After my ancestors settled in Shaoxing, when my great-great-grandfather Shou Fenglan arrived, he opened a "Shoutongsheng" hotel near Jinghu Lake outside Shaoxing Pianmen, making wine. Later, due to the extortion of local corrupt officials and local tyrants, the operation of the restaurant was finally unsustainable and had to close down. So Feng Lan came up with the idea of running a private school, running a school, one for making a living, and the other for letting future generations stop working and doing business. In order to run a private school and develop the school, Feng Lan invited a famous teacher to sit at home and teach his son ancient books and calligraphy. Yun studied hard. In the later days, he was not only proficient in calligraphy and ink, but also studied calligraphy hard. Later, Qi Huangong Qiao Yun invited his two sons, Shou Zhou Yong and Shou Wujing, to give lectures. After their academic success, they all made a living by teaching in the library (Shou Jason Wu followed his ancestors' footsteps all his life and opened a private school in San Tan Yin Yue, which was honored by Lu Xun as "Mr. Shou Lao").
Because of her deep understanding of official corruption and sinister career, Feng Lan made a public rule. In "San Tan Yin Yue", he only taught the ancient literature books such as the Four Books and Five Classics, and a hundred schools of thought contend left by the ancients, and was not allowed to teach the knowledge content needed for the imperial examination of poetry and eight-part essay. In other words, the three pools and the moon were not designed by the Qing Dynasty to train officials. This kind of good intention was invisible to the outside world at that time (even more invisible in written records), but when Feng Lan instructed his son Shou (that is, Yun) to change the word "Yu" on the plaque of a "Sanyu Bookstore" that he brought when he bought a house, he made clear the meaning of this "three flavors": "The cloth is moist, the roots are fragrant, and the poetry is long." Take these three sentences as the teaching policy of private schools and pass them down from generation to generation as ancestral teachings. Children and grandchildren are required to abide by it seriously and are not allowed to be officials of the Qing Dynasty. I am willing to be an ordinary person, live by my own labor, and live a hard life. It should be said that the descendants have well abided by this purpose of Feng Langong. Among the scholarly families inherited by Shous from generation to generation, my grandfather Jingwugong and my father Shous were only admitted to the Jinshi in this county. After they obtained the qualification of private school teachers, they stopped taking the imperial examinations and taught in the "gatekeeper platform" for life. My uncle, Shou Xiaotian, only got a juren, so he stopped trying to achieve other fame, although according to his profound knowledge, he could easily get a position and embark on the road of being an official.
However, everything changes and things are unpredictable. There is another descendant of the Shou family who is unwilling to abide by the ancestral teachings. One of Gong Yunchao's grandchildren, that is, my uncle Zhu Shou, wants to go another way. He is eager to take the imperial examination. And when the exam is coming, he escapes from the confinement room set up by his father to prevent him from taking the exam, and sticks his head out of his closed window upstairs to avoid the exam. Finally, he won the first place in the Korean exam and was appointed as the magistrate of Nong 'an County, Jilin Province. This violation of ancestral teachings greatly angered my grandfather, calling him "unfilial" and even saying that he would not recognize this "unfilial son" for a long time. Grandpa's "three flavors spirit" is strong, which can be seen.
What are the "three flavors"? The ancients had two opinions. One is a metaphor for how people used to feel about reading. "Reading classics tastes like rice, reading history tastes like vegetables, and reading a hundred flavors like acyl sugar." These three experiences are collectively called "three flavors". The second is that the "three flavors" come from Li Shu's "Handan Bibliography" in the Song Dynasty: "The taste of poetry and books is too strong, and the history is broken, which is the three flavors." This is to compare poetry, history and other books to delicacies and to beautiful spiritual food; There are a pair of hugs on the pillars on both sides of San Tan Yin Yue where Lu Xun studied, which read: "Music is silent and filial piety is the only thing, and soup is a poem". It can be seen that the "three flavors" in San Tan Yin Yue should be used in this way. The third is to borrow Buddhist language. Samadhi is a transliteration of Sanskrit Samadhi, which originally refers to the three realms of reading Buddhist scriptures and understanding the meaning of the scriptures: one is "determination", the other is "acceptance" and the third is "equal holding", which means to stop distracting thoughts before reciting, so as to make the mind stable and focused; The attitude of understanding Confucian classics must be correct, and there must be all kinds of respect and piety; In the process of learning, you should concentrate on it and keep a consistent spirit. With the integration of Buddhist thought and Chinese culture, "Samadhi" gradually extended to a summary of the essential spiritual meaning of things, and some expressions such as "Samadhi" and "Samadhi" appeared to describe the accuracy and profundity of knowledge.
