First, "propositional speaking" is not a composition, and it is not as difficult as imagined.
The last item in the Putonghua proficiency test is "propositional speaking", with a score of 40, accounting for the largest proportion, accounting for 40% of the total score. It is required to "speak" for 3 minutes without words. Many students think this is the most difficult, and they are worried that they will have nothing to say without reading the manuscript, or they will not be able to say it in three minutes and will not be fluent. This kind of worry actually misunderstood the purpose of this exam and took it as an oral composition. The purpose of this test is to test students' ability to speak Mandarin without words, not to test their composition level, nor to test their language and writing organization ability, nor to test their eloquence. The topic given is only an introduction to the content of the speech, not a composition topic.
The following table compares composition and propositional speech from three aspects: theme, structure and language:
Composition proposition speaking
The theme (center) is prominent and clear.
Be ambitious and innovative.
The structure is complete, rigorous and clear, and there is no requirement.
Language (diction) is concise, literary, concise and fluent.
Composition proposition speaking
The theme (center) is prominent and clear.
Be ambitious and innovative.
The structure is complete, rigorous and clear, and there is no requirement.
Language (diction) is concise, literary, concise and fluent.
If it is difficult to speak in a propositional way, it is true. The pronunciation of some dialects is difficult to control when speaking the manuscript, so it is very necessary to prepare the speech before the exam, so that you can pay more attention to pronunciation during the exam.
Second, how to prepare a "propositional speech"
It is not easy for many students to speak for three minutes in a row, so we must prepare carefully in advance. The 30 spoken English topics specified in the Outline of Putonghua Proficiency Test are the scope of students' preparation, and will not exceed this scope during the examination, which is unified throughout the country. And during the exam, students randomly select two questions from these 30 questions, and then choose one, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the exam.
As for preparation, generally speaking, it is enough to organize ideas, outline and remember key words, and there is no need to write a ready-made manuscript. For different people, 30 questions are different in difficulty. If you find it easier to prepare, sort out the ideas in your mind. If you feel that rational thinking is not enough, then make an outline, which can be coarse or fine, depending on people; If some topics are difficult, go further and list some keywords to help you remember. The reason why we emphasize not to write a ready-made manuscript is because 1 will inevitably recite the manuscript when speaking, which will affect the colloquial color of the tone of speech; After writing the manuscript, thinking will be inhibited by the manuscript, which will affect the fluency of speech.
Third, how to avoid "digression" and "similarity"
If there are any digressions and similarities in students' speeches, points will be deducted according to the length of digressions and similarities. The so-called "digression" means to leave the selected topic and say something else, so the content of the speech must be within the scope of the topic and not digression. Need to be reminded that some students only prepare a paragraph, and no matter what topic they draw during the exam, they will switch to this paragraph, which will change constantly. This is a typical digression, which belongs to opportunistic behavior, and the exam must be deducted according to digression. As for some material content, it can be common in some topics, and it is also possible to make some changes in expression for different topics when speaking, which is not a digression.
The so-called "similarity" refers to reading or reciting ready-made articles or words when speaking. When you speak, you must speak the language of your organization. Don't recite ready-made articles, especially the so-called Putonghua test pronunciation on the Internet. What needs special reminder is that some students adapted from online articles, but most of the words are still the same, which should be regarded as the same deduction.
Fourth, how to avoid "lack of time"?
Proposition speech requires continuous speech for 3 minutes, and points will be deducted if there are vacancies.
The fourth question begins with 1, so try to speak before 10 seconds.
2 If there is a big pause in the middle, it is counted as insufficient time;
If the prepared content is finished and the time is less than 3 minutes, don't stop, don't repeat what you said before, and say a few related words until the end.
5. How to avoid dialect vocabulary and grammar?
When you speak, you should not only speak Mandarin pronunciation, but also use standard Mandarin vocabulary grammar. This is not difficult, just pay a little attention when preparing for the exam. If you have dialect vocabulary and grammar when you speak, you will be deducted.
6. How to avoid "invalid words"?
"Invalid speech" refers to not speaking in Chinese as required during the exam, including singing, speaking a foreign language, uncivilized language, etc. Invalid words will be deducted for lack of time. If the effective speech is less than 30 seconds, this item will be regarded as zero.
Seven, 30 topics and ideas to guide
1. My wish (or ideal)
Desire (or ideal) refers to "the idea of a certain purpose I hope to achieve in the future". Everyone has his own wishes, and different ages have different wishes. Some wishes can be realized through hard work, and some wishes have always been beautiful dreams.
This topic can tell your own wishes, how it came into being, how it changed, whether it has become a reality, or whether it is on the way to realization. You can also talk about your wishes, list the reasons or changes of these wishes one by one, or choose an unforgettable experience and story to describe in detail.
