understand philosophical principles.
3. Understanding is a process that is repeated and deepened on the basis of practice (blackboard writing)
Teachers and students * * * read the example of "from sheep blood transfusion to human blood transfusion" on page 66 of the materials and textbooks of Li Shizhen, the drug god, to help students understand and understand that understanding is a process that is repeated and deepened on the basis of practice.
Material 1: Compendium of Materia Medica is a scientific masterpiece written by Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in Ming Dynasty. In more than 2 years, he not only read more than 8 books, but also accumulated tens of millions of words of notes, and went through all kinds of hardships to personally collect drug specimens and folk prescriptions and prescriptions. The book * * * collects 1892 kinds of drugs and more than 11 prescriptions. It is through his own personal practice and study that the 52-volume magnificent masterpiece has accumulated all kinds of drugs and prescriptions. Therefore, Li Shizhen was honored as "God of Medicine" by later generations.
Question: What is the process of understanding reflected in the successful case of "Medicine God"?
material 2: the case of "from sheep blood transfusion to human blood transfusion" on page 66 of the textbook
this case shows that people's correct understanding of things often needs to be repeated from practice to understanding, and then from understanding to practice.
Based on the examples, the teacher, through the analysis and explanation of these two materials, induced the students to think and summarized the dialectical materialist concept of unity of knowing and doing: practice, cognition, re-practice and re-cognition. This form is endless, and the content process of each cycle from practice and cognition has reached a higher level.
4. Practice and cognition are dialectical unity, and the combination of cognition and practice is a basic principle of Marxism (writing on the blackboard)
Through the cartoons on page 67 of the textbook and the idioms and allusions on paper, students are guided to think with questions and draw conclusions through analysis.
Material 1: Comics on page 67 of the textbook
Question: Who do you agree with? Why?
Material 2: According to Records of the Historian, during the Warring States Period, Zhao She, a general of the State of Zhao, had a son named Zhao Kuo. Since childhood, he was familiar with the art of war and loved to talk about military affairs. People often couldn't beat him. He is so arrogant that he thinks he is invincible in the world. Zhao She, however, was very worried about him, thinking that he was just an armchair strategist. Sure enough, in 259 BC, Qin Jun pounced, with Lian Po as commander in chief, and Qin Jun could hardly win. So the king of Qin used the double agent, and the prince of Zhao was deceived and sent Zhao Kuo instead of Lian Po. Zhao Kuo, however, copied the articles in the art of war, and as a result, more than 4, Zhao troops were annihilated, and he himself was shot dead by Qin Jun.
Question: Through the example of Zhao Kuo who was familiar with the art of war but lost the battle, it shows the importance of persisting in practice and understanding unity.
through this set of materials, teachers and students discuss the setting problem together, which shows that the relationship between practice and understanding cannot be separated. The basic principle of the unity of Marxist knowledge and practice requires that we not only actively participate in social practice, but also constantly sum up and reflect in practice to improve our understanding.
second, improve the ability of life development in the unity of knowing and doing (writing on the blackboard)
1. Improving the ability of life development plays an important role in realizing a successful life (writing on the blackboard)
The teacher starts with the story of Qi Baishi's painting, and explains the philosophical truth from the superficial to the deep.
material: qi Baishi is a modern painter and seal engraver in China. But he used to be a woodcutter who only studied painting and seal cutting in his spare time. At the age of 27, his life took a major turning point. One day during the Spring Festival in 1889, a local painter gave Qi Baishi a painting topic to finish. After it was finished, Mr. Hu Qinyuan, a scholar who knows piano, chess, calligraphy, poetry and songs nearby and likes to make friends, was very surprised and accepted Qi Baishi as his apprentice. He taught Qi Baishi to read Tang and Song poems and guided him to read books. Qi Baishi cherishes this opportunity very much and often reads late into the night. After studying hard, Qi Baishi memorized 3 Tang poems, studied many ancient texts and browsed many classic works. His poems are also unique, with the charm of Tang style and Song bone. Hu Qinyuan taught Qi Baishi from the basic skills of "conception" and "pen", and also lent him his ancient and modern famous paintings to watch. Qi Baishi's eyes were wide open. He tried to figure out the works of the "Eight Mountain People", and he was impressed by the wonderful brushwork. He learned from the strengths of a hundred schools of thought, and his painting skills advanced by leaps and bounds. In less than a year, he mastered the basic painting methods and skills of mountains, water, people, things, flowers and birds.
under the teacher's example, he practiced calligraphy and engraving hard. In just a few years, Qi Baishi has made amazing achievements in painting, seal cutting, poetry chanting, calligraphy and mounting, and has become a world-famous painter and calligrapher.
Thanks to Qi Baishi's unremitting efforts, he constantly improved his development ability, and finally transformed himself from an ordinary carver to a world-famous painter and calligrapher.
Teachers can let students talk about Qi Baishi's experience in learning painting stories. It shows that on the road of life development, as long as everyone constantly reflects on and improves their development ability in practice, dares to practice, works hard and perseveres, they will eventually achieve success on the road of life development like Qi Baishi.
Students read stories, talk about experiences and think about philosophical truth.
