Zhao, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, said in "The Biography of Soldiers": "Those who read" The Master Table "without shedding tears will be unfaithful. Those who read Li Lingbo's Chen Qingbiao without tears will be unfilial. " People who read Han Tui's Ode to Twelve Lang without tears will not have friends. "Well, here, I think we should add another one: those who read Cai Yan's poem" Mourning for the Past "without crying are bound to lose a kindness and kindness!
Cai Yan is actually Cai Wenji, whose real name is Evonne, who lives in Cai Wenji. In the Jin Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Emperor Wen of Jin Dynasty, it was changed to Moon Hee, which has been passed down to this day.
For a long time, in the traditional literature of China, there has always been a saying that Cai Wenji, Zhuo Wenjun, Li Qingzhao and Ban Zhao are called "the four talented women in ancient China". As for the story about Cai Wenji, even The Amethyst is singing: Cai Wenji can distinguish the piano. Xie Daowen can sing hymns. That clever woman and that man should be policemen. . . Unfortunately, it is such a beautiful poetess. Although she has a family background and read a lot of poems, she is jealous of her beauty and has a rough life.
Almost every time I mention her and think of Cai Wenji, I can't help sketching out a desolate scene in my mind: the desert, the sunset, the faint crow, a loud clap and a beard that destroys my liver. . . . Hush horse, gale, Han Jie, sad woman, and her two crying Huwa.
This is not my sentimental empty ink and outline, this is really the most tragic freeze in the history of Cai Wenji!
But Cai Wenji is not the misfortune of born this way. Cai Wenji was born in a famous scholarly family in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Cai Wenji's father is a famous scholar Cai Yong. Cai Yong was a great cultural figure in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and also the most famous writer, musician and calligrapher in history. There are many cultural legends about Cai Yong, such as Jiao Qin Wei and Guangling San, which are related to music. For example, Cao Hubei, which is related to calligraphy; For example, the history of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty is related to history.
Cai Wenji was born in such a noble family, and Cai Wenji was influenced by family education and living environment since childhood. Cai Wenji is not only knowledgeable and memorable, but also good at distinguishing talents and temperament. When Wenxi was very young, she could recognize the sound of the piano by listening to it through the wall. On one occasion, on a whim, Cai Yong sat alone in his study and played the piano. At that time, Wenxi was still young, about six years old, and Wenxi was playing with friends in the next room. Cai Yong played and played, and suddenly the string broke. At this time, Wenxi, who was playing next door, quietly sighed with his friends: "Hey, dad's second string is broken." Cai Yong was extremely surprised, and then he deliberately broke a string, only to hear Wen Xi next door accurately point out: "Oh, no, the fourth string is also broken." Cai Yong was deeply impressed by this talented woman. From then on, she began to teach her daughter to play the piano. Two years later, Wenxi became a performer and won Wei Jiaoqin, her father's favorite. At the age of 65,438+02, Cai Wenji's calligraphy has been truly transmitted by Cai Yong, which is both steady and dignified. It is precisely because of the inheritance of Wenxi and Cai Yong's calligraphy skills that the legend has been carried forward in Zhong You, Wang Xizhi and others. ...
Of course, this is not enough. Wenxi's more amazing "talent show" is still behind. That year, Cai Yong was imprisoned because of Dong Zhuo, and Moon Hee went to intercede with Cao Cao, who had studied under Cai Yong in his early years and was half a student in Cai Yong. Wenxi went to beg him, hoping that he would come forward to save him for his old love. Who knows that Cao Cao has been looking forward to Cai Yong's collection of books for a long time. When he saw his sister begging for mercy, Cao Cao asked, "I heard that my husband's family has many graves. Can you still remember?" Wen Xi said: "In the past, my dead father gave me 4,000 books, but there were no survivors. I recited more than 400 articles today. " Cao Cao said, "Now let ten officials write for your wife." Wen Xi said, "When I hear the difference between a man and a woman, I won't kiss her. Asking for a pen and paper is really grass. " So the book came, and the words were correct. Cao Cao was very satisfied with Wenxi's manuscript and soon agreed to Wenxi's request. "
It's a pity that Cao Cao's rescue was late. In order to repay Dong Zhuo's kindness, Cai Yong was finally implicated and died in prison. Cai Yong's death became the most sensational headline news at that time. At the same time, Cai Yong's death became a watershed in Cai Wenji's life.
