One of the classifications of lotus in Hualien. The colors are rich and varied, including pink, pink, purple, white, light green, light yellow, golden yellow, yellow green and other colors. There are many kinds of flowers, such as single petals, double petals, parallel pedicels, three pedicels and four sides. There are miniature potted flowers, potted flowers and bowl flowers. There are few or no seeds, the quality of lotus seeds is low, and the quality of lotus roots is also poor. Flowers are mainly used for viewing, so they are called Hualien. At present, there are more than 160 varieties of Hualien in China. Traditional varieties include Chiba, Chongtai, Bingdi, Pinzi, Sifang Guanyin, Lian Bi, Phnom Penh and Jinlian. Among the cultivated varieties, there are about 16 "Huangfei" from Wuhan, China Academy of Sciences.
Potted flowers, potted flowers can be planted in flowerpots or in flowerpots with smaller plants. This variety was cultivated in Jin Dynasty in China. Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote in the Book of Cambodia: "... I planted several pots of (lotus) Chiba this year, and then the flowers came out one after another, and now there are more than ten." This is the earliest record of potted lotus in China. Because potted lotus can move and is suitable for landscaping, it has become the main variety of lotus in the national exhibition. At present, there are more than 60 varieties of 160 in China, with flower diameter 12- 14 cm and petals ranging from tens to hundreds to two or three thousand. Among them, the most prominent ones are beauty in the west, wave flame, spring scenery, fast-flying red, red chiba and beauty. A lotus flower with small flowers can be planted in a small pot or bowl. Under the cultivation of modern science and technology, there are more and more varieties of bowl lilies, such as Jin Wan, Hong Wan Lian, Ju Hong, Crimson Lotus, Xiao Ye Ju, Guifei, Fei Wan, Jiao Rong, Qing Fu Jiu, Little Angel, Waltz, Bright, Flower God Ruyi, Jade Bowl, Xia Wan Lian, Little Dance Princess and so on. The flower diameter is generally 8- 12 cm, and the petals are mostly compound petals, from 15- 17 petals (Little Dancing Princess) or10 petals (Red Bowl Lotus) or 125 petals (Jade
Double petal lotus is a strange species in ancient times. Bao's "Notes on Ancient and Modern Times" contains: "Hibiscus, a branch of China, is also the most beautiful. Big people have blinds. " At present, there are dozens of petals that exceed shutters in China. Such as "beautiful", red, about 126 petals; "Yan Dan holding beads," red, about 135 petals; "Hong Tailian", 200 petals of safflower; "Yangzhou Bowl Lotus", with pink flowers and petals about143; "Snow White", with white flowers and petals about 145.
Chiba lotus, also known as thousand petals lotus, refers to the lotus with many petals. Buddhism regards this as a lotus flower. "Shurangama Sutra": "Light gives birth to Chiba Baolian." Tang Li Qunyu's poem "Stone Pond of Jinshan Temple" says: "How many dragon girls offer pearls at Chiba Red Lotus High Meeting?" The variety of Chiba lotus has existed in China since the Jin Dynasty. Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote in the Book of Cambodia: "... if we plant several pots (lotus flowers) in Chiba this year, they will bloom one after another." In summer in China, the so-called Chiba lotus refers to a double lotus with many petals, not a lotus with full petals. For example, the lotus named "Red Chiba" has about 132 petals; There are about 1 16 petals of "pink Senhime"; "White Chiba" has about 1 18 petals. Only the "Thousand Petals Lotus" cultivated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, with red and cup-shaped flowers, with 2,000 to 3,000 petals and a flower diameter of 18 to 2 1cm.
Five kinds of Tianhua Buddhism refer to various lotus flowers. Lotus has a wide range of meanings in Buddhism, including different genera of water lilies. The colors of lotus in Buddhist scriptures are divided into five colors: white, blue, red, purple and yellow, which are called "five kinds of flowers", of which white and blue are the most noble. He also said that five kinds of lotus flowers were transformed by five empty Tibetan bodhisattvas, and the Buddhist scriptures said:
Oriental wisdom is hidden in the void, sitting in Yudu, riding a silver cow;
The south can hide in the void, sit on the red lotus and ride the golden elephant;
In the west, I care about hiding in the void, sitting in the Bai Lianhua and riding a glazed horse;
In the north, empty and clean, sitting on purple lotus flowers and riding lions;
Get rid of the emptiness in the center, sit in the golden lotus and hold the crystal turtle.
