Queen Changsun (600-636) was a native of Chang'an. Her ancestors were the Tuoba family of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Her father, Changsun Sheng, was an official in the Sui Dynasty and became General Youxiao Wei. She loved reading since she was a child and was well-versed in ethics. She married Li Shimin when she was thirteen. After Li Shimin was promoted to crown prince, he was made queen. Empress Changsun was frugal by nature, and her mother respected the world. In June of the tenth year of Zhenguan (636), Queen Changsun passed away in the Lizheng Hall of the Harem at the age of 36. In November of the same year, he was buried in Zhaoling. Some people say: Behind every successful man stands a great woman. Taizong of the Tang Dynasty ruled the world and flourished for a while. In addition to relying on a large number of advisers and generals under him, it was also inseparable from the assistance of his virtuous and gentle wife, Empress Changsun. Empress Changsun was the daughter of Changsun Sheng, the general of Xiaowei in the Sui Dynasty. When Changsun was thirteen, she married Li Shimin, the second son of Li Yuan who stayed in Taiyuan at that time, who was seventeen years old. Although she was young, she was already able to fulfill her duties as a woman. , serves her parents-in-law wholeheartedly, takes care of her husband and raises her children, she is a very competent little daughter-in-law, and is deeply loved by her husband and parents-in-law. Li Shimin was a promising young man, both civil and military. At the age of 21, he joined his father Li Yuan in Taiyuan and led an army to capture Chang'an, the capital of Sui Dynasty. Li Yuan ascended to the throne of emperor and became the founder of the Tang Dynasty - Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty. After Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, he named Li Shimin the King of Qin, responsible for controlling the troops in Guandong. Within a few years, Li Shimin wiped out the separatist forces in the Central Plains and completed the great cause of the unification of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty named him the Supreme Commander of Heavenly Policy. General, the position is above other princes. During Li Shimin's campaign in the north and south, Princess Changsun followed her husband closely and took care of his daily life, so that Li Shimin could get a kind of gentle solace like a clear spring after the busy war, which made him more energetic during the battle. Invincible. In August of the ninth year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan gave the Zen throne to the prince Li Shimin because of his old age, and Li Shimin became Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. The rising tide lifts all boats, and Princess Changsun was immediately established as the Queen of Changsun, the mother of the world, fulfilling the prophecy of Mr. Divination that she would "carry all things". As the supreme queen, Changsun did not feel arrogant because of it. She maintained her virtues of being virtuous, respectful and frugal as always. She served the elderly and idle Supreme Emperor Li Yuan very respectfully and meticulously. She would go to greet him every morning and evening. She always reminded the maids beside the Supreme Emperor how to adjust his daily life, and did her best to fulfill her filial piety like an ordinary daughter-in-law. Empress Changsun was also very tolerant and docile towards the concubines in the harem. She did not focus on winning exclusive favors. Instead, she regularly advised Li Shimin to treat every concubine fairly. Because of this, jealousy rarely occurred in Emperor Taizong's harem. It has been very rare in history. Because of Queen Changsun's upright behavior, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty valued her very much. When he returned to the harem, he often talked with her about some military affairs and details of rewards and punishments. Although Queen Changsun was a very insightful woman, she She is unwilling to interfere in national affairs with her special status. She has her own set of principles for doing things. She believes that men and women are different and should perform their own duties. Therefore, she said: "The hen in charge of the morning is not the right way. Women have foreknowledge of political affairs. It's also ominous." Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty insisted on listening to her opinion, but Empress Changsun couldn't resist and expressed her opinion after careful consideration: "It's just to be prepared for danger in times of peace and to accept advice from the wise. Other concubines don't understand it." She suggested. She believed in principles and was unwilling to constrain the emperor with trivial suggestions. She had great faith in the abilities of Li Shimin's advisers and wise men. Li Shimin firmly remembered the words of a good wife: "Be prepared for danger in times of peace" and "Accept advice when you are worthy." At that time, the world was basically at peace, and many generals gradually began to neglect martial arts training. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty often recruited military attachés in his spare time from official duties. They practice shooting skills as a pastime, but they actually urge the military attachés to practice martial arts diligently, and use the performance of the exercises as an important reference for their promotions and rewards. According to the rules of the past dynasties, except for palace guards and individual meritorious officials, other personnel are generally not allowed to carry weapons. In order to ensure the safety of the emperor, someone reminded Tang Taizong: "Everyone is standing beside your majesty with bows and arrows. If anyone has evil intentions and harms your majesty, wouldn't it be a great disaster for the country!" Li Shimin said: "I treat others with a sincere heart, so why should I doubt those around me?" "His style of appointing people on their merits and employing them without suspicion has won the support of his civil and military ministers. As a result, everyone under his command is self-motivated and dare not slack off. Even in times of peace and stability, he does not relax his vigilance. The country has been strong and strong for a long time. , was not afraid of external aggression. Empress Changsun and Emperor Taizong's eldest son Li Chengqian were established as princes since childhood, and his wet nurse, Mrs. Sui'an, took charge of the daily expenses of the prince's east palace. At that time, the palace implemented a system of frugal expenditures. China is no exception and the cost is very compact.
