First, the origin of surnames
Yan surname has three sources:
1, originated from the Western Zhou Dynasty, Cao surname and Lv Hou. According to Liu Chen Custom Biography, Yuan He Shi Bian and Tongzhi Genealogy, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor is Zhuan Xu, and the great-grandson of Zhuan Xu is Lv Zhong. Lu had six sons in his life, and the fifth was Yue An and Cao Shi (one of Zhu Rong's eight surnames). With the help of An Shengsun, he was sealed in Zhu (the old city is in the southeast of Zou County, Shandong Province) and made Zhu a vassal of Lu State. After Yan, as for, the word Yan is also called. After the state of Chu destroyed Guo, some descendants took their grandfather's words as their surnames and called them Yan surnames.
2. It comes from the surname Ji, which originated from the Duke of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, after Boqin. According to the genealogy, the eldest son of Duke Zhou was sealed in Lu. Some descendants of birds are sealed in Yi Yan, so they take the sealed city as their surname and call it Yanxing. Zheng, the mother of Confucius, is the daughter of Lu Guoyan.
His family changed his surname. Jin Nvzhen changed her surname Yan after completing Yan's family name; Manchu surname in Qing Dynasty, living in Daling River; Today, the aborigines, Maonan and Bai nationalities in Taiwan Province Province all have this surname.
Ancestor of surname: Yi Fu. Yan, also known as Gong, was called Zhu Wu Gong after he acceded to the throne. Legend has it that Lu Zhong, the great grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu in ancient times, gave birth to six sons at a time, followed by Fan, Hui Lian and? , Lai Yan, An, Ji Lian. After the Battle of Zhou Wuwang, he tried his best to enfeoffment the vassal state, so he sealed a descendant of Lv Zhong, who was originally a vassal of Lu and later passed on to Yi Fu. Because of his word "Yan", the biography of the ram is called. After Chu destroyed the country, Yan's son and grandson took Wang Fu as their surname and called it Yan's surname. They respect their father as the ancestor of Yan.
Second, migration distribution.
To sum up, the two main sources of Yan surname originated in today's Shandong Province. In the pre-Qin period, Yan's family mainly spread in Qilu area, but at this time, Yan's family had already lived in Henan. For example, according to historical records, in the twenty-seventh year of Zhou Aigong, he died in the battle of Ji because of Yan Zhuoju, and was inherited by his son Yan Jin. Yan's family in the Western Han Dynasty was different from Yan Anle, a native of Lu (now Xuecheng, Shandong Province) who moved to Jiuqing and worked as an official in Qixian County. It can be seen that Yanshi still mainly breeds in Shandong. There were Chu people in the Eastern Han Dynasty, indicating that people with Yan family names moved to Hubei during this period. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Yan, who lived in Langya and Donglu, was not affected by external turmoil. On the contrary, senior officials continue to have a large number of people, and it has developed to Langya, Yanshi, and Lu, Xianhe. Before the Sui Dynasty, a man named Yan moved from Linyi to Guanzhong. In the Tang Dynasty, when this surname Yan spread to Yan Shigu (the 37th generation grandson of Yan Hui), it began to develop and prosper. His sons are Yan Zhaofu, Sun Yan, Yan Weizhen, great-grandson Yan Gao Qing, Yan Zhenqing, Yan Yaoqing, great-grandson Yan, etc. This Yan surname was famous for a while and admired by the world. The fourth son of Zhenqing, Hong, joined the army in Tongzhou, and the official position was Jinling. The eldest son was named Yongxin (now Jiangxi), and the second son was named Pu. At the end of the Five Dynasties, it was named Quanzhou Dehua, so it was a family. Pu's eldest son moved to Yongchun Zhuopu, and his descendants lived in southern Fujian, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Yan entered Sichuan in the Tang Dynasty and was interested in Yan, from Chengdu county magistrate to secretariat. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, because Kang Wang moved to Hangzhou, Yan spread from Lu Yu Province to the south of the Yangtze River. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yan, who lived in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi, moved to Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan to avoid disasters. In the early Ming Dynasty, Yan, as one of the surnames of Sophora japonica settlers in Hongdong, Ming Dynasty, moved to Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hubei and other places. In the early Qing Dynasty, Yan entered Sichuan with Huguang, and then moved to Yunnan and Guizhou. During the reign of Kang Gan, Shandong people surnamed Yan invaded the three northeastern provinces. At this time, there were also people surnamed Yan who crossed the sea to Taiwan Province and then moved overseas. At the end of the Qing dynasty, people surnamed Yan had spread all over the country. At present, people with Yan surname are widely distributed all over the country, especially in Shandong, where Yan surname accounts for about 3 1% of the Han population. Yan's surname is 1 10 in China, with a large population, accounting for about 0. 15% of the Han population in China.
