Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum is the earliest museum established in Shaanxi. It mainly collects, displays and studies the inscriptions, epitaphs and stone carvings of past dynasties, making it a unique art museum in China. The following is a sample essay I compiled for everyone, welcome to refer to it!
Chapter 1:
Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum, formerly known as Shaanxi Provincial Museum, was founded in 1944. It is an art museum based on the "Xi'an Forest of Steles" with a history of more than 900 years and expanded by using the ancient buildings of the Confucius Temple in Xi'an. It mainly collects, studies and displays steles, epitaphs and stone sculptures from past dynasties.
Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum has a rich collection of cultural relics, including steles, epitaphs, stone sculptures, portrait stones and other stone cultural relics, as well as other cultural relics such as calligraphy, paintings, and rubbings. It is especially distinctive for its epitaphs and rubbings from past dynasties. of collections.
There are a large number of collections of steles and epitaphs, and the collection has a complete collection of eras, spanning more than 2,000 years.
The museum area consists of three parts: the Confucius Temple, the Forest of Steles, and the Ancient Chinese Stone Carving Art Exhibition, covering an area of ??34,667 square meters. Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, a new stone carving art museum with the theme of "Chang'an Buddhist Rhythm" has been built, and won the "Luban Award" and the "Top Ten Boutique" Exhibition Awards for the best quality projects, forming an exhibition layout of "one axis and two wings". .
Chapter 2:
Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum is located near Wenchangmen. The museum consists of forest of steles, stone carving art and other parts. Among them, the forest of steles composed of steles and epitaphs from past dynasties is the highlight of the museum. , including inscriptions by famous calligraphers such as Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and Huai Su, as well as two Tang Dynasty inscriptions, "Shitai Xiao Jing" and "Kaicheng Shi Jing".
In the Forest of Steles Museum, you can appreciate the inscriptions and epitaphs from past dynasties. The collection of inscriptions and epitaphs here spans more than 2,000 years. Among the treasures are: "Yan Qin Li Stele" and "Yan Family Temple Stele" by Yan Zhenqing, which are the standard "Yan style"; Liu Gongquan's "Dada Master Mysterious Pagoda Stele" is the most typical representative work in the "Liu style"; Monk Huairen of the Tang Dynasty compiled the Preface to the Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty from the ink written by King Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty; the famous cursive calligrapher Huai Su's "Thousand-Character Essay" was written with bold and unrestrained writing.
In addition to the stone carvings by calligraphers, the two most popular among tourists are the "Shitai Xiao Jing" and "Kaicheng Stone Jing". "Shitai Xiao Jing" is a Confucian classic. The inscription was written by two emperors in four types of characters, namely: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Li Longji wrote the inscription in official script, and used regular script to annotate it in small characters. After the inscription was completed, he used running script on the side of the stele. Annotation, and the forehead of this stele was written in seal script by Li Heng, Emperor Suzong of Tang Dynasty. The "Kaicheng Stone Classic" was engraved in 837 AD, the second year of Emperor Wenzong's reign in the Tang Dynasty. It includes twelve classics including poems, books, rituals, Yi, and Spring and Autumn Annals.
When browsing the Forest of Steles Museum, you can also see exquisite stone carvings such as the tomb gate of the Four Gods, the Six Horses of Zhaoling Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty, Confucius meeting Laozi, and the Green Dragon and Suzaku in the "Stone Carving Art Gallery" inside the museum. After visiting, you can also buy "stele inscriptions" printed with original inscriptions. However, the price of "stele inscriptions" here is not cheap, ranging from a few hundred yuan to thousands of yuan. If your requirements are not very high, you can buy inscriptions on the Shuyuanmen Pedestrian Street next to the Forest of Steles, and the price is relatively cheap.
Chapter 3:
The Forest of Steles in Xi'an was founded in 1087 AD. It is the earliest and largest collection of ancient steles in my country and is an art treasure house that displays steles from all generations from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. , the epitaph costs more than one thousand yuan. The steles here are like a forest, hence the name Forest of Steles.
The Forest of Steles in Xi'an is rich in content. It is not only a treasure house of ancient Chinese calligraphy art, but also a collection of ancient literature, classics and stone carvings. It records some of the achievements of my country's cultural development and reflects the historical facts of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Therefore, Well-known at home and abroad. The Forest of Steles in Xi'an was developed on the basis of storing stone scriptures from the Tang Dynasty. The Stone Classics, as people in the Tang Dynasty called them, include those written by Tang Xuanzong Li Longji in 745 AD and those carved in 837 AD.
Stone Carving Art Museum
The new Stone Carving Art Museum takes "Chang'an Buddhist Rhythm" as the exhibition theme. It displays about 150 stone sculptures from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, representing the historical The highest level of Chang'an Buddhist art. The display is divided into the statue stele area, the statue area, and the large statue area, comprehensively explaining the typical styles and artistic styles of Buddhist statues under the Chang'an model. In 2011, "Chang'an Buddhist Rhythm" won the top ten exhibitions in national museums, and the New Stone Carving Art Museum won the "Luban Award for Chinese Construction Engineering".
Xi'an Forest of Steles
Xi'an Forest of Steles was first built in ***1087***, the second year of Zhezong Yuanyou in the Song Dynasty. It has been repaired and added in the Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China dynasties. , the scale continues to expand, and the collection of stones is increasing day by day. It now collects more than 4,000 steles and epitaphs from the Han Dynasty to the present, the largest number in the country. The collection has a complete collection of eras, spanning more than 2,000 years.
