character introduction
Yan Zhenqing (August 23, 709-784) was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) and Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). Yan Shigu V, the secretary supervisor, is a grandson, and Situ Qing is his younger brother, a famous official and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Yan Zhenqing became a scholar and served as a supervisor in the temple. Later, because he offended Yang, the powerful minister, he was demoted to be the prefect of the plain and was called "Yan Plain" by the world. During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing led a crusade against the rebels. Later, he went to Fengxiang and was made a minister. When Tang Daizong was an official, he went to the official department of Shangshu Province, and a prince and a surname named him Duke Lu, which was called Duke Yan Lu in history. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was sent to tell the rebel Li Xilie that he refused the thief in awe and was finally slapped to death. After he was killed, Cao's heirs and soldiers of the three armed forces cried. Posthumous title Si Tuleideng, posthumous title "in the text".
Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy is exquisite and good at it. Chu Suiliang, a beginner, studied under Zhang Xu and got his brushwork. Its regular script is dignified and majestic, and its running script is vigorous and powerful, which has created a "Yan style" regular script and has a great influence on later generations. Together with Zhao Mengfu, Liu Gongquan and Ou Yangxun, they are also called "four masters of regular script". Together with Liu Gongquan, they are called "Yan Liu" and "Yangu". He is also good at poetry, such as You, Ji, Wu, Ji, Lu Ji and Linchuan Ji, all of which have been lost. The Song people compiled Yan Ji.
Wu Daozi (about 680 ~ 759 AD) was a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, and his painting history was praised as a sage in painting, as well as metaphysics. Han nationality, from Yangzhai (now Yuzhou, Henan). Born in 680 AD (the first year of Yonglong), he died around 758 AD (the first year of Gan Yuan). Lonely and poor, you will have a painting name when you are young. He used to be the county commandant of Qiu Yan (now Ziyang), and soon resigned. After that, he settled in Luoyang and engaged in mural creation. During the Kaiyuan period, he was called to the DPRK for his good painting, and successively served as a doctor, an internal teacher and Wang You. He studied calligraphy with Zhang Xu and He, watched sword dancing and experienced the skill of using a pen. He is good at Buddhism, ghosts and gods, figures, landscapes, animals, plants, pavilions and so on. , especially good at Buddhism and figures, and good at mural creation.
Han Yu (768 ~ 824) was born in Heyang (now mengzhou city, Henan Province). My ancestral home is Changli, Hebei Province, and I took a four-year leave. /kloc-0 died in Chang 'an on February 2nd at the age of 57. Han Yu, an outstanding writer, thinker and leader of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, occupies a high position in the history of China's prose development. He was an advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature" in Song Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was regarded as the leader of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and was also called "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan, and was known as "a great writer" and "a hundred generations of literators". He took an active part in the anti-Huai War, Xi rose up against Wu Yuanji, and served as the marching Sima of Pei Du. Ideologically, Han Yu advocates Confucianism, trying to banish the old Buddha, and at the same time advocates the theory of destiny, thinking that "heaven" can reward good and punish evil, and people can only conform to and obey destiny. He is the author of 40 volumes of Han Changli's Collected Works, Foreign Collected Works 10, Teachers' Comments, etc. His prose writing theories, such as the unity of literature and Taoism, the combination of enthusiasm and propriety, the importance of expressing one's will and the order of words, have important guiding significance for future generations.
Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Zhengzhou, Henan Province) in the Tang Dynasty. He is a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty, and he is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang. The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.