1. The Four Treasures of the Study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
Bi, ink, paper and inkstone are unique calligraphy and painting tools (calligraphy and painting utensils) in China, namely pen, ink, paper and inkstone. The name "Four Treasures of the Study" originated from the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Historically, the objects referred to by the "Four Treasures of the Study" have changed frequently. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, the "Four Treasures of the Study" specifically referred to Zhuge's brush in Xuancheng, Anhui, Li Tinggui's ink in Huizhou, Anhui, Chengxintang paper in Huizhou, Anhui, and Longwei inkstone in Wuyuan, Huizhou, Anhui.
2. Yaren’s Four Good Things (Qin, Chess, Calligraphy and Painting)
Qinqi, calligraphy and painting originally refers to the four ancient artistic cultural relics or skills of zither, go, calligraphy and painting, also known as "Yaren" Four good things”. How well you master the four skills of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting has become the standard for measuring a person's talent in ancient times. As a typical symbol of ancient culture and art, Cao Xueqin in "A Dream of Red Mansions" gave the names of "four spring" personal girls to "hold the qin, play chess, serve calligraphy, and paint", which also reflects the role of qin, chess, calligraphy and painting in the lives of ancient literati. status.
3. The Gentlemen of Flowers (Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum)
Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum refer to plum blossoms, orchids, bamboos and chrysanthemums, and are known as the "Four Gentlemen". A symbol of culture, the qualities are proud, quiet, strong and light. Plum blossoms, orchids, bamboos and chrysanthemums have become a symbol of Chinese people's feelings about things, and they are also the most common themes in poems about things and literati paintings. It is rooted in the fascination for this aesthetic personality realm, and they are also a common theme in poems about things and artists' calligraphy and paintings. The theme is known as the Four Gentlemen among Flowers.
4. The four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine (inspection, smell, inquiry, and palpation)
The method of traditional Chinese medicine in diagnosing diseases. Looking is to observe the patient's development, complexion, tongue coating, expression, etc.; smelling is to listen to the patient's voice, coughing, wheezing, and smell the patient's bad breath, body odor and other odors; questioning is to ask the patient about the symptoms he feels and what he has experienced before. Diseases you have suffered from, etc.; for diagnosis, check the pulse with your hands or press the abdomen to see if there are any lumps. It’s called the Four Diagnostics.
Extended information
The origin of the four treasures of the study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
The tools and materials of Chinese calligraphy basically evolved from pen, ink, paper and inkstone Well, people usually call them the "Four Treasures of the Study", which roughly means that they are the four must-have treasures in a scholar's study. Because basically all ancient Chinese literati could write, draw, or both, and they could not do without these four treasures: pen, ink, paper, and inkstone.
The name "study" originated from the Southern and Northern Dynasties in Chinese history (420--589 AD). It specifically refers to the study room of literati, with pens, ink, paper and inkstones used in the study room. , and is known as the "Four Treasures of the Study". In addition to the Four Treasures, the writing utensils include pen holders, pen holders, ink beds, ink cartridges, armrests, pen washers, bookweights, water bottles, water spoons, inkstone drops, inkstone boxes, ink pads, printing boxes, cutters, stamps, Scrolls, etc. are also essential items in the study.
Baidu Encyclopedia - The Four Treasures of the Study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
Baidu Encyclopedia - The Four Beauties of Refined People
Baidu Encyclopedia - Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum (Cultural Symbols)
Baidu Baidu-Wangwenwenwenqie