San Tan Yin Yue: It is a famous private school in Shaoxing in the late Qing Dynasty. Mr. Lu Xun 12 years old is studying here, and the teacher is Mr. Shou Jinghu. San Tan Yin Yue, the small living room between three long rooms, was originally the study of Shou Jia. Mr. Shou Jason Wu has been teaching here for 60 years. The flavor of "three pools printing the moon": The "three pools printing the moon" mentioned by Mr. Lu Xun in his famous article "From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Three Pool Printing the Moon" is near the former residence of Mr. Lu Xun in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, where Mr. Lu Xun studied as a teenager. So, why is it called "three pools printing the moon"? It turns out that the "three flavors" come from the old saying that "reading classics tastes like rice, reading history tastes like Yao biography, and reading a hundred flavors like acyl sugar". Reading four books and five classics is the basis of eating rice and flour; Reading Historical Records tastes like drinking wine and eating delicious food: reading books like "A Hundred Schools of Thought contend" tastes like soy sauce and vinegar (like seasoning for cooking). The plaque of "Three Tans Printing the Moon" was written by Liang Shanzhou, a famous calligrapher in Ganjia period of Qing Dynasty. At that time, there was such a woodcut couplet hanging on both sides of the plaque: "I am silent and filial, and I love reading too much."
Some people say that the "three flavors" originated from Li Shu's bibliography. Li Shu said: "Poetry, calligraphy and painting are too thick soup, history is miscellaneous, and children are acyl sugar, which is the three flavors of books." Shouyu did not agree with this.
Shou Yu's uncle Shou Zhulin explained: "Three flavors are vivid metaphors for reading ancient books such as Historical Records and A Hundred Schools of Thought contend, and there are three flavors. When I was a child, I listened to my father and brother. Reading classics tastes like rice, reading history tastes like vegetables, and reading hundreds tastes like acyl sugar. But where this code comes from is hard to find. " This theory has a great influence, and Lu Xun's third brother Zhou also tends to this theory. However, Shouyu still disagreed. He said: "This explanation played down the spirit of ancestors' resistance to the Qing Dynasty. When I was a child, my grandfather Shou Jason Wu personally told me that the three flavors are warm clothes, delicious food and long poems. Cloth refers to ordinary people, and "warm cloth" refers to being ordinary people, not being an official or a master; Vegetable root fragrance' is satisfied with simple food, but does not yearn for the enjoyment of delicacies; Poetry has a long flavor' means to understand the profound content of poetry carefully, so as to obtain a profound and long flavor. This first point,' warm clothes', is very important. This is the ideological core of my ancestors Feng Lan Gong and Gong. The failure of industry made them see the decadent nature of the Qing Dynasty. They think that being an official in the Qing dynasty, harming the country and the people, is to harm others and harm themselves. Therefore, the direction of running a school is also regarded as the life guide of his descendants, and his descendants are not allowed to take the exam to be an official. They should be willing to be warm in clothes, fragrant in vegetables and taste poetry. " Shou Yu said that Shou Jason Wu told him before his death: "The meaning of these three flavors can't be told to outsiders, let alone seen in words. This is the family rule set by the ancestor Qiao Yun, because the spirit of' Sanwei' has obvious anti-Qing tendency, and once it is circulated, it may lead to fatal disaster. " This is also the main reason for people's subjective speculation.