Oracle Bone Inscriptions → Jinwen → Xiaozhuan → Lishu → Regular script → Running script
(Shang) (Zhou) (Qin) (Han) (Wei and Jin Dynasties) cursive script
= = = = = = = =.
(1) Sound is an essential part of any language. In the remote and long Archaean era, human beings gradually differentiated from instinctive "crying and laughing …" or imitating nature's "birdsong, insect call, animal roar, wind, thunder and rain …", which is the evolution of pronunciation. For example, "ma, ba" is used to represent "Mom, Dad", which may be differentiated from crying "Ah ……". Phonetics has evolved into a very complicated system in modern times. There are about 4× 4 = 1,6 sounds in Chinese. Phonetic differentiation must have its own laws, and some clues can be distinguished from modern languages. For example,
"Goose, chicken, duck, cat ……" and other poultry and livestock may be named according to their calls.
"Ha, oh, shh, ouch ……" and other sounds directly express the natural vocalization of human beings in different emotions.
"Wu → noon", "Miao → Miao" and "Mu → Mao" ... have the same sound and the same meaning.
the original text is wooden. A trip to the East, born out of the ground, looks like its roots from the ground up.
⑵ "form" is the second important part of language, but it is not necessary. In ancient times, human beings mainly faced the problems of survival and racial continuity. In the process of fighting against nature, wild animals and poisonous snakes, it is sometimes necessary to use "shape" or "painting" to represent things. For example, in order not to get lost in hunting, some marks may be made on rocks or tree trunks. When hunting, humans also pay attention to observing the footprints of wild animals to identify their characteristics. In addition, human beings may also paint images such as "the sun, the moon, people, mountains, trees, bricks, animals, ancestors, etc." on the cave walls out of worship of mysterious nature or pursuit of beautiful things.
Shuo Wen Jie Zi says, "Cang Xie, the historian of the Yellow Emperor, saw the footprints of birds and beasts, understood that things could be distinguished by shapes, and began to create characters."
háng Xie, the original history of the emperor, saw the traces of hoofs of birds and beasts (traces left by the passing of the wild animals), and he knew the differences and differences, so he wrote a book for the first time.
"trial → fan → mining fields", and "fan" refers to the footprints of wild animals in Tanaka. "Pick" to distinguish, like an animal's fingers and claws. "Trial", noted also.
the original literary talent, distinguishing also, is like a beast's fingers and claws, respectively. A beast's foot is like its palm, from mining and field. Judging, knowing, knowing, judging, and adopting. Be informed, detailed, from the heart and from the collection. Interpretation, solution, and adoption. Take its differences also.
From "picture" to a simplified process, the evolution process of "writing" began by taking the main features of things. Pinyin characters are developed from original images to letters representing sounds, with sounds as the main body. Chinese characters have developed from original images to "image, number and reason", and different images are used to express various meanings.
⑶ "Xiang" is the main method to create Chinese characters and explain things in Yi. "Sun, Moon" and so on belong to hieroglyphics and are the basic components of word-making. These basic components are combined with each other to produce all kinds of "images" and create more words. Basic components and characters can also be combined at a higher level to produce many characters used to express various things and ideas.
Cang Xie wrote a book at the beginning of the original text, and Gai Yi was like a pictograph, so it was called the text. Since then, the combination of sound and form is called the word.
such as "Ming → Sun and Moon", "Yi → Sun → Sun and Moon" and "Dan → Sun" (the "one" below means "earth" and "?" The hexagrams, three yang, are like "heaven, man and earth") and "show → sun karma" ("karma" means that there are dense trees on the ground, and "sun" has reached the treetops, which is too bright and obvious).
these words can make up more words. Such as: "alliance → open dish" and "kick →? Yi ","wet → obvious ","Dan → Dan ".
Word-making and Yi-li are completely interlinked here, that is, the so-called fuzzy thinking of "image-taking physiology" and the dichotomy principle of "yin-yang interaction".
(4) The concept of "number" is gradually formed in the long-term evolution of human beings. The concepts that humans first master may be "nothing" and "being". Without water, you will be thirsty, and without food, you will be hungry. "There is-? "?"in the word "month" It means hand, and "moon" means meat. The word "you" originally meant "you have meat under your hands", and you won't go hungry if you have meat to eat. "You" is further differentiated to form the concept of "one, two, three, many".
"Shu" evolved in the direction of easy symbols, gradually separated from characters, forming eight diagrams, and formed the Book of Changes (Lianshan, Guizang and Zhouyi) in the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties in history. For example, odd numbers (one, three, five, seven and nine) and even numbers (two, four, six, eight and ten) are two groups of numbers with different properties. If odd numbers belong to Yang, even numbers belong to Yin. In River Map and Luo Shu, it is represented by "black, white" or "solid and hollow" respectively. "Yi" is expressed by "yang and yin" (,). If the number "one, two, three" is based on the thinking of Yi, the number "one" is regarded as yang, the number "two" is "three" is "?" . According to the principle of overlapping yang and yin, it is ",,?" . If the ","symbols are combined again, all the symbols will be generated.
Study the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of "number" as arithmetic. Studying the "image" of "number" and saying "reason" with "image" is the interpretation of the Book of Changes. In Chinese characters, the phenomenon of root overlapping is everywhere, which is the concrete expression of "mathematics" in word-making. For example:
Singing → Kouchang →ckv ("singing", from the mouth and Chang sound)
Crying → Dog →kv ("crying", from the mouth and prison)
Noise → Mouth → Mouth → ZKV/ZKVM. )
Tao → page →xvy ("Tao", from, from the page. Page, first also)
soil → eleven →ti (in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, soil → two, from two to yin, like the ground. According to intuition, fuzzy meta-code is divided into eleven, which is the same as "Shi → Eleven". )
the number of places is even. Soil, the earth spits out creatures, and under and in the earth, things are out of shape. Teacher, things are also. The number starts at one and ends at ten, from one to ten. Confucius said: Push ten into one to be a scholar.
bad → soil does not →ht (bad, when the tile is not burned, it will be destroyed. )
if the original text is bad, it will be successful again. One said: the tile is not burned, and it is silent from the soil.
GUI (gūi)→ Tutu →gtt (Gui, Ruiyuye, below the upper circle. )
Original Gui, Rui Yuye, below the upper circle. Gong Zhi Huan Gui, nine inches; Hou Zhixin Gui, Bo Zhigong Gui, all seven inches; The son holds Gu Bi and the man holds Pu Bi, all five inches. To seal the vassal, from the heavy soil.
Yao (yáo)→ Tugui → YTV/TTT (meta-code dictionary) (Yao, Tugao also. Such as: Yao → Yao Wu, Gao Ye, from Yao Wu, Gao Yuan Ye. )
the original text is high, and it is from the three soils. Yao, Gao also, from Yao, on Wu, Gao Yuan also.
there are many similar examples. Another example is: Gold → Xin, Wood → Forest → Sen, Water → Miao, Fire → Inflammation → Yan, Again → Double, People → Subordinate → Crowd, Yi → Xian. Usually, the roots are heavy to mean "many" and triple to mean "many".
[5] "Li" is an extension of "image and number". The evolution of Chinese character extension is mainly expanded by "reason", that is, things that are similar to each other are also connected with "reason" For example, "bright" means bright, which extends to "eyes can see clearly, hearts can understand, things become obvious …" and so on.