Third, historical celebrities.
Yan Hui: Lu, a sage in the Spring and Autumn Period, was a favorite of Confucius and the most wise of his disciples. Confucius told him, "Don't be angry and don't cross the line." He died young at the age of 32, which was later called "restoring holiness"
Yan Fu: Shandong native, painter and official in Song Dynasty. The grandson of Yan Hui in the forty-eighth generation, the official to the doctor. Yan Gengdao: A native of Pingjiang, Hunan Province, was a scholar in the Yuan Dynasty. Bo Gu is good at poetry, especially at cursive writing and painting.
Yan Hui: Lu Ling (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi) was a painter in Yuan Dynasty. He is good at drawing figures, Buddhism and Taoism, and also doing ghosts. He has a strange shape, but his brushwork is unique, and he is interested in eight aspects of business, which is the first in Wei Wu's paintings in the early enlightenment. There are the Hunting Map of Zhongshan and the Portrait of Li Tie handed down from ancient times.
Yan Zong: a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, was a painter in the Ming Dynasty. A juren, a former Shaowu magistrate, was later a foreign minister of the Ministry of War. Be good at painting landscapes, integrate the northern landscape painting style into the southern landscape painting, and write more plain scenery, which is vigorous and unique. There is the "Lake and Mountain Plain Map".
Yan Zitui: Zijie (AD 531-about 59 1) was born in Linyi (now Shandong Province). Writers in the Northern and Southern Dynasties first served as Sanshou Riding Assistant Minister in Emperor Liang Yuan, and the Western Wei Dynasty broke Jiangling. Therefore, they refused to accept Wei as an enemy of the country and defected to the Northern Qi Dynasty, where they served as Assistant Minister of Huangmen and Governor of the Plain. Later, when the Northern Qi Dynasty died, he defected to the Northern Zhou Dynasty and became an imperial sergeant. During the first year of Emperor Yangdi's reign, he was called a bachelor by the prince, and he was very polite and died soon. He has been running around all his life, suffering from troubled times and often being ashamed of a foreign country. Therefore, his poems are full of sadness and nostalgia. His book "Yan Family Instructions", with a total of 20 articles (see appendix: the 2nd-5th floor below Yan Family Instructions), expounds the way of managing the family, which has far-reaching influence since its publication and is regarded as the originator of China's family instructions monograph.
Yan Shigu: A native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province), a scholar, exegetist, official and author of the Five Classics in the Tang Dynasty.
Yan Zhaofu: Tang Dynasty official, scholar, official to assistant minister, Huazhou secretariat. Gong Zhuan, Shu and Cao Lishu are as famous as my brother-in-law, Yin Zhongrong, and I was praised by my uncle for learning from the ancients.
Yan Zhenqing: Minister and calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty. During the Kaiyuan period, he was a scholar, and he was tired of supervising the empire. Yang was demoted as the Taishou of Weishui for disobeying the orders of the Taishou. He expected that An Lushan would rebel, so he was prepared. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Lushan rebelled. He and his brother Guo Qing * * * rose to respond to the nearby county 17. After the chaos, he entered Beijing as an official and was repeatedly slandered. Later, it was the minister of punishments, named Lu Gong, and the world called Gong. During Su Zong and Dai Zong, he was hated by the Minister of Justice several times. In Dezong, Li Xilie claimed to be the world marshal and captured Ruzhou. Yan Zhenqing was ordered to persuade, but he persevered and was finally killed by Li Xilie at the age of 76. Yan Zhenqing is good and upright, cursive, and his brushwork is calm and vigorous, which is treasured by the world and is called "Yan Ti". The Palace Museum has the ink of his 66-year-old Zhushan Ju Lian. Author of "Yan Wen Ji".
Yan Bowen: A native of Dezhou (now Shandong), he was a painter and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. When Hui Zong was a scholar, he was an official. He is good at figures as well as ink and flowers. His works include Luohan Tu, Cloud Out of the Hole, Wild Water Map, etc.
