After Qin Luan's death, in the ninth year of Guishan Wenyong (13rd century, equivalent to the Southern Song Dynasty in China), his four daughters, grandson Ruxin and some disciples set up a Buddhist temple next to Qin Luan's tomb in the eastern valley of Guishan Wenyong (13rd century, equivalent to the Southern Song Dynasty in China), in which the image of Qin Luan was enshrined, named Otani Temple. After the imperial court gave the title of "Hong Anji, Amitabha", referred to as Hong Anji, it became a mountain that advocated that he would come from the pure land. Since then, Hong Anji has become the belief center of Pure Land Sect.
The Pure Land True Sect based on Hong 'anji seems to be closer to Roman Catholicism in the west: Hong 'anji, as a religious institution, has a sacred nature; Master Hong Anji is actually revered as a living Buddha. Hong Anji's orders to his disciples from top to bottom also have the nature of religious sacredness. Believing in Hong Anji and his mage is as important as believing in Amitabha. This trinity belief system of Buddhism, Buddhism and Buddhism on earth is called "consistent religion" by the world.
The daughter of the pro-Luan feels the letter and is regarded as the second mage; His grandson, Ruxin, became the third. At this point, the legal system of Pure Land Zhenzong Honganji has been passed down from generation to generation, relying on this hereditary system based on blood.
Since then, Hong 'anji has gradually developed, among which the eighth founder of Muromachi era, Lian Ru, made the greatest contribution. In the history of Hong Anji, he became the second most important figure, and today, he is still worshipped by the believers in the upper class of the family. During the Lianru period, Hongan Temple was attacked by monks and soldiers from Liyan Temple of Tiantai Sect, and Otani Hongan Temple was destroyed. In this situation, Lian Ru led her people northward to Qian Yue, Hokuriku, and preached with the support of local guardian asakura, which developed a large number of temples and believers in this area, making the Kaga generation in Qian Yue the power base of Hong 'an Temple.
True Sect of Pure Land Sect (hereinafter referred to as Zongzong) preached Hong Anji, which was the most systematic and organized among all Buddhist sects at that time. Since we should focus on the people at the lower levels, we should work at the grassroots level. Generally speaking, missionary work is based on rural villages, where "lectures" are set up to preach. Generally speaking, one village is a lecture, and there are also several lectures in one village and several villages. Each lecture is based on dozens to hundreds of people. Japanese farmers have always had the tradition of establishing grass-roots joint organizations. In the past, there was a kind of "village as a unit", in which farmers United and exerted their collective strength to negotiate with landlords on land rent and other issues. If it is not good, it will also build its own armed forces to protect the safety of local farmers. This kind of organization is sometimes combined with ronin warriors (see Kurosawa's Seven Warriors). As the Sect has always been the collective belief of farmers, its grass-roots religious organization "speaking" naturally replaced "comparing". At first, farmers will discuss religious issues in "lectures", but gradually "lectures" are no different from traditional farmers' organizations and become places for farmers to discuss practical problems and vent their dissatisfaction. Gradually, in order to seek rights and interests, farmers began to launch armed riots in an attempt to seize local political power. The "speaking" organization, which has always been religious, has become an organization that unites farmers in different local villages. It has always been religious, so it has played a role in promoting peasant uprisings. This peasant uprising was called "one-way slap" at that time.
Unlike later, Hong Anji at that time did not advocate peasants to carry out such riots, because it was actually openly making enemies with feudal lords, which was not conducive to the survival of his religion. At the same time, Japanese Buddhism still has the tradition of maintaining state power ideologically, although Buddhism has been mentioned in an unprecedented position in Buddhism, which is enough to compete with secular law and even surpass it. Lian Ru appealed to the masses to remain calm, but the effect was not great, showing the subtle relationship between the temple and the disciples (which will be analyzed in more detail later). One-on-one slapping intensified, which eventually led to riots in Kaga. 1488, disciples surrounded Gao Acropolis, Kaga's guardian of Fu Zun's political relatives, with 100,000 troops, which was quickly breached and killed by Zheng himself. For more than 100 years, Kaga has been under the control of Hong Anji, becoming a so-called "disciple-led country". Seeing the unprecedented rapid development of the "One Road and One Belt", celebrities all over the country felt panic and began to regard it as a scourge, and they hated and feared it.
This violent uprising is quite different from Lian Ruozhi's practical philosophy. Although he opposed the rule of samurai and thought that samurai was the enemy of Buddhism, he thought that disciples should obey martial arts and the king's law on the surface and only remember their own beliefs and Buddhism. Dissatisfied with Kaga's situation, he returned to Feng Jingen and established this temple in Shanke, Kyoto. During this period, Hong 'an Temple was called Hongan Temple in Shanke (Houshan Kehong 'an Temple was burned down by Hosokawa Morihiro, Hexagon and Rilianzong Alliance in 1532). 1496, Lianru established the Shishan Yu Fang in today's Daban area, and since then established the Shishan Temple.
Hong Anji's success is fundamentally related to his teachings, mass base and administrative and organizational forms.
Hong Anji is a well-defined and strict religious organization, which has formed a very complex but efficient system from its own temple and the last temple to local "lectures", from Dharma master to workshop master (local religious leaders appointed by Hong Anji in various places actually play a role similar to local names in the areas where they are in power, such as Qian Yue) to grassroots monks. After the superior orders are issued, they can be executed by organs at different levels.