In fact, before Cai Yong died, Wenxi was widowed. When Wenxi was sixteen, she married a family named Wei, and her husband's name was Wei Zhongdao. Less than a year after marriage, her husband died of hemoptysis. My parents-in-law disliked Wenxi's husband's death, and her husband's family couldn't stay any longer, so Wenxi had to go back to her family. Fortunately, it was not unusual for aristocratic women in those days to go back to their parents' homes to be widowed. For example, Sima Xiangru's lover Zhuo Wenjun used to be, and Zhuo Wenjun married her husband's family at the age of 16. Her husband died unfortunately, and the family lived a rich life. She simply moved back to her parents' house and finally found a chance to remarry. However, Cai Wenji is far less fortunate than Zhuo Wenjun. Zhuo Wenjun not only waited for Sima Xiangru, a great talent, but Zhuo Wenjun was born in the Han Dynasty in 400 years, which is almost the best time.
Cai Wenji was born in the last days of the most chaotic period of the Han Dynasty. The royal family was weak, eunuchs and consorts alternated in authoritarian power, people's livelihood was depressed, and disasters occurred one after another. Wenxi's husband died. Before long, his family came down and his father died with him. Soon, a generation of talented women became real loners and helpless floating duckweed catkins in troubled times.
As everyone knows, life is like a curse, and suffering to this extent is far from over, because soon, there will be a more terrible misfortune, arrival on her.
2/
In the third year of Chuping, after Dong Zhuo was punished, his Ministry Li Jue and others captured Chang 'an again, and the situation of warlord scuffle finally formed. All walks of life are surging, and the land of the Central Plains is at war again, with corpses everywhere and rivers of blood.
Cai Wenji, alone, was taken to the desert by a group of Xiongnu soldiers from the south to join the refugees in the crisis. At that time, the Huns, although dealing with the Central Plains civilization for hundreds of years, still maintained their barbaric nature. Cai Wenji, a beautiful and noble woman, unfortunately fell into the hands of such a group of savage soldiers of fate. As a prisoner of war, as a woman, the trauma and humiliation she can bear can be imagined!
Wen Xi is less than twenty-three years old this year. This is a painful experience and the most painful history of the people in the Central Plains. That painful history was finally written by weather-beaten Cai Yan into her long poems of blood and tears, poems of grief and indignation-
The Han Dynasty lost power and influence, and Dong Zhuo was in chaos. If you want to usurp the throne, you must first harm the virtuous.
Forced to move to the old state to help the Lord strengthen himself. Xingyi division wants to * * for bad luck at home.
Excellent people come from the east and shine in the sun. The local people are very fragile, and all the soldiers are Hu Qiangren.
Hunting wild cities and besieging cities, I know what I want to break. There is nothing left, and the remains support each other.
A horse hangs a man's head, and a horse carries a woman behind it. Driving west to enter the customs, the road is dangerous and blocked.
I still care. My liver and spleen are rotten. There are several tens of thousands, and gathering is not allowed.
Still flesh and blood, afraid to speak. When you are depressed for a few minutes, you need to talk about your shortcomings.
If you want to be a pavilion blade, I can't live with you. How dare you spare your life? You can't stand being scolded.
Or add pestle, poison and pain are combined into one. The study is sad and the night is sad.
You can't have it if you want to die, and you can't have it if you want to live. It is a misfortune for people with pale faces.
Is this a poem? ! This is not a poem, it is a bloody accusation! This is simply a sad song in troubled times! Every time I read this poem, I can hardly help shivering.
