Advocate culture and education
During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, poetry and prose became the main content of Jinshi. In order to recruit talents, he personally assessed the newly admitted county magistrate in the court examination. And for Confucian scholars.
Generous, ordered his ministers to visit all previous dynasties' suicide notes, and * * * searched for nearly 50,000 volumes, which reached the peak of the cultural undertakings in the Tang Dynasty. Literature: The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of China's poetry creation. More than 2,000 poets wrote nearly 50,000 poems. Representative poets: ① Li Bai (in the prosperous Tang Dynasty)-Poet Fairy (in the early stage, difficult to get through the road); (2) Du Fu (flourishing and declining)-poet sage, history of poetry (three officials and three parting); (3) Bai Juyi (Middle Tang Dynasty) —— Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu. Calligraphy: Yan Gu 1, Yan Zhenqing: He created a vigorous and honest style of new books, called Yan Ti, and was the most accomplished calligrapher in the history of calligraphy in China after Wang Xizhi, represented by Yan Family Temple Monument and Duobaota Monument, Yan Zhenqing. 2. Liu Gongquan: Learn from others, be brave in innovation, and become a "Liu style" with beautiful words and strong bones. Represented by the "mysterious tower monument". Painting 1, (Tang Dynasty) Yan: Good at figure painting, represented by Kings of Past Dynasties and Travel Maps. 2. (Tang Dynasty) Wu Daozi: "Painting a Sage", which created a precedent of great freehand brushwork in later generations, is his masterpiece "The Heavenly King sends a picture". Representative of art treasure house: Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province (most of them were excavated in Sui and Tang Dynasties, with murals and colorful statues, which can be called one of the largest art treasures in the world).
military affairs
Xuanzong adopted Zhang's suggestion and implemented the recruitment system to replace the increasingly abandoned officers and men system. In 722 AD, he personally selected 1.2 million government soldiers and able-bodied men as the guards of the capital, and called them "riding". He also established ten military towns in the border areas to control our time as a measure to rule the alien and consolidate the border.
Internal affairs and diplomacy
1 year and the beginning of the 7th century, the Tibetan (present-day Tibet) outstanding Zanpu Songzanganbu unified the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. He admired the Central Plains civilization and proposed to Tang many times. Emperor Taizong married Princess Wencheng to him. After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, she brought many advanced technologies and enhanced the friendly relations between China and Tibet. At the beginning of the 8th century, the Tang Dynasty married Princess Jincheng to Tubo Zambo Kridê Zukzain. At this point, Tubo and the Tang Dynasty have been "harmonious as one family". 2. Uighurs are the ancestors of today's Uighurs. In the middle of the 8th century, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appointed the Uighur leader Guli Pelo as Huairen Khan. Later, Uighur changed its name to "Uighur". At the end of 3.7 years, the leader of Mohe Department reached Rong Ruo to unify the surrounding ministries and establish political power. At the beginning of the 8th century, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made Da Zuorong the king of Bohai County and the governor of Bohai Sea. Since then, the late Soviet regime has taken the name of "Bohai Sea". Xiaomi is known as "Haidong Guo Sheng". The institutions that managed the northeast frontier in Tang Dynasty were Bohai Governor's Office and Heishui Governor's Office. Residents of Zhao are the ancestors of Yi and Bai people today. Pirog, the leader of Nanzhao, unified six imperial edicts, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made him the king of Yunnan. International △ During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China and Japan had close contacts. During the Zhenguan period, many Japanese envoys, overseas students and monks came to study in the Tang Dynasty. After returning to China, the envoys in Tang Dynasty were highly valued. Taking the system of the Tang Dynasty as a model, they carried out political reforms and created Japanese characters with reference to Chinese characters. Up to now, they still retain some customs of the people of the Tang Dynasty in social life. Among the envoys and monks who went to Japan in the Tang Dynasty, Jian Zhen was the most influential one. He sent six missions to Japan to spread the culture of the Tang Dynasty in Japan. △ The relationship between Tang and Silla is 1. Ways: ① sending envoys and a large number of international students to study in the Tang Dynasty; Silla merchants came to China to do business, and Silla products ranked first in the Tang Dynasty. 2. The performance is as follows: imitating the Tang system to establish a political system, adopting the imperial examination system to select officials, and introducing China's scientific and technological achievements in medicine, astronomy and calendar calculation. △ The relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Tianzhu-When Xuanzang traveled to the Tang Dynasty, China had frequent contacts with Tianzhu, and the most outstanding messenger was Xuanzang, a monk. In the early years of Zhenguan, he set off from Chang 'an and went to Tianzhu. After returning to China, he devoted himself to translating Buddhist scriptures and wrote the famous "Datang Western Regions". This book is an important classic for studying the history and Buddhism of Central Asia, Indian Peninsula and Xinjiang. Thinking: According to what you have learned and combined with the contents of the textbook, talk about the characteristics of foreign exchanges in the Tang Dynasty? What are the factors that make foreign exchanges active in the Tang Dynasty? Today, China is in a period of reform and opening up and rapid economic development. What does the foreign communication in Tang Dynasty give us? ▲ Features: ① Active foreign exchange and contacts with some countries in Asia, Africa and Europe. (2) The Tang government encouraged businessmen from all over the world to trade in China and allowed them to live in China for a long time. Chang 'an, Luoyang, Guangzhou, Yangzhou and other places have frequent foreign trade activities. (4) The Tang Dynasty enjoyed a high reputation in the world, and all countries called China a "Tang man". ▲ Factors: ① National stability and unity; (2) economic and cultural prosperity; ③ Opening-up policy; (4) Foreign traffic is developed. ▲ Enlightenment: First, we must have a stable political situation and adhere to the policy of opening to the outside world. Second, improve their own quality and strive to develop economy and culture. Third, learn from the broad mind of the Tang Dynasty, while spreading advanced culture, we should be good at absorbing its essence for our use.