For farmers and other lower-class people, the simple and powerful teachings provided by Zongzong can give them great spiritual comfort and support during the war. There was no comparable religion in Japan at that time. The loyalty advocated by Zongzong is simple and clear-pointing to Amitabha and Dharma Lord, and linking disciples with salvation. To be saved, we must obey the Lord's command, which is a very simple logic. In addition, religious belief helps people from different regions to transcend their inherent geographical limitations, so that they can better unite and strive for higher common goals. With the criss-crossing "talking" organizations in rural areas as the basis of activities, everything will get twice the result with half the effort. Moreover, Buddhism has always lived in Buddhism, with the characteristics of equality, grass-roots democracy and strong sense of community, which can meet the psychological and social needs of the lower class and give them clear recognition, thus giving them a great sense of belonging.
Since the Lotus Age, Hong Anji has directly or indirectly controlled a large number of disciples, such as Qian Yue. At that time, this control was mainly through the most basic farmers. Hong Anji encouraged believers to donate their land to the temple and promised to protect it. This method made Hong Anji a big landlord and gained huge economic benefits. On the other hand, temples also encourage believers to donate their land directly to temples, rather than local owners, for fear that the latter will gradually become independent.
Hong Anji ruled the peasants ideologically and played a monopoly role. Because farmers abide by their beliefs and the temples that control their beliefs have great power, they can punish their disciples by expelling their religious members. Because Amitabha is the only way to save, offending the Pope who represents Amitabha means depriving himself of the opportunity to be saved, so his disciples are very loyal to Hong Anji.
Traditional teaching seems to help disciples fight on the battlefield. Since the Lotus Age, the contradiction between disciple organizations, warriors and feudal lords has intensified, so there has been a direction and a slap. Lian Ru supported his disciples to "protect the law" when they were attacked. He told them that there was nothing to worry about, because his loyalty to the Sect always ensured that Amitabha would send them to the pure land of the West. They died for Buddhism and will be saved after death. This teaching method is that many disciples are willing to die for their beliefs. At that time, people who opposed Buddhism were called "enemies of France" and disciples were forced to die for Buddhism. Because I believe that I will be saved after death, I can be fearless and extremely brave in battle. On the battlefield in blood shed, you only need to say "there is no Amitabha in the south" and you can die calmly.
However, it is incorrect to think that Hong Anji has direct and effective control over all his disciples. In fact, Zongzong was also used by some farmers. Many peasant uprisings, under the banner of religious belief, are driven by realistic interests, in order to strive for very practical political and economic rights and interests. In addition, there have even been conflicts between disciples, competing for interests. These one-sided slaps are not religion in essence.
As mentioned earlier, another new sect in the Kamakura era developed its power in commercial cities (such as Beijing and Horai), but its followers were mainly businessmen and small urban producers. Rilianzong participated in the destruction of Shanke Honganji. The conflict between it and Zongzong can actually be defined as the contradiction between the urban class and the rural class. In the Warring States period, Genlai Temple, Liyan Temple and Congo Temple were still very strong. Genlai Temple has about 2,700 sub-temples; Li Yan Temple has more than 400 sub-temples in Xishan. There are about 3,000 to 5,000 monks and soldiers in Liyan Temple, and at least 3,000 in Kongoji and Genlai Temple. Liyan Temple controlled the prosperous area near Hiei Mountain, Kongoji reportedly controlled 2,600 villages in the 1980s of 16, while Genlai Temple mastered the musket manufacturing area, and its monks were trained to use muskets. However, these temples do not have Hong Anji's rural mass base, so they can be saved in times of crisis.
During the Warring States period, the most serious problem that Daming encountered was how to control or suppress the peasant uprising. One of the characteristics of Kamakura's new disciples is that they are willing to sacrifice their lives to protect the purity and independence of their beliefs. 1467, Ren Ying and the chaos of civilization swept across the country, which provided a golden opportunity for the expansion of Pure Land Sect. Lian Ru used the war to infiltrate the influence of Zong into Vietnam and Kaga. After several struggles, it finally occupied Kaga in 1479, and took the opportunity to personally guard the Fujian government, forming a traditional force in Kaga. At that time, shogun Ashikaga Yoshihisa was very angry. When the Cang family in Kaga was attacked, the Liujiao family in Linjiang wiped out the Honganji branch in Onoyama (for example, the Honganji branch was built in five years from 1479). In order to realize the strategic shift, Lianru began to build Shishan Benyuan Temple in Shengyuzhuang, Dongcheng County, Shejin in 1496. At that time, it was just to build a temple fair. Later, with the change of the situation, the temple fair finally developed step by step in the direction of urban construction. 1542, the majestic Shiben Temple City appeared, which was regarded as a symbol of the transformation of Hong Anji's family into a famous warrior. At that time, Hong Anji's mage was the 10 witness, and his son was Wuji Temple, which often appeared in the Warring States Games.
1457, Hong Anji became the eighth generation leader, and Hong Anji's influence continued to expand. 1465, it was captured by bhikkhu mountain (the total mountain of Tiantai Sect of Buddhism), and the Otani Hong 'anji Hospital in Kyoto was abandoned, and Lianru fled to Kaga. With indomitable fighting spirit, Lian Confucianism preached to the people in simple Chinese (Chinese characters were still the main characters in the Warring States period, but the pronunciation was gradually phonetic). At that time, "Zongzong" was the pillar of the people in religion, education and spirit, and it was highly respected. Because the "Zong Zong Zong" is known as the saying that the Buddha wants to build a Buddhist country, some enthusiasts came up with the idea that "we want to build our own Buddhist country", which developed like a prairie fire among the civilians oppressed by the samurai class at that time, and finally a riot of "one to one slap" broke out in 1488, except for Kaga.
1499 On March 25th, Lian Fang, a Japanese temple, died in Honganji, Shanke, at the age of 85.