Yan: Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) was a painter in the Song Dynasty. He is good at painting figures, working on Xiao Zhuan, and writing "Collection of Ancient Zhuan Rhyme", Dr. Zhong. His son, Yan Ruxun, invited a doctor to the court and made a seal.
Yan Guangmin: a native of Qufu, Shandong Province, was a scholar and an official examination worker during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Juvenile wisdom, nine-year-old cursive script, thirteen fairy poems, fu.
In addition, the main names of Yan are: Yan Anle, a Confucian scholar in the Western Han Dynasty; Yan Gaoqing, a Wei Wei in the Tang Dynasty; Yan, a sage in the Ming Dynasty; and Yan Yuan, a thinker in the Qing Dynasty.
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
Lu State: Lu County was established in the early Western Han Dynasty and changed to Lu County in Wei, Jin and Three Kingdoms. Luxian County (now Qufu, Shandong Province); The Western Han Dynasty changed Xue (now Xuecheng, Shandong Province), which is equivalent to Qufu and Surabaya in Shandong Province.
Langya County: Qin Shihuang set up a county to rule Langya (now northwest of Langyatai in Jiaonan County, Shandong Province), and the Western Han Dynasty moved to Wu Dong (now Zhucheng in Shandong Province), which is equivalent to Zhucheng, Linyi and Jiaonan in Shandong Province.
2. Hall number
Fushengtang: Yan Hui, a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, was a disciple of Confucius. He is studious, happy and peaceful. Confucius praised him and said, "Yan Hui is really rare! I ate a basket of rice, drank a ladle of water and lived in a secluded environment. If others are, they will be worried and uncomfortable, but Yan Hui is calm and has not changed his interest in learning! " Yan Hui was completely white at the age of 29 and died at the age of 32. After his death, Lu Aigong once asked Confucius, "Who is your disciple who learned best?" Confucius replied, "There is a best scholar named Yan Hui. When he is angry, he quickly dispels it and never transfers his anger to others. " If you make a mistake, correct it immediately and never make it again. Unfortunately, he died short-lived Now, he is not so eager to learn. "This shows that he is the most wise of Confucius' seventy-two sages and is famous for his virtue. Later Confucianism honored him as "Re-Saint" (Confucius was the most saint, followed by Mencius, followed by Yan Zi).
In addition, the main halls of Yan are Pagoda Hall, Temple, Laoyu Hall, Conggui Hall and Youhong Hall.
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General couplet of Yanshi Ancestral Hall
Four-character couplet of Yan ancestral temple
Breeze Festival;
Restore the sacred source.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet is Yan Zhenqing, a minister and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, whose name is Chen Qing, who was born in Jingzhao for ten thousand years. He was a scholar in the Kaiyuan period and worked in the palace. Because he was rejected by Yang, he became the prefect of the plain. During the Anshi Rebellion, he contacted his cousin, Yan Gaoqing, the prefect of Changshan, and stood up and resisted. Seventeen counties nearby responded, and he was promoted to be the commander-in-chief, with 200,000 soldiers, which made An Lushan dare not rashly attack Tongguan. After the official to the official department, Shangshu, Prince Taishi, and Lu; During the rule of Dezong, Li Xilie rebelled and occupied Cai Zhou. At the age of seventy-six, he was sent to Cai Zhou and refused to be lured by Li Xilie. He was hanged. Calligraphy was studied by Chu Suiliang and Zhang Xu. Block letters are dignified and dignified, and the momentum is open. Calligraphy is vigorous, and it has a great influence on later generations. It is called "Yan Ti" and is also called "Yan Liu" with Liu Gongquan. The second couplet said that Yan Yuan, a native of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period, was a disciple of Confucius. Living in a poor alley, eating and drinking is not for fun. Confucius once praised his virtue and liked him very much. When he died at the age of thirty-one, Confucius was extremely sad and said, "Heaven dies (God wants my life)! The sky is lost! " Later, he was honored as "restoring holiness."
Breeze Festival;
Restore the sacred temple.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
Ditto.
The holy gate is studious;
Wang will make a map.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet refers to Hui in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the most wise of Confucius' disciples and the subject of Confucian virtues. Later people called it "restoring holiness". The second couplet refers to Tang Yan Shigu, who once wrote "Looking at Wisdom".
Virtue is the best;
The voice of the Changshan family.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet refers to the benefits in the Spring and Autumn Period, which is famous for its virtue. The second couplet refers to Tang Yan Gao Qing, who is a false Changshan satrap and is famous for his loyalty.
