When Cao Cao was alive, the official was the prime minister, and the Lord was Wang Wei and King Wu of posthumous title. After his son Cao Pi usurped the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Taizu.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. In the name of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Cao Cao conquered all directions, wiped out the separatist forces such as Er Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Ma Chao and Han Sui at home, surrendered the southern Xiongnu, Wu Huan and Xianbei abroad, unified the northern part of China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order.
Expand land reclamation, build water conservancy projects, reward agriculture and mulberry, attach importance to handicrafts, resettle refugees, and implement "rent modulation", so as to gradually stabilize the Central Plains society and improve the economy. ?
Under Cao Cao's rule, the politics of the Yellow River valley gradually became clear, the economy gradually recovered, the class oppression was slightly alleviated, and the social atmosphere improved. Some measures taken by Cao Cao in the name of Han have positive effects.
Cao Cao is proficient in the art of war militarily and attaches importance to talents and talents. Therefore, he took a fancy to his potential molecules at all costs. He is good at writing poems, expressing his political ambitions and reflecting the miserable life of the people in the late Han Dynasty. He is magnificent, generous and sad.
Prose is also neat, which opens and prospers Jian 'an literature and leaves precious spiritual wealth to future generations. Lu Xun rated him as "the founder of reforming articles". At the same time, Cao Cao is also good at calligraphy, and Zhang Huaiguan in the Tang Dynasty rated Cao Cao's Cao Zhang as a "wonderful work" in "The Story".
Extended data:
First, personality
Cao Cao is clever and capable, but also very cunning. At first, his reputation was not obvious, but many people were optimistic about Cao Cao's talent. For example, Chen Shou's "suppression can be described as a rare man" and Xu Shao's "being a son of the world and a traitor in troubled times" all clearly stated that Cao Cao's talent is not superior to ordinary people.
There are also many people who look down on Cao Cao's character. Sun Sheng said: Wei Wu lost his political punishment.
It is easy to say "openly breaking ordinary prisons" and "taking measures to abolish them directly" Ordinary prisons are clear, and the country has no complaints, while straight prisons have no complaints. Without the drifting sound of the green fly, the whole world can tolerate it, but only if it is clear. Xiao He was imprisoned in the past, so this is one of your responsibilities. Unfortunately, we always have to look at it and take it to heart.
Cao Cao has a strict personality, dislikes his official position and is often accused by him. Among them, only He Kui often carries poison, determined that if he was scolded by the staff, he would rather die than humiliate himself. He Kui didn't suffer the rod punishment after all.
Cao Cao was suspicious by nature, and almost all the people who offended him were killed by him, such as Cui Yan, Xu You, Lou Gui, Kong Rong, Yang Xiu, Hua Tuo, Bian Rang, Huan Shao, Liu Xun and others, and Zhao Yan, who wanted to get close to Emperor Han Xian, was also killed.
Even if there is no mistake, Cao Cao will kill him as long as he is threatened. Zhou Buyi, a child prodigy, is the best example. Zhang Xiu died eight years after he defected to Cao Cao. Otherwise, it is generally believed that if Zhang Xiu lived long enough, he would be wiped out by Cao Cao sooner or later. Counselor Yu Xun was also jealous because he opposed Cao Cao's calling Duke Wei.
Cao Cao's character has two sides. From Let the County Know the Truth, we can see that Cao Cao has political wisdom and temperament. Such a programmatic document with important political significance uses a very simple language style, and his will rarely mentions his political career, and a lot of space is used to arrange trivial housework.
Although Su Dongpo once commented that "I have been a traitor all my life, I will see the truth when I die", but "only heroes are real and celebrities who really love themselves" shows their temperament. On the other hand, he is also a cunning man. He showed his loyalty to the Han Dynasty by "letting the princess know his story", but his actual actions were completely different. The same example shows the different personalities of Cao Cao.