Confucius Temple
Xi'an Confucius Temple was located near the Imperial Academy in the west corner of Shangshu Province during the Tang Dynasty. After several relocations in the Song Dynasty, in 1103, the second year of Chongning, Emperor Yu Ce finally moved the Confucian Temple and the Fu School to the "southeast corner of Fucheng", which is the current site of the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum. Most of the Zhaobi, Archway, Lingxing Gate, Huabiao, Ji Gate, Stele Pavilion and two verandas that have been preserved to this day are Ming and Qing Dynasty buildings.
The 18th Xi'an Forest of Steles International Book Exhibition
On November 16, the "18th Xi'an Forest of Steles International Book Exhibition" was exhibited at the East-West temporary exhibition of Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum. This exhibition displays a total of 97 pieces of Japanese calligraphy works. They are excellent award-winning works selected from more than 500 pieces of calligraphy works, covering various calligraphy styles of real grass, official seal and seal script.
The Stone Carving Art Room of the Forest of Steles
The Stone Carving Art Room of the Forest of Steles in Xi'an was built in 1963. The plaque was inscribed by Marshal Chen Yi. The exhibition content mainly includes mausoleum stone carvings from the Han Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the two beasts of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the stone bricks with portraits of the Han Dynasty, the stone coffin and epitaph of Li Shou of the Tang Dynasty, and the Six Horses of the Zhaoling Mausoleum, etc., have various carving techniques and different styles, and are exquisite works of stone carving art in different historical periods.
The first exhibition room
displays the "Kaicheng Stone Classics", including "Book of Changes", "Shangshu", "Book of Songs", "Book of Rites", "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Zuo" ", "The Analects of Confucius", "The Classic of Filial Piety", "Erya" and other 12 classics, totaling more than 600,000 words, using 114 square meters of stone. Mencius, which was added in the Qing Dynasty, is also displayed here, collectively known as the Thirteen Classics. These scriptures were must-read books for intellectuals in feudal society. At that time, in order to prevent scholars from making mistakes when copying the scriptures and to store them permanently, the scriptures were engraved on stone tablets as models and erected in the Imperial Academy of Chang'an City for proofreading. The "Kaicheng Stone Scripture" is the only complete set of stone-engraved scriptures that still exists. The second exhibition room
displays famous calligraphy steles, mainly from the Tang Dynasty. In terms of content, "The Chinese Stele of the Spread of Nestorianism in the Great Qin Dynasty" and "The Monk Fu Kong Stele" are valuable materials for studying cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty. In terms of calligraphy value, Yu Shinan's "Confucius Temple Stele", Chu Suiliang's "Tongzhou Holy Religion Preface Stele", Ouyang Xun's "Huang Fu's Birthday Stele", Ouyang Tong's "Master Daoyin Stele", Zhang Xu's "Broken Thousand Character Essay", Liu Gongquan The "Xuanmi Pagoda Stele", as well as the "Tang Tripitaka Preface Stele" compiled by Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing's "Duobao Pagoda Stele", "Yanjia Temple Stele", etc., are all studied by calligraphy enthusiasts from ancient times to the present. Template. Among them, the monk Huairen spent 24 years of hard work to carve the "Holy Religion Preface Stele" from the calligraphy of the Tibetan king Xizhi, which reproduces the elegant and elegant calligraphy style of the calligrapher Wang Xizhi. In addition, the inscription was prefaced by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and written by Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty. It is a memorial that praises the outstanding Buddhist scholar Xuanzang. It also has a thank you note and the Heart Sutra written by Xuanzang, which are known as the "Three Unique Monuments".
The third exhibition room
Displays a variety of famous calligraphy steles from the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. Seal scripts include the Tang Dynasty's "Preface to the Poems of Miyuan Shenquan", official scripts include the Han Dynasty's "Cao Quan Stele", etc., regular scripts include the Tang Dynasty's "Zang Huaike Stele", etc., running scripts include the Tang Dynasty's "Huijian Zen Master's Stele", etc., and cursive scripts include the Sui Dynasty's "Zhiyong's Thousand-Character Monument". ", Tang Dynasty's "Huaisu's Thousand-Character Essay", Zhang Xu's "Belly Pain Tie", etc. are all well-known calligraphy treasures at home and abroad.
The fourth exhibition room
Displays the poems and writings of Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Zhao Mengfu, etc. from the Song to the Qing dynasties, as well as precious historical materials from the Ming and Qing dynasties. of stele. There are also some various line carvings from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, including the "Remaining Pictures of Taiji Palace of the Tang Dynasty" and "Pictures of the Xingqing Palace of the Tang Dynasty" engraved in the Song Dynasty, "The Complete Picture of Taihua Mountain" and "Eight Scenes of Guanzhong" engraved in the Qing Dynasty, etc., which are very useful for the study of ancient architecture and tourist attractions. All have reference value.
The fifth exhibition room
Displays local historical materials and steles from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, mostly from the Qing Dynasty. Many of the steles describe the construction of temples, recording meritorious services, allocating fields, supporting schools, building canals, etc. They are materials for studying the society and local history at that time, and are also of certain value in the art of calligraphy.
The Sixth Exhibition Room
Except for a few poems and prose works by people from the Yuan and Ming dynasties, most of the stone tablets on display are poems and songs from the Qing Dynasty. Among them, the stone tablets written by Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty, Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty and Lin Zexu are all rare treasures.
The Seventh Exhibition Room
On display is the stele carved from the "Chunhua Secret Pavilion Tie" in the Qing Dynasty, with a total area of ??145 square meters. On both sides of the stone carvings, there are various characters written by feudal emperors, famous ministers and calligraphers of all dynasties, as well as cursive characters written by Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. It is a rare famous monument. People who have seen " " also: