During the Three Kingdoms era, a historically famous battle took place in Chibi, called the "Battle of Chibi." At that time, Cao Cao of the Wei army had millions of troops and wanted to annex the south. Wu and Shu united to fight against Wei.
Zhou Yu, the commander of the Wu army, and Zhuge Liang, the military advisor of the Shu army, studied together a plan to attack Cao Cao. They decided to take advantage of Cao Cao's arrogance and underestimation of the enemy and adopt the battle plan of fire attack. Zhou Yu first used countermeasures to induce Cao Cao to kill Cai Hao and Zhang Yun, the capable generals in Cao Cao's army who were familiar with water warfare and could resist them. Then he asked Pang Tong to make a fake plan and deceive Cao's army into connecting the warships together.
In this way, if a fire breaks out and the warships cannot be separated, Cao Cao's army will be completely destroyed. Zhou Yu resorted to another "bitter trick": beating veteran Huang Gai in front of many people, and then asked Huang Gai to pretend to surrender to Cao Cao.
In fact, Huang Gai filled the surrender ship with flammable items, and when he was preparing to fake the surrender, he rushed to Cao's camp and launched a fire attack. Everything was arranged, but Zhou Yu could not be happy, but became worried. Sick, bedridden.
It turns out that to achieve the goal of the fire attack, a very important condition is needed - to set fire to Cao's army on the north bank, it must rely on the southeast wind.
It was the middle of winter, and there was a northwest wind blowing every day. Zhuge Liang visited Zhou Yu. Zhou Yu eagerly asked Zhuge Liang what he could do. Zhuge Liang told Zhou Yu that he could control the wind and rain, and he could use the southeast wind for three days and three nights to help Zhou Yu set fire. Zhou Yu immediately ordered people to build an earthen platform called the "Seven Star Altar".
Zhuge Liang prayed for the southeast wind on the "Seven Star Altar". Zhuge Liang knew astronomy from above and geography from below. Through meteorological observations, he predicted the date when the southeast wind would blow. On the scheduled date, as expected, the southeast wind blew strongly, and Zhou Yu successfully completed his fire attack plan.
Brief summary:
On the eve of the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu was ready to launch a fire attack to burn Cao Cao's warships in one fell swoop and defeat Cao Cao. But Zhou Yu made a mistake in his busy schedule. He did not realize that the fire attack had very high requirements on the wind direction. In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the middle of winter, there are more northwest winds than southeast winds.
If the fire is set in the northwest wind, Cao Jun will be in the upper hand and will just burn himself, but not Cao Jun at all. Zhou Yu couldn't think of a way and fell ill all of a sudden.
Zhuge Liang was helping Zhou Yu's army make plans at the time. Knowing the cause of Zhou Yu's illness, he gave Zhou Yu a "prescription": "If you want to defeat Cao Yu's army, you must attack with fire. Everything is ready, as long as "I owe you the east wind."
Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to find a way to "borrow" the east wind. Zhuge Liang immediately agreed: "I can borrow it." So Zhou Yu asked people to build a seven-star altar, and Zhuge Liang pretended to "borrow" it. East wind". On the day of the battle, the southeast wind picked up. Zhou Yu took the opportunity to launch an attack and attacked Cao's army in one fell swoop.
Extended information:
1. Chibi Battle of Wisdom
After Liu Bei led his army to Xiakou (now Hankou, Hubei Province), Zhuge Liang said: "The situation is urgent now. We Please go to Jiangdong to ask for help from Sun Quan." At that time, Sun Quan led the army and was stationed in Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to watch the development of the situation.
After arriving at Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan. Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation for Sun Quan: "There was great chaos at home, and the general raised troops to occupy Jiangdong. Liu Yuzhou also gathered his troops south of the Han River, intending to compete with Cao Cao for the world.
Now that Cao Cao has pacified other forces, basically Occupying the north, now going south to conquer Jingzhou, the hero has no use, so Liu Yuzhou fled here.
Then Zhuge Liang first gave Sun Quan two choices, "If you can use Wu. , Yue's military strength can compete with the Central Plains countries, it is better to break off diplomatic relations with Cao Cao as soon as possible";
Another option is to provoke the generals, "If you think you can't resist, why not stop military operations and surrender to the north! "Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's status and said that Liu Bei had integrity and would never surrender to show Sun Quan Liu Bei's determination.
Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Sun Quan. Cao Cao surrendered, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei still had to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. He first said that there were ten thousand soldiers returning from the army and Guan Yu's navy, plus Liu Qifan and Jiangxia soldiers were no less than ten thousand. , and also said that Cao's army was tired from afar, and when chasing Liu Bei, he used light cavalry to travel more than three hundred miles in a day and a night. It was "the end of a strong crossbow, and it could not penetrate Lu's";
And the northerners are not used to water. In the war, the people of Jingzhou were forced to obey Cao Cao, but they were not convinced; in the end, it was definitely said that Cao Cao could be defeated.
Sun Quan was very happy. Later, he was persuaded by Lu Su and Zhou Yu and decided to join forces with Liu to fight against Cao Cao. He sent Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu, Lu Su and others to lead 30,000 naval troops to go to war with Cao Cao.
Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with his army; in November, Cao Cao's army encountered a fire attack by Sun and Liu's coalition forces in Chibi. Cao Cao's army suffered very heavy losses. At this time, a plague broke out in Cao Cao's army, and Cao Cao had no choice but to Lead the army back north.
2. Introduction to related figures:
(1) Zhuge Liang:
Zhuge Liang (181-October 8, 234), named Kongming and Wolong , a native of Langya Yangdu, Xuzhou (now Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province), was the prime minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher, and inventor.
In his early years, he followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to Jingzhou. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Xiangyang.
Later Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times to invite Zhuge Liang, and joined forces with Sun Yat-sen to fight against Cao Cao, and defeated Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi. Forming the power of the Three Kingdoms, they also captured Jingzhou. In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and captured Hanzhong.
In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei established the Shu Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed prime minister to preside over the government. Liu Chan, the empress of Shu, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was granted the title of Marquis of Wuxiang and led the herding of Yizhou. Be diligent and prudent, handle all political affairs personally, and strictly enforce rewards and punishments; alliance with Soochow to improve relations with all ethnic groups in the southwest; implement the policy of farming and strengthen war preparations.
The six Northern Expeditions to the Central Plains were mostly spent on food but in vain. He eventually became ill due to overwork and died of illness in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the twelfth year of Jianxing Shu (234) at the age of 54. Liu Chan posthumously named him Zhongwuhou, and later generations often called Zhuge Liang the honorific name Wuhou. The Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing because of his military prowess.
(2) Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu (175-210), courtesy name Gongjin, was born in Lujiang (southwest of today's Lujiang County, Anhui). A famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, he was the son of Zhou Yi, the commander of Luoyang, his grandfather Zhou Jing, and his uncle Zhou Zhong, both of whom rose to the rank of Taiwei. He is long and strong, has good looks and fine music, and there is a saying in Jiangdong that "if the music is wrong, Zhou Lang will take care of it".
Zhou Yu had a good relationship with Sun Ce. At the age of 21, he followed Sun Ce to the battlefield to pacify Jiangdong. Later, Sun Ce was assassinated and Sun Quan succeeded him. Everything.
In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208), Zhou Yu led his army to join forces with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao in the Battle of Chibi, thus laying the foundation for the "three-part world". He also led his army to defeat Cao Ren and worshiped the partial general as the governor of Nanjun. He died of illness in Baqiu in the 15th year of Jian'an (210 years) at the age of 36.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Borrowing the East Wind
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhuge Liang
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhou Yu