Mrs. Sui'an often grumbled in front of Empress Changsun, saying, "The prince is a future king and should be supported by the world. However, the current expenses are limited and all the utensils are shabby." Therefore, she repeatedly asked for an increase in expenses. But Empress Changsun didn't give in just because she was her beloved son. She said: "As a prince, he has a long future. If the patient's morality is not established and his reputation is not well-known, why should he worry about the shortage of utensils and insufficient expenses?" Her fairness and wisdom won the admiration of all kinds of people in the palace, and everyone was willing to obey her arrangements. Changsun Wuji is the elder brother of Queen Changsun. He is both civil and military. He was close friends with Li Shimin in his early years, and assisted Li Shimin to win the world and made outstanding achievements. He should have been a high-ranking official, but because of his queen sister, he avoided suspicion everywhere. So as not to leave a clue for others. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty originally wanted Changsun Wuji to serve as prime minister, but Empress Changsun reported: "Since I have been entrusted with the palace and occupy a very high position, I really don't want my brothers to arrange the court again to create the image of a family. Empress Lu of the Han Dynasty can do this." A lesson learned from the past. Don’t let your concubine be your prime minister!" Emperor Taizong did not want to obey. He felt that Changsun Wuji should be appointed prime minister based on his merits and talents. . Changsun Wuji is also very worried about his sister's relationship. Don't want to be a very popular minister. As a last resort, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty had no choice but to let him serve as the official and third director of the official ceremony. He had a high position but did not actually take charge of political affairs. Changsun Wuji still refused, on the grounds that "I am a relative of a foreigner, and if I appoint him as a senior official, I am afraid that people in the world will say that your majesty is selfish." "Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said seriously: "I choose people for my official duties only based on their talents. If they are not talented, they will not be used even if they are relatives. King Xiangfu is an example; if they are talented, they will not avoid them even if they are hostile. Wei Zheng is an example of this. , not personal relatives." Changsun Wuji agreed. Both of these brothers and sisters are honest, selfless and noble people. Princess Changle is the apple of the eye of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and Empress Changsun. She has been pampered since she was a child and is a delicate and talented woman. When she gets married, her dowry will be double that of Princess Yongjia. Princess Yongjia was the sister of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. She got married at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty when all businesses were about to flourish, so the dowry was relatively simple. Princess Changle was married during the Zhenguan era when the country was strong, so it was not excessive for Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to ask for more dowry. But when Wei Zheng heard about this, he admonished him when he went to court: "If Princess Changle is more polite than Princess Yongjia, it will be inconsistent with both emotion and reason. Elderly and young should be orderly. Regulations are set, but I hope your majesty will not let others talk about it!" Tang Dynasty Taizong originally disagreed with these words. Times have changed and things have changed, so we don’t necessarily have to stick to the old rules. After returning to the palace, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty casually told Empress Changsun what Wei Zheng had said, but Empress Changsun took it very seriously. She praised: "I have often heard that Your Majesty pays tribute to Wei Zheng, but I don't know why. Now that I heard his advice, he actually introduced the etiquette." Yi suppresses the personal feelings of the master, and he is a minister who knows the true state of the country. I have a deep love for you, but I am still afraid of your majesty's high position. I will check your majesty's color before every word, and do not dare to offend easily. Wei Zheng treats people as ministers. It is rare to be able to resist such alienation, so Your Majesty must obey." So, under the control of Queen Changsun, Princess Changle got married with a modest dowry. Empress Changsun not only praised Wei Zheng verbally, but also sent an envoy to give Wei Zheng 400 pieces of silk and 400 coins. She also sent an oral message saying: "I have heard that justice is upright, and now that I have seen it, I will reward you. It is always appropriate for you to be fair." With this in mind, don't transfer." With the support and encouragement of Empress Changsun, Wei Zheng became more loyal and dedicated, and often went against Yan Zhijian at the court without fear of offending the emperor and important ministers. It was precisely because of him as a brave and loyal admonisher that Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty avoided many mistakes and became a sage king. In the final analysis, Empress Changsun actually had a share of the credit for this. In the eighth year of Zhenguan, Empress Changsun During a visit to Jiucheng Palace with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, he caught wind and cold on the way back, which aroused old chronic illnesses and worsened day by day. Prince Cheng Qian requested a general amnesty for the prisoners and sent them to a Taoist temple to pray for his mother and cure her illness. The ministers expressed their gratitude to the Queen Shengde and all agreed. Even the upright Wei Zheng did not raise any objections; but Queen Changsun herself firmly opposed it. She said: " Life and death are determined by destiny, wealth is in heaven, and cannot be controlled by human beings. If practicing good deeds can extend life, I will never do evil things; if doing good deeds is ineffective, then what is the use of seeking blessings? Pardoning prisoners is a national matter, and Taoist temples are also peaceful places, so there is no need. Why disturb the world because of me?" She understood her righteousness and would not influence state affairs for her own sake throughout her life. Everyone was moved to tears after hearing this. Tang Taizong had no choice but to give up according to her wishes. Empress Changsun's illness lasted for two years, and she finally died in the Lizheng Hall in the hot summer of the 10th year of Zhenguan at the age of only thirty-six. On his deathbed, Shang Yinyin asked Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to treat his virtuous ministers well and not to let his relatives occupy prominent positions. He also requested that he be buried lightly and everything be simple.
Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty did not fully comply with the wishes of Empress Changsun in handling the funeral affairs. He ordered the construction of the Zhaoling Mausoleum, which was very majestic and grand. He also built a tower in the cemetery so that the Empress's heroic spirit could be overlooked at any time. This wise emperor wanted to express his admiration and memory for his good wife in this way. With her virtuous character and selfless behavior, Empress Changsun not only won the admiration of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and people familiar with the matter inside and outside the palace, but also set an example of a good wife and good wife for future generations. By the time of Emperor Gaozong, she was honored as "The Holy Empress Wendeshun" "Nu Ze", which was compiled by hand in ten volumes, has not been handed down. According to records, the content of this book is a collection of outstanding deeds of ancient women. It was read by Empress Changsun to remind herself at any time and use it with her class. "The Female Commandments" written by Zhao is not the same thing at all. During her lifetime, not even her husband had seen this book. Children: Li Chengqian, courtesy name Gaoming, the eldest son of Emperor Taizong. In the third year of Wude, he was granted the title of King of Hengshan, and in the seventh year, he moved to Zhongshan. Taizong ascended the throne and became the crown prince. He was eight years old at the time and was very intelligent. Taizong loved him very much. Taizong's envoys adjudicated the general affairs in a general way. Every time they acted fortunately, they ordered to supervise the country. When it lasts a long time, the good sounds and colors swim slowly, and the bad sleep smells are too bad. At that time, King Tai of Wei had a good reputation and planned to seize his legitimate son. Huan Chengqian was ill, had bad conduct, was afraid of failure, and was at odds with Tai. Yin summoned the left guard deputy to lead Feng Shijin and the assassin Zhang Shizhenghe Qian Chengji to murder Tai, but they failed. In the past, he made a blood alliance with Han Wang Yuanchang, Hou Junji and others and planned to send troops into the West Palace. In the 17th year of Zhenguan, King Qi You rebelled against him, and he was imprisoned and sentenced to death because of his changes. Treat it and everything will be clear. He was deposed as a commoner and moved to Qianzhou. He died in the 19th year. In the Kaiyuan period, the land was returned as a gift. Buried with Zhaoling. Li Tai, courtesy name Huibao, was the fourth son of Emperor Taizong. Shao Shan belonged to Wen, and in the third year of Wude (620), he was granted the title of King of the Capital of the Family. In the second year of Zhenguan (628), he was granted the title of King of Yue and moved to the title of King of Wei. Taizong admired the love of literature among Thai scholars, so he specially ordered a literature museum to be set up in his residence, and he invited bachelors at his own discretion. Tai wrote the geographical records and issued the imperial edict to the Secret Pavilion. In the 21st year of Zhenguan (647), he was granted the title of King Pu. He died at the age of thirty-five. Gong calligraphy. Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong, Great Sage Dahongxiao, Emperor Taizong, and the ninth son of Emperor Taizong, was born in the Li Zhengdian of the East Palace in June of the second year of Zhenguan. In five years, he was granted the title of King of Jin. In the seventh year, he was awarded the title of Governor of Bingzhou from afar. When he was young, he was wise and careful, generous and filial to his friends. When he first taught "The Classic of Filial Piety" to the author Lang Xiao Deyan, Emperor Taizong asked: "What is the key point in this book?" He replied: "A husband's filial piety begins with serving his relatives, ends with serving the king, and finally establishes his integrity." When it comes to a gentleman's affairs, he should be loyal when he thinks forward, and make up for his mistakes when he retreats. He will accommodate his beauty and save his evil. Taizong Dayue said: "If you do this, you can serve your father and brothers and become a minister." "When Queen Wende passed away, King Jin was nine years old. She was deeply moved by her grief. Taizong repeatedly comforted her, so she was particularly fond of her. She was buried in the Qianling Mausoleum with Wu Zetian. Princess Changle, named Li Lizhi, was the eldest son of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. The fifth daughter of Emperor Taizong was buried in Zhaoling. The 16th daughter of Emperor Taizong was buried in Zhaoling. The 19th daughter of Emperor Taizong was buried in Zhaoling.