Liu Gongquan became a scholar at the age of twenty-nine. In his early years, he served as secretary of provincial studies and was incorporated into the Li Ting shogunate. In Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong Dynasty, he served in the official residence and grew up in North Korea. * * * During the Seven Dynasties, the official was the Prince, and he was named the Duke of Hedong County, and the official was the Prince Taibao, so it was called "Liu". In the sixth year of Xian Tong (865), Liu Gongquan died at the age of 88 and was given to the Prince.
Calligraphy achievement
Main entries: Four Masters in Regular Script and Liu Ti.
Liu Gongquan is a summarizer and innovator of regular script. On the basis of learning and inheriting the regular script styles of Zhong You, Wang Xizhi and others, he read modern calligraphy, learned from Yan Zhenqing, absorbed his new ideas, and created his own unique "six-style" regular script, which was imitated by later generations and became one of the outstanding representatives of "Tang Shu Shang Fa".
His handwriting is even, thin and hard, and he pursues Wei Bei firmly. His stippling is crisp and beautiful, with thick bones and tight body. "Books are expensive, thin and hard, and the spirit is clear." Compared with his face, his regular script is slightly flat and thin, so it is called "Yan Gu".
Since the end of Tang Chaoyuan, Liu Gongquan's reputation has become higher and higher. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty especially cherished Mo Bao of Liu Gongquan. Liu Gongquan was called to the front of the temple, and the military commander ordered Simon Xuan Ji to hold the inkstone, and the Tang Dynasty envoy Cui Juyuan wrote it. Liu Gongquan wrote the cross of "Mrs. Wei's brushwork" on a piece of paper with a real book. On a piece of paper, he wrote eleven words in the running script: "Yongchun Temple has a thousand words of calligraphy". On a piece of paper, I wrote "How can predicates help others?" Xuanzong gave him brocade, bottles and jars and other silverware. And let him write a thank-you letter, whether it is a real book or a cursive script. At that time, the minister's family set up a monument to his ancestors. If there is no inscription by Liu Gongquan, people will think it is unfilial. Moreover, Liu Gongquan's reputation spread far and wide overseas. When he went abroad to pay tribute, he specially prepared money to buy Liu Gongquan's calligraphy. Tang Wenzong once praised his calligraphy, even the rebirth of Zhong You and Wang Xizhi.
Today, the first choice for people to learn calligraphy is still Yan, Liu, Ou, Chu, Yu and other calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, especially a set of regular script norms founded by Liu Gongquan, which is still an example for people to learn. Liu Gongquan made outstanding contributions to the reform and development of calligraphy art, summed up the development of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty, and laid the foundation for the overall development of regular script.
Anecdotal allusions
Write poems to help others.
Tang Wuzong was angry with a female official in the palace for a long time. Later, he called her in and said to Liu Gongquan, "I am very dissatisfied with this person. I won't blame her if I can get one of your works. " So he handed him dozens of pieces of paper made in Shu County and put them on the imperial case. Without thinking, Liu Gongquan immediately wrote a quatrain: "Regardless of the past, I have always been willing to stand alone in Nagato. But now the king has taken care of him and went back to the pepper room to wipe his tears. " The emperor was very happy, and gave him 200 pieces of brocade, and asked the female official to come forward to thank him.
Taking the pen as a mirror, Tang Muzong's administration is dissolute and eccentric. He once asked Liu Gongquan how to use a pen perfectly. Liu Gongquan replied: "The method of using a pen lies in the heart, and the regular brushwork is naturally perfect." Mu Zong changed his face and realized that he was admonishing him with brushwork. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi once said in a poem, "Why do you want to see sincerity when you preach family law in a hurry?"
Three-step talent
Liu Gongquan visited Weiyang Palace Garden with Tang Wenzong. Wenzong stopped the car and said to Liu Gongquan, "There is one thing that makes me happy. Clothes used to be sent to border guards were often not timely, and now spring clothes are sent in February. " Liu Gongquan came forward to congratulate. The literati said: "I just congratulate you, but I can't express my thoughts clearly." You should write a poem to congratulate me. " Imperial secretary urged him to read it to literate Sect himself. Liu Gongquan replied: "Although there was no war last year, I did not return this year. How can I repay the kindness of the emperor? I get spring clothes in spring. " Wenzong said happily, "Cao Zijian has seven steps in reciting poems, and you only need three."
Devote oneself to academics
Liu Gongquan is good at Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin, Shangshu, Shi Mao and Zhuangzi. Every time he speaks a word, he often has to write several papers. He is familiar with melody, but he doesn't like listening to music. He often says, "this is because listening to music makes people feel arrogant."
Main work
"Hui Yuan's View of Heavy Buildings and Ming Xu"
"Hui Yuan Guan Zhong Lou Ming Xu" (836, at the age of 59) was inscribed by Shao Jianhe, 4 1 line 20 horizontal. 1986 1 1 was unearthed outside Heping Gate in Xi 'an. This tablet is full of charm and meticulous brushwork, with Fang Bi as the main pen and round pen as the supplement, which is vigorous and powerful.
Su Feng Monument
Su Feng Monument (837, aged 60) was written by Wang Qi, written by Liu Gongquan in 4 1 line with 83 words, and the monument is preserved in Xi 'an Monument Forest. His books are refreshing, fast, healthy and full of energy. It seems to indicate that a more exquisite "Liu Ti" is about to be born.
Mysterious pagoda monument
The mysterious pagoda monument (84 1, 64 years old) was written by Pei Xiu, sealed by Liu Gongquan, and engraved by Shao Jianhe and Shao Jianchu. * * * 28 lines, 54 words, stone deposit Xi 'an forest of steles. Shu's "Inscription on Virtual Boat" said: "Sincerity is precision work.