2. My study life
People have been studying all their lives. From the content, my study and life can be kindergarten-primary school-middle school-university, or outside the school, such as professional training in a certain aspect: music, dance, calligraphy, chess, martial arts and other interest classes; Or on-the-job training, vocational skills training, vocational upgrading training and so on. In terms of expression, you can introduce your learning experience and process in chronological order, or you can choose unforgettable people and things to describe it.
If it is the former-describe your school experience, you can talk about your school's geographical location, school size, teachers, classmates' exchanges, major events and so on; Tell us about your study in school, the honors you have won or some lessons you have learned. These can overlap with the selection of the topic "My Collective". If it is the latter, describe the learning experience of short-term training, focusing on the people and things during the study period: character image, personality characteristics, the cause, development and result of things, and the influence and inspiration of these character events on me.
3. People I respect
The people I respect can be celebrities who have a great influence on history, scientists and artists with outstanding achievements, hero models from all walks of life, and typical images in works of art (if you choose these people, the materials can be shared with the title of "My favorite star"); Can be ordinary workers in life, such as my parents, teachers, relatives, colleagues, classmates, friends, and even strangers who meet by chance, as long as they have something worthy of my respect. The person I respect can be a certain person or a certain kind of person.
This topic belongs to the narrative type, and the ideas and materials for selecting the topic can be started from the following aspects: (1) Select typical cases and clearly introduce their admirable behaviors and achievements; Why do I respect them, and what touches, influences and helps their achievements, personality charm and personality cultivation have on me.
4. My favorite animal (or plant)
People cannot live without animals and plants. Not only in rural areas, but also in parks, communities, roadsides and balconies around us are all planted with plants that beautify our living environment: sycamore, pine and cypress, willow, camphor, osmanthus, magnolia, bauhinia, plantain, rose, peony, chlorophytum, morning glory, lotus and so on. If you like animals, you can not go to the zoo. Chickens, ducks and geese scattered in the fields, pigs, dogs, cattle and sheep, lovely cats, pets and goldfish parrots raised by ordinary people can all be the content of your speech.
In the garden-like campus, the flower beds are strewn at random, the flowers and trees are competing for each other, and the birds are singing and dancing among them. As long as you pay attention to observation, you will find a lot of speech materials. In addition, you can also introduce your favorite animals (or plants) in combination with the relevant knowledge learned in biology courses.
Choose an animal (or plant) that you are familiar with or like, talk about its appearance, living habits, functions, reasons why you like it, and introduce the process of your breeding or planting, your experience and lessons or your harvest.
5. Memories of childhood
Everyone's childhood is unforgettable and beautiful, so this topic should have enough oral material. Can comprehensively review the childhood experiences in memory. This kind of panoramic description should be a concise outline, a general description, plus some key embellishments, so that the childhood picture is complete and balanced, and it will not be completely boring. It can also be a close-up fragment description, selecting an interesting childhood experience and some memorable past events, reviewing their occurrence, development and ending, their influence on life and young mind at that time, and their enlightenment to me now.
The full version of topic analysis can be obtained free of charge in Chang Yan Mandarin APP.
Go to the home page of Mandarin APP and click on the notes before the exam.
You can get the secret book of propositional speaking clearance for free.
Eight. Practical exercises and effect tests
After analyzing each topic, do you feel that it is not so difficult to talk about the topic? But the analysis effect of these ideas is definitely limited.
First of all, it is difficult for students to remember the ideas of each topic just by reading it once. Secondly, practice is the only criterion to test the effect. After having an idea, you can really speak clearly and fluently in the formal exam through regular practice. Moreover, it is best for students to get a feedback when practicing, that is, according to this idea, what is said on this topic and what can be corrected. Of course, this kind of feedback is best guided by some professional teachers, but it is difficult to do it in practice, so I recommend students to practice and test with some Putonghua learning software. Easy to get, and the price is relatively close to the people. However, there are many softwares for learning Putonghua in the market, but few have the function of testing oral practice of proposition. I have tried almost all these softwares.
I think Mandarin is more suitable as an app. It is the only software that can grade propositional sounds, and it also has standard sample sounds. Some software directly posts some articles on the proposition speech for students to recite. This is a very undesirable behavior, which is not only not conducive to passing the exam, but also may lead to being judged as the same, so everyone must choose carefully and don't be opportunistic.
Today's sharing here is a summary of some effective experiences and methods that individuals have been engaged in the Putonghua industry for a long time. I hope I can help you. It is not easy to compile, please respect the fruits of labor and don't use them for personal purposes. Please indicate the source, thank you.
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