Seven kinds of lotus in the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures by Qibaolian. The meaning of lotus in Indian Sanskrit and Pali Buddhist scriptures is broad, and today there are different scientific classifications, including different genera of water lilies. In fact, there are only two kinds of lotus in the "Seven Treasures Lotus", namely red lotus and white lotus, and the other five kinds refer to water lilies. The obvious difference between lotus and water lily is that the flowers and leaves of lotus are higher than the water surface, while the flowers and leaves of water lily float on the water surface.
In Buddhism in China, the varieties of lotus are divided by the number of petals, which refers to the lotus with more than ten petals.
Tianhua Buddhism refers to lotus flowers with hundreds of petals.
Bodhisattva refers to a lotus with ten million petals. This is the most revered thousand-petal lotus in Buddhism, the so-called Buddha lotus, and it is also a symbol of Buddha.
Ubbelo Sanskrit transliterates the Buddha's name of Lotus, referred to as Ubbelo for short, and is called Wubailo, Lingbailo and Ubbelo. Yu Dou, Dai Hua, Honglian, one of the Dragon Kings.
Chiba White Lotus is a multi-petal Bai Lianhua, transliterated in Sanskrit as Fantoli. It is the largest flower with hundreds of petals, also known as "Lily". Buddhist scripture says: This peanut is rare in the world in Dachi, A Xin, a Buddhist country, so it is also called "exotic flower". Buddha Sakyamuni called it "China on earth". According to Buddhist scriptures, the root of Sakyamuni's tongue emits thousands of golden lights, each golden light turns into a Bai Lianhua in Chiba, and a little bodhisattva sits cross-legged on each Bai Lianhua. Therefore, the white lotus in Chiba is a symbol of Buddha. Zhe wrote in his poem "Chiba Bai Lianhua": "Lotus peanut paste is purer than Goddess. Seeing Chiba in Linchi, I asked why. There is no horse in the sky, and a silver bottle is sent to the Buddhist temple. Qingquan raised Fang Jie and lived for me for three days. You have to go back to Brahma when you suddenly fall from the treasure bed. " At present, there are many kinds of flowers in Bai Lianhua, such as "White Chiba", "Snow White", "Lei Yun" and "Jade Bowl".
One of the lotus varieties of utpala, named for its blue color. The Sanskrit transliteration is' Youtiro', with long and narrow leaves, small round near the bottom, blue and white at the tip, and shaped like eyes. Buddhism symbolizes Buddha's eyes, so it is called "Lotus Eye". Emperor Liang Jianwen's inscription to the Buddha: "The full moon is the face and the violet is the eye." That is to say, violets are used to compare Buddha's eyes. Buddhism is also called monks and temples. Chen Ziang's poem "Appreciating Xia Ruofo" in the Tang Dynasty said: "I know there are white clouds, and I am graceful and green." That is, violets are used to compare Buddhist temples. Tang Juyuan Yang's poem "It's bitter and hot in midsummer, and my eldest grandson and I enjoy the cool in Ningju Temple": "I asked the violet guest because I voted in Qiankulin Temple." Is to compare violets to monks. Utsunomiya appeared in China in the Tang Dynasty. Liu Tang Zongyuan's "The Gift of He Bailong and Albizia Albizia, Lotus Seeds and Cucumber" said: "The lotus blooms every day this month ... and the lotus in Xilichi."
A variety of lotus in Lian Bi. Note 7: "Lian Bi-Bilianhua, one of the lotus varieties, has a white-green perianth." "Flower Mirror": "A thousand petals of blue lotus flowers are fragrant." This variety appeared in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Liu Song Yan Yanzhi's ode to Bi Furong: "The splendor of Ze is good at strange water." Among the varieties in Lian Bi, "Sage Bi Gong" has double petals, white and bowl-shaped, with about 65,438+003 petals, the tip of the inner petal is green, and the flower diameter is 65,438+06 to 20 cm, which can bear fruit, but the seed setting rate is low.