2. The abilities of life development are constantly improved in the process of practice and understanding (blackboard writing)
Material 1: Example of Kong Xiangrui, a "blue-collar expert" on page 69 of the textbook
Question: How does Kong Xiangrui constantly improve his life development ability in the unity of knowing and doing?
Material 2: Edison, an American inventor, is the child of a railway worker. He dropped out of school before finishing primary school and sold newspapers on the train for a living. Edison is an extremely diligent person, who likes to do all kinds of experiments and make many ingenious machines. He was particularly interested in electrical appliances. Since Faraday invented the motor, Edison was determined to make electric lights and bring light to mankind. Edison made a detailed test plan after carefully summing up the previous failure experience in manufacturing electric lamps, and carried out experiments in two aspects: one was to classify and test more than 1,6 different heat-resistant materials; The second is to improve the evacuation equipment to make the bulb have a high vacuum degree. He also studied new generators and circuit shunt systems.
Edison tested more than 1,6 kinds of heat-resistant luminescent materials one by one. Only platinum wire has good performance, but platinum is surprisingly expensive. We must find a more suitable material to replace it. In 1879, after several experiments, Edison finally decided to use carbon wire as the filament. He sprinkled a piece of cotton silk with carbon powder, bent it into a horseshoe shape, put it in a crucible for heating, made it into a filament, put it in a light bulb, and then pumped the air out of the light bulb with an air extractor. When the light came on, it could be used continuously for 45 hours. In this way, the world's first batch of carbon filament incandescent lamps came out.
Question: The story of Edison's invention of electric light inspires us how to improve our abilities in life development.
The success of Kong Xiangrui, a "blue-collar expert", and Edison, the inventor, fully shows that the abilities of life development are constantly improved through practice and understanding. Only by constantly learning in practice and unifying knowledge and practice can we continuously improve and succeed.
Students read the materials, think, discuss and summarize the questions.
3. To improve the ability of life development, it is necessary to achieve the unity of knowing and doing (writing on the blackboard)
Combining the above examples of successful people such as Li Shizhen, Qi Baishi, Edison and Kong Xiangrui, it shows that every successful person keeps learning in practice and achieves the unity of knowing and doing. In the process of unifying knowledge and action, we should pay attention to the fact that knowledge and action cannot be separated, knowing without action, and knowing without action will lose its meaning; Acting under the guidance of knowledge, acting without knowing, is reckless, and the effect is bound to be affected.
3. Success and failure are accompanied by the development of life (blackboard writing)
1. Success and failure are interdependent and mutually transformed (blackboard writing)
Teachers make students understand a truth by listing a group of famous people's materials from failure to success: failure is the normal state on the road of life, and everyone will experience countless failures in his life. We should treat failure with a good attitude and understand that failure and success are interdependent and mutually transformed.
Material:
Pu Songling-Luodi-Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio
Edison-more than 8, failures-light bulb
Yuan Longping-countless failures-the father of hybrid rice
Question:
1. Do you know any famous people who have experienced failure stories on the road to success?
2. Tell me about your own experience of failure and success.
Correctly treating success and failure is the teaching difficulty of this class. In actual teaching, teachers can introduce topics from the cases of celebrities from failure to success, inspire students to learn to dialectically treat the relationship between success and failure, and then guide students to tell their own successful cases from far to near, and initially try to analyze and solve their own practical problems with philosophical principles.
2. Have a correct attitude towards success and failure (blackboard writing)
The teacher first shows a cartoon to show people's different attitudes towards failure, and asks students to talk about their attitudes towards failure through questions; Then help students form a correct attitude towards success and failure through a group of famous sayings that celebrities face failure correctly.
material 1: cartoons-they treat failure like this
question: how did you face success and failure?
Material 2:
Strive for happiness and realize dreams, even if you fail, you will not regret this life. Because after all, I tried and acted.
-Beethoven
Failure is also what I need. It is as valuable to me as success. Only when I know all the ways to do a good job, do I know what the way to do a good job is.
-Edison
did not sow, how could he reap; No hard work, no success; There is no glory without suffering; Without setbacks, there is no glory.
-Payne
Question: What attitude will you take towards success and failure?
Through the analysis of cartoons and the interpretation of famous sayings, teachers and students discuss and summarize the correct attitudes and practices in dealing with failure and success: failure-facing up-admitting-analyzing-excluding-success-analyzing-striving-failure or new success ..... and give inspirational education to students with Mencius' Born in Worry, Died in Happiness.
material 3: therefore, heaven will demote a great responsibility to a human being, so he must first suffer from his mind, work hard on his bones and muscles, starve his body and skin, be empty of his body, and do whatever he does, so he is tempted to endure his actions, which has benefited him. People are constant, and then they can change. Trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made. Sign in color, hair in sound, and then metaphor. A country, if there is no minister in the country and the wise men who are enough to help the king, there is often the danger of collapse in a neighbouring country that is not matched by a foreign country and a scourge from abroad. Then I know that I was born in sorrow and died in happiness. -Mencius: Born in Worry and Died in Happiness
3. Correctly treat failures on the road of life development and learn to turn failures into the mother of success (blackboard writing)
Teachers select real job-hunting cases from the life of secondary vocational students to help students learn to use philosophical thinking to solve practical problems.