Zhao Nanxi (15 18— 1582), the ninth grandson of Zhao Ruo, the king of Song Zhaomin Chong County. The tomb is a husband-and-wife burial tomb, located in Lingzishan, the west end of Fotan Town, Zhangpu County. In recent years, four square bricks with bloody epitaphs have been stolen and unearthed, each with a length of 28 cm, a width of 28 cm and a thickness of 2 cm, and are now in Fotan Town Cultural Center Station.
Each epitaph contains a specific treasure house of humanities and art, which is of great value to the study of history, society, politics, economy and folk customs at that time. These four epitaphs are such treasures.
1, Jimei Society is the settlement and birthplace of the descendants of the Zhao and Song royal families.
Facing Hongjiang, facing Lianhua Mountain, standing on the seven stars and arching the peak, this is Puyi Jimei Village. People are quiet and happy, and people are warm and calm.
The epitaph says, "I, Zhao, am a descendant of Song and Zhi, and Wang Ruohe in the middle of Fujian is my successor. Since crossing the south, it is the beauty of the seventeen capitals of Jinpu. "
According to the Epitaph of Zhao Shukuan (scholar, senior minister, former Nanjing Lishu imperial academy Bachelor Lin), "Zhao, a famous family in Jimei, moved to Guangya with the emperor at the beginning, and sixteen ships left the port. The map did not recover, but he landed in Puxi, Wu Tai, and then lived in Jimei. "
Comparing with The Escape History of Zhao Royal Family in the Late Southern Song Dynasty, The History of Zhongxing, The Story of Climbing to Build a Castle, The Monument to Build a Castle (these two monuments were built in Wengcheng, Zhaojiabao), and The Epitaph, Epitaph and Genealogy of Zhao in Jinpu, it is mentioned that the Seventeenth National Congress is very beautiful.
According to records, during the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Zhao Ruohe, his younger brother, and Sun Minchong, the tenth Sun Minchong county king in the Southern Song Dynasty, accompanied the small court, China Southern Airlines. When the decisive battle between Yashan and Yuanbing in Guangdong failed, Queen Yang ordered the courtiers Huang Cai and Xuanwei to lead Xu Dafu to escort Zhao Ruohe, intending to go to Fuzhou for recovery. In the hurricane, all the big ships were wiped out, leaving only four. When they came to Wuyuhai, they lost their tools and had to go ashore in Puxi and live in Yinkeng. In order to avoid the pursuit of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Ruohe changed his surname to Huang and moved to Fotan Jimei. From then on, the Zhao royal family lived in seclusion in nymphs and plowed, and made a career in the wasteland. It was not until the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty that Zhao's surname was restored. Later, Zhao Fan (the son of Zhao Shukuan, Zhang Yuanluan was listed as a scholar at the end of five years, whose real name was Fan Zhi,No. Hongtai, Zhejiang Yancha Deputy Institute) built a high mountain in Guantang (now Zhangpu Lake West) and built a pavilion surrounded by stone castles. Later, Zhao Yi, the son of Zhao Fan, continued to build outer castles, forming a garden-style residential city-Zhaojiabao, and lived together. From then on, Zhao moved from Fotan Jimei to Zhaojiabao by the West Lake.
2. Close family and orderly children.
The epitaph reads: "The eldest father Ge Chuan has eight poems, one of which is Fu Jun, ranking third, fearing great benefits, and the word Shu Chun is Nanxi, posthumous title." There is another cloud: "Fu Jun is afraid of great benefits, his word is Shu Chun, his father is dull, and he ranks third."
According to Zhao Shukuan's epitaph, "Wang (the king of Minchong County) was moved by his ancestors, and his ninth grandson was also taboo, so he was named Nantian. Great-grandfather taboo instrument, ancestors taboo, father taboo stiff, bow frugally. Yu (Lin), male and male brothers are very friendly. Every cold and hot night, they all talk and laugh, from strong to old. "
Reading between the lines, we can understand that Zhao Nanxi is Zhao Ruohe, the ninth son of Minchong County, the great-grandson of Zhao Yi, the grandson of Zhao Jun, the son of Zhao, the third brother of Zhao Shukuan, the third uncle of Zhao Fan and the third uncle of Zhao Yi.
It has been 29 years since Zhao Nanxi died and was buried, which shows the folk custom of stopping coffins for many years. It's been 12 years since the joint burial. Explain the funeral customs at that time.
3. Author Dan
Epitaphs are traditionally used to hire people to write for them, but it is very difficult and costly. This epitaph was written by his son Zhao Yingke.
Because he is a filial man, he wrote two epitaphs, and the interval was many years. Here, he expressed his love for boxing and wrote because of blood and tears. Explain that the closest person is sincere and determined, rather than being entrusted by outsiders to push the pen instead of the knife. The book expresses a kind of unpretentious "true feelings", which is beautiful.
According to Zhao Shukuan's Epitaph, "Jun (Zhao Fan) is different. At the age of nine, he was able to write a text and read the history of scripture. My friend Zhang Meishan tried to teach it, and every time he was given an implied meaning and purport, he could understand it, which was very surprising. Later, after graduating from (Lin), Xian Fujun (Zhao Fan) knew how to stand on his own feet. "
Zhao's aristocratic family attached great importance to education and hired Lin as a tutor to teach their children to learn. Zhao Yingke is as well educated as Zhao Fan's uncles and brothers.
Zhiyun: "(Should) recommend it to Long Yi", which shows that he is a cultural person.
In the Ming dynasty, calligraphy became a stepping stone for scholars because of the need of taking official positions in the imperial examination. There are many famous schools, which influence each other and reflect each other, forming a colorful calligraphy style, and extending to the middle and lower classes to folk calligraphy through different channels.
This epitaph was written by a master with the charm of "Two Kings" and "Many Pagodas" in Yan Zhenqing. His structure is rigorous and steady, quiet and dignified, his bones are three-dimensional, simple and unpretentious, and his pen is also Fiona Fang. His pen is solemn and graceful, with a slight sense of lines, neat and smart, beautiful in shape and high in spirit.
As a cultural person, Zhao Yingke wrote an epitaph for his closest relatives, respected his parents, and was even more devout, as can be seen from his repeated "tears of blood". Because it is an ink book, the traces left on the brick are clearly discernible. Although the layout of the pen is small print with a square centimeter, press it again, gently lift it with the pen, so that the strokes are rich and varied, and the thickness contrast is distinct. Fold the pen at the turning point, press it again, and then quickly close the pen. Feeling pain and agility, showing a harmonious aesthetic tendency.
As a 400-year-old tomb brick, its research value is not only as mentioned above, but also the information it contains will surely lead to more exploration by experts. (Wen Yang/map)