Wenxi has been in exile for more than ten years. As a prisoner of war, she has been far away from her hometown and homeland for more than ten years, and has been devastated and ravaged. In the end, because of her beautiful appearance and refined temperament, she was regarded as the most precious trophy by the Huns. After many twists and turns, she was introduced to Zuo and Xiongnu. Zuo fell in love with her at first sight and became a princess. Of course, she is not the only princess, but one of many concubines. A few years later, Wenxi gave birth to two sons to Zuo.
However, even though Zuo and his two sons had a rest in difficult times, Wenxi's sadness remained undiminished. After all, Wenxi is not others, not an ordinary civilian, not an ordinary prisoner of war and slave! She is the daughter of Cai Yong, a great writer in the Central Plains, and also a talented woman Cai Wenji. The loneliness of leaving home, the pain of different customs and habits, no feelings, only the savage husband of a strange strange bedfellows, all these are like sharp knives, cutting her traumatized heart all the time.
"I'm not greedy and die evil. I can't donate my heart. I still want to return to mulberry and have been dead for a long time. "
This is a heartbreaking sentence she wrote in "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia". She is not afraid of death, nor is she shameless and honest. She can't let herself die in a foreign country. She wants to go home and return to her hometown with a lonely soul. It is this strong homesickness that supports her life along the way.
However, who can really understand her, who is willing to pity her lonely and bitter heart, except for this dumb beard under her slender wrist, except for the desolate desert, except for the yellow sand.
Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia is Cai Wenji's most famous work, and Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia * * has 1297 words. In this long narrative poem, it basically takes seven chapters from the fourth beat to the eleventh beat, which repeatedly describes this heartbreaking and desperate homesickness.
I miss my hometown day and night, which is the most bitter. Natural disasters make the country chaotic and the people have no owners. I am the only one who has no luck. Different customs and different physical difficulties, different appetites, who can talk! It's sad to think about how hard it is to remember clearly. . . . The wild goose south wants to speak, and the wild goose north goes west to win Han Qing. Wild geese fly high, hard to find, but heartbroken and homesick. The folding of the eyebrows caressed Ya Qin to the moon, and the five strokes were profound. . . Beat 8: Why don't you see me wandering alone because heaven has eyes? Why do you see me wandering alone, because God has spirit? I don't live up to heaven, I don't live up to gods, I don't live up to gods. . .
It's really sad to listen, and the listener cries!
Better be a rich dog than a nuisance! Sweep away the rolling dust of history, can we hear and see this eternal swan song, such as resentment as yearning, such as resentment as weeping? In the past two thousand years, how many such Han women have lost their homes, been plundered and suffered terrible pain and sorrow in that unaccompanied foreign country!
3/
However, day after day, year after year, foreign sandstorms dried her tears, and the afterglow of Gobi swallowed up her beautiful youth. . . Her long hair began to be stained with frost and snow like withered weeds, and her desperate heart could hardly burn a little hope!
Finally, at this time, the border of the desert frontier was slowly opened, and the hooves of the Han Dynasty finally rang for her on that lonely road.
"Dongfeng should have more heating, and the son of heaven Xi of Korea's family has Buyang. Hu Qiang sang and danced, and the two countries made love and went to war. Suddenly, every Chinese ambassador called Jin and sent his daughter to redeem me. I am so happy to be alive, and I am so happy to meet the holy king, so I say goodbye to my second son for no reason. Nine times out of ten, it is a mixture of sadness and joy, and you have to live in two emotions. "
Ten years later, she waited for news of her old country. The messengers from her old country and relatives from her hometown came to redeem her. It turned out to be the messenger of Prime Minister Cao, who redeemed her with 200 gold and a pair of white walls.
This year is the fifth year of Jian 'an in the Han Dynasty, just 12 years after Wenxi was demoted to Hu.
This year, in the eventful autumn of China, many great events happened. The biggest thing is that Cao Cao won a decisive victory in the battle of Guandu. This World War I laid the foundation for Mr. Baima Mengde to unify northern China. Since then, no one in the north can compete with Cao Cao.