Red lotus, red lotus. China has the earliest written records, the most varieties and the most poets chanting. "Xizhou Song": "If you don't open the door, you can go out and pick red-violet flowers."
The flower names of Trollius chinensis, also known as Jin Furong and Eclipta prostrata. First seen in Liao. "Liao Yingshi Wei Zhizhong": "Every year, Daozong makes a fortune for Montenegro, worships the holy Sect, the tomb of Xingzong, and rewards the lotus flower, which is the summer resort of Xing Zi River." In the Qing Dynasty, "Ji Sheng at the Age of Emperor Jingdi" contained: "On June 6th, the golden lotus in the villa was reflected in the sun, and several acres of golden lotus were widely distributed, with ten thousand copies in the world." "Guangqun Room Spectrum" contains: Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, especially outside the Great Wall, is golden in color, with seven petals and two floors. The flower heart is yellow, the pistil is broken, flat and sharp, small and long, and there are yellow petals around the flower heart. If there are several flowers on a stem, it will bloom in June and look around. It will rot golden until autumn, its seeds will be as black as millet, and its leaves will be green. Wutai Mountain records: "There are trollius in the mountain, such as real gold, which is quite terrestrial. According to legend, it is a manjusri tablet. " Look up "A sea of people": "Lotus is Wutai Mountain, with petals as small as pool lotus and color as real gold. Can be exposed to the sun for a long time. Those who divide the bones must order tea and put a flower in a flower. The flowers will open in the middle, fresh and lovely, and then along the Gubeikou, there will be many outside the Great Wall. They will bloom in May and June, and in autumn, the stems and plants will wither. "
Phnom Penh is the lotus of Phnom Penh. A variety of lotus. Note 8 of "Lotus" in Historical Records: "Phnom Penh is connected with Phnom Penh. Kam is a kind of lotus. The edge of the perianth is purple and the other parts are white. " Qunfangpu: "The line around the lotus in Phnom Penh is yellow." "Flower Mirror": "The brocade edge is white, and there is a line of blush or yellow halo on each side." Qing Pu Songling's poem "Jin Zan Bian Lian" says: "Elegant and light makeup can make your eyes look brand-new, so you can stay in early spring. Fill a red raw meat line and draw a green effect. "
One of the flower varieties with low light load. Jia's Notes Volume 6 Pre-Han Xia contains: "In the first year of Emperor Zhao, the lotus pond was worn, with a width of 1,000 steps. He planted branches and lotus leaves in the middle, shaped like a parallel cover. When the sun shines, the leaves are shaded and the roots are low. If the sunflower is the guardian's foot, it is called "low-light lotus". As real as Zhu Xuan. You can decorate it. The flowers and leaves are difficult to wither and fragrant for more than ten miles. The taste of food is always fragrant, and the pulse is also decorated. Imperial secretary is expensive, and you must chew at every banquet. Or cut it into clothes, or fold it to cover the sun, thinking it is funny. " Lotus flowers that unfold from leaves every month. Jia's "Collection Notes" contains: Anti-Han Emperor West Garden, "Lotus is as big as a cover, ten feet long, and it is offered to the south. Its leaves are curled at night, and there are four lotus clusters on one stem, which is called' Night Shuhe'. " It also includes Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty. "Thailand (Thailand) in the first ten years, there was a floating country offering Wangshu grass, whose color was red and its leaves were lotus. It looks like a roll of lotus at close range, a comfortable lotus at a distance, and a cover. The moon will be comfortable when it comes out, and it will roll when it is not there. Planted in the palace, it is named' Wangshu Lotus Pond' because it runs through the pond with a hundred paces. At last (Sima Ye, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty) moved into the lake, and the Hu people returned the seeds to Hu. So far, it is absolutely gone and the pool is full. "