Cao Cao is well versed in the art of war, and his strategy and tactics are comfortable. He often uses tactics to deal with a series of wars between heroes in order to win. Cao Cao even commented on the Art of War written by Sun Wu (Sun Tzu).
Cao Cao is good at martial arts and fencing. During the mutiny, he killed dozens of mutinous soldiers with his sword before he escaped. Even when he was found sneaking into Zhang Rang's house, Cao Cao could escape waving a halberd. Cao Cao also faced troubled times with an ambitious attitude. For example, his welcome to Liu Xie represented his control of the general trend of the Han Dynasty, which made Liu Xie, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, have no power.
Cao Cao is also a cruel man, who often kills cities, so Cao Cao is not soft in killing people. He killed the foot soldiers and the queen in 2 14, and the two princes he gave birth to were also poisoned by poisoned wine. More than 100 people of the Fu clan were also executed, and Dong Guiren, who was pregnant, was not spared. Cao Cao overworked the people, so that sometimes uprisings broke out.
Cao Cao has many wives and concubines, but it is not without standards in marrying and concubinage. And most celebrities remarried from other places. When Zhang Xiu surrendered, Zhang Xiu's aunt was allowed to enter the wing room, which caused Zhang Xiu's dissatisfaction. When Cao Cao knew this, he wanted to kill Zhang Xiu. However, due to the leakage of the plan, Zhang Xiu mutinied, and his eldest son Cao Ang, nephews Cao and Dian Wei died in vain.
Cao Cao promised to betroth Qin's ex-wife Mrs. Du to Guan Yu, but after seeing her beauty, he accepted it, which made Guan Yu very uneasy. Although lewd, Cao Cao's concubinage actually has certain standards. Seeing that Cao Cao's wives and concubines were either widows or ex-wives divorced by others, Cao Cao despised Lu Bu's behavior of getting his hands on married women.
Cao Cao is also fond of his wife's stepson, because he didn't do it himself, so he is not jealous. Cao Cao also left his last words before he died, asking to be kind to his wives.
Cao Cao is thrifty by nature, not gorgeous. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was recorded that Cao Zhi's wife, Cui Shi (niece of Cui Yan), violated the ban because of wearing too gorgeous clothes, and was given death by Cao Cao after returning to China.
Cao Cao doesn't believe in ghosts and gods. During his tenure as prime minister of Jinan, he destroyed the Liuzhang Temple, the king of Chengyang, thinking that the mausoleum would eventually be stolen. Therefore, he strongly advocated the simplicity of funeral, which changed the extravagant style of Han Dynasty. Cao Cao once set up positions such as commander-in-chief of Faqiu and captain of Mojin, specializing in robbing tombs to earn military expenses, and his style was very simple and practical.
But it was an immoral trip, and even Chen Lin, Yuan Shao's aide, drafted a "campaign" for Cao Cao, which also listed Cao Cao's public excavation of Han tombs as one of his crimes.
Cao Cao likes to eat fish. He mentioned many fish in Food for the Four Seasons. At a banquet, I also said, "Today's high-level people will be a little shy, and Wujiang has few bass ears."
Cao Cao seeks novelty and change, and is informal, so he hates traditional ideas and is full of Confucian scholars who are loyal, filial and benevolent.
Second, folk art.
1, Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is an outstanding masterpiece of China's historical novels. This work has created many vivid characters, among which Cao Cao is one of the most successful characters in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and his character is both rich and contradictory. He is a resourceful, alert and talented hero; At the same time, he is a treacherous, cunning, bloodthirsty and cruel man.
Cao Cao is therefore called "the first strange man among adulterers in ancient and modern times". Luo Guanzhong's sculpture of Cao Cao's contradictory image is very profound, and he got rid of the defects of simplification and planarization of characters in early novels. Mao Zonggang called it the "rape" of the "three unique skills".
2. Drama
In Beijing Opera, Cao Cao uses the image of a white face to show his treacherous, cunning and scheming villain, instead of a black-faced Bao Gong or a red-faced Guan Gong.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Cao Cao