Don't cheat the darkroom;
It can be regarded as a town god.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet refers to Yan Shuzi in the Warring States Period, who took in a homeless daughter at night and asked him to hold a candle to his destination when he ran out of candles. The second couplet refers to the place where Yan Wenjiang, the filial wife of Qi State, lived in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was named Shen Yan Town.
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Five-character couplets of Yan's ancestral temple
Loyal brothers;
Family education for children and grandchildren.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet refers to Tang Yan Zhenqing and his younger brother Yan Gaoqing, both of whom were martyred. The second couplet refers to Yan Zhitui in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and there are Yan family instructions handed down from generation to generation (see Appendix: Yan family instructions on the 2nd-5th floors below).
The beginning of seven policies;
Three new ingots.
-Yan Shigu wrote Yan Zongtang General Union.
This couplet was written by Yan Shigu (58 1-645), a scholar in the Tang Dynasty. Yan Shigu is a native of Langya. The official book for China. There are five classics.
In the past, I was transported;
After the beginning, the sages are wide.
-Yan Yanzhi inscribed Yan Zongtang Federation.
This couplet was written by Yan Yanzhi, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, when he sent Alice Li to the North. Yan Yanzhi is a native of Langya. Dr. Jin Ziguang's official spokesman Lu. The beauty of the article was the highest at that time, just like Xie Lingyun. There is "Yan Guanglu Collection".
Family training is passed down from generation to generation;
Pagoda rejuvenating.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet is Yan Jiaxun written by Yan Zhitui, a writer in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Yan Zhitui is from Linyi, Langya. There is "Yan Family Instructions" passed down from generation to generation. The second couplet refers to the pagoda tablet written by Yan Zhenqing, a minister and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
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Six-character couplets of Yan's ancestral temple
Uncle doesn't cheat darkroom;
Filial piety is the god of town.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
See "Yan ancestral hall four-character couplet, do not lie to the darkroom; It can be regarded as an interpretation of the real couplets.
Loyalty will last forever;
The beauty of benevolence and righteousness will last forever.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
Couplets refer to the story of Cheng Yan Gao Qing in The History of the Tang Dynasty. Yan Gaoqing, honest, honest and honest, is committed to doing things. Death and loyalty day. The second couplet is the story of Yan Qing, a minister in Tang Dynasty, and Yan, a sage in Ming Dynasty.
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Seven-word couplet of Yanshi Ancestral Hall
Fine book and family law;
There are four seasons of spring in the sketch book
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
This couplet is an anonymous collection of Yan's tablets and calligraphy. Yan refers to Yan Zhenqing (709-785), a minister and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, born in Jingzhao for thousands of years. From an upright official to a senior official in the official department, he was named Duke Lu and called Gong. There is also Yan's collection.
Natural trees with deep eaves;
Floating in the clouds outside the public threshold.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
Ditto.
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Yanshi Ancestral Hall General Union of Seven Words or More
Virtue is very good, and the sages have arrived;
The name of the article is Pixian County, and Fang Qi is blessed.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
The first couplet refers to Yan Hui, a sage of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, whose name was Ziyuan, who was named Yan Yuan. Proud of Confucius. Confucius is the most moral of his disciples. The second couplet is about Yan Yanzhi, a doctor of Jin Guanglu in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Since the Tang Dynasty, Song Li, Li Yuan, Li Ming and Li Qing, you have been a generation;
Entering Fujian means virtue, eternity and gold.
-Yan's Ancestral Hall Federation written anonymously.
This couplet is from the "Taoyuan" Yanshi Ancestral Temple in Houtang Village, Wuxian Township, Tongan County, Fujian Province. Quanlian Hall refers to the time and route when Yan entered Fujian. The publication time of couplets; The line of the bottom line is: "enter Fujian and be virtuous (culture), eternal (spring), golden (door), and peaceful (security), like melons."
Sages return to the holy gate, and filial sons and loyal ministers are all from the East Lu Yan tribe;
Shize detailed family instructions, martial arts, and even followed the Western Qin Dynasty.
-Zhang Wei wrote "Yanshi Ancestral Hall Federation"
This couplet is a couplet of Yanshi Ancestral Hall in Yanjiagou, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province.
Incense is divided into foreign fields, and how dare you make a dust wild sacrifice in the evening meal morning;
Showing worship and guarding the family's training, Zuo Zhao you Mu, why bother to fight for the book.
—— Wu Weiyan's Ancestral Inscription Federation
This couplet is from Yanshi Temple.