It was also through this battle that the world was divided into three parts, and the prototype was initially set. The ambitious Cao Cao can spare time to devote himself to martial arts, literature and politics. Therefore, many books believe that Cao Cao chose kindness at this time and sent people to redeem the teacher's daughter in a bitter and cold place beyond the Great Wall in order to repay the teacher's kindness; Secondly, this is not a political face project for Cao Mengde to show off its strength to local governments of ethnic minorities. Of course, there is basically a saying that Cao Cao saw that the great cause of reunification was just around the corner and was busy redeeming Wenxi with a large sum of money, so that she could complete the "continuation of Han Shu" left by her father.
However, this statement has never been very convincing to me!
In fact, my personal impression of Cao Cao has always been very complicated. It is said that writing is speaking from the heart and writing is like a person. I firmly believe that I can write: "What is life like when drinking?" For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. "Mr. Meng De, who wrote such a generous and sad poem, will never be the white-faced traitor we saw in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Therefore, even if I am angry with my daughter, I will do more "emotional" things in Wenxi's return to Han. I have always stubbornly believed that Cao Cao's demand for Moon Hee's redemption is all from the heart, and he has always maintained a noble bosom friend with Moon Hee.
This noble and pure friendship probably includes a great hero who knows the hardships of troubled times and the desolation of life, and has the greatest appreciation, sympathy and pity for a talented woman who has never met before. Maybe this is what Hu Lancheng said: Be merciful, because you know? ! As for whether this is a kind of "love", I'm not sure. But in any case, such a strong "understanding" and "sympathy" is probably a noble and shining truth for any kind of person. !
The world of mortals is misty, the so-called weak water is 3 thousand, and a bosom friend is probably a ladle that can be met but not sought, right? ! Unfortunately, most people have never met it in their lives!
Looking back, let's take a look at Wenxi's return to Korea, a song that can never be sung. Wenxi is Han's. Obviously it should be a comedy, but in fact it has become another tearful and heartbreaking human tragedy.
Twelve years ago, Wen Xi was taken to Hungary as a female prisoner. At that time, she was alone, the only thing she cared about was the rivers and mountains of her hometown, and only the mulberry feelings that were integrated into her blood and bone marrow. However, twelve years later, Wenxi returned to Han. She wanted to give up not only her husband who had been with her for twelve years, but also her two sons. For more than ten years, even if the customs are different and the appetites are different, it is difficult for her and Zuo to have a deep marital relationship. However, the child was born to her after all. In this world, how can there be a real mother-child affection that can be given up? !
This doesn't mean I can't live, but I must go back and caress Hu and cry. Ambassador China greeted me. Who knows? Life and death come with me at this time, worrying about losing my glory as a child. How can I have wings to give you back? Step by step, it is difficult to move, and the soul disappears. There are three beats in ten, and the strings are anxious and sorrowful, and the intestines are stirring. . . . Sixteen beats, endless thoughts, my son and I stand on our side. The sun faces the east and the moon faces the west, so don't be heartbroken. I don't forget my worry about daylily, I don't care whether I play the piano or not! I don't want to go back to my hometown today. Old grievances are settled and new grievances are long! Blood and tears look up and complain to the gray son, Hu lives alone!
Cry and sigh! A hundred turns and a thousand times, a hundred knots. . .
Ah-
I can't knock anymore. What a sad story this is!
Miss my hometown in a foreign country, and miss Hu Er when I go back to my hometown. In such a wild era, mountains are all the way, and water is all the way. That farewell, whether it is mother and son, or husband and wife, is a farewell, a farewell, a farewell!
4/
But Wenxi chose to come back! From one tragedy to another. This is her life, which is beyond her control! Because, she has been homesick for more than ten years, and every moment, she is heartbroken and looking through the autumn water.
However, when he came back, he was still unaccompanied and desolate. Luckily, she still has him. Because of him, she is not a person with nothing. He understands her, sympathizes with her and cherishes her. At the same time, he is so arrogant and has amazing energy.
