Biography of Xu Mai in the Book of Jin: "A noble family is a family that is tired of reading." However, in the war of regime change, the official school was abandoned, and the family study of aristocratic families became an important way of cultural inheritance. Therefore, most of the famous writers and artists in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties came from clans. Calligraphy is no exception, so there is a phenomenon that both father and son are famous calligraphers.
Family representatives of gate valve system and calligraphy.
In the history of calligraphy, Cui Yuan and Cui Ai were the first cases, which became a prominent phenomenon in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
From the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, there were Wei family in Hedong, Suo family in Dunhuang, Du family and Lu family. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were Wang Langya, Xia Xie, Gao, Yu, Taishan Yang and Yan Langya in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Qinghe Cui Shi and Fan Yanglu in the Northern Dynasty. These calligraphy families were all masters of the clan at that time, and the clan at that time was in a monopoly position in politics, economy and culture, which was rooted in the gate system that began to form in Cao Wei period.