I feel sorry for Wenxi, who died more than ten years ago. Now she is back, desolate and lonely. In spite of his busy schedule, Cao Cao came out to propose in person, and he became her family and her strong backing. He married her to Dong Si, a charming and noble genius. Dongsi is versatile, versatile, handsome, rich, noble and innocent.
He didn't take Wenxi as his own, didn't take her in the name of secular like "taking" other people's daughter-in-law, and then, once the "holy family" fell out of favor, let her wither like many concubines in the palace. He didn't do that, because they are bosom friends in the spiritual field, and they all admire each other's proud talent and elegant personality charm in the depths of their skins. Only those who truly understand the word "bosom friend" can understand that this kind of affection between them has already surpassed everything in the world, wealth, life and death, and even the secular relationship between men and women.
Wenxi remarried at the age of 35, and Dongsi was only in his twenties.
As expected, the marriage was not very happy, at least at first. Wen Xi's bumpy experience, obviously can not get Dong Si as a husband, can only be at the mercy of others. This is actually normal. Think about it. A proud son in his prime was suddenly married by the "emperor" and married a middle-aged woman who cried all day. This woman is not only old, but also lost her vacation and virginity according to the secular saying. She also had a mixed-race son with someone else. . . Although the ethos of that era was civilized, and women's chastity and virtue have not been overemphasized, this kind of thing will be more or less knotted on anyone.
However, not long after, a great event happened to this newly formed family. Dongsi committed a crime, and I still don't understand what it is. Anyway, when it comes to it, Dong Si directly sentenced Cao Cao to death. The trial came in such a hurry that Cai Wenji, who lives in the boudoir, almost panicked and completely forgot his dignity. He hung his head, his face was dirty, his feet were bare, and he hurried to the Prime Minister's office, crying to see his husband. . .
Alas, poor Yuexi, where did she know that this was the "worst" brother Meng De she wanted to see!
A discerning person knows the play at a glance. Obviously, this is Cao Cao's bitter plan tailored for her. He knew that she had a bad life and was left out by her husband's family, giving her a dirty look and making things difficult. . . How can you make him feel sorry? How can you bear it? So, he set up this article. If he wants to add to the crime, why not insist on it? ! He just wants this young man named Dong to remember her kindness and owe her a debt of gratitude. Sure enough, after this scare, Dongsi was impressed by his wife's saving his life. From then on, his temperament changed greatly and he refused to neglect Wenxi again. He even followed the example of Qi Mei and Wenxi, and never gave up, loving him to death.
Cai Wenji, a talented woman, has been wandering from place to place all her life. She came here through hardships and finally achieved good results. At this point, her story is basically over, but at this moment, there are still many thoughts piled up in my mind.
In fact, these ideas are all about Cao Cao. Seriously, Yuexi is so unlucky and lucky in this life. She is lucky because she has never missed such a man after all the twists and turns in her life. Although they didn't form a husband and wife, didn't add fragrance to their tea, and didn't insist on their words, they became one of thousands of unhappy couples in Qian Qian. However, they still met in troubled times, neither too early nor too late. She promised him a bosom friend, and he promised her a quiet life. Who says this is not a precious fate? !
How many years later, Mr. Meng De, who has been a brave man all his life, is probably old and tired. After finally settling down on the river and sharing the world equally, he suddenly thinks of her. She has long been indifferent to the world of mortals, and only returned to Luoshui with her husband, living in seclusion in a beautiful and wooded foothills. He rode for her again, and when she heard the news, she rushed out to meet her.
After more than a thousand years, I often wonder what my old friends will say when they meet again that day. He will tell her about his country and his kingship. Or quietly listen to her play a new song for him that only he can understand?
Maybe, I mean, it's also possible, just like Emperor Kangxi of the Kangxi Dynasty, just like Aunt Summala who lost all the light. For decades, they have cherished each other all their lives, and their hearts have been quietly integrated in the silent years. In fact, why do you want to say anything? Language is redundant! I can meet each other in the lukewarm sunset, and see each other's figures gradually clear from the ambiguity of missing in a faint smile-
"How are you?"
"I'm fine. . . . "
So, enough! !