Liu Desheng, a native of Yingchuan (now Yuzhou City), was a famous calligrapher during the Huan and Ling Dynasties in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The founder of running script calligraphy, because he created a "running script" font between regular script and cursive script, was also called "the originator of running script" by later generations. Although Desheng's running script calligraphy was created in the first generation, its handwriting is beautiful, graceful and unpretentious. The strokes are concise, the book is thick and fast, and it is listed as a "wonderful flower" by later generations.
Chinese name: Liu Desheng.
Alias: Zi Junsi
Nationality: China Three Kingdoms Period.
Birthplace: Yingchuan (now Yuzhou City)
Date of birth: unknown
Date of death: unknown
Occupation: calligrapher
Main achievements: the originator of running script
Representative works: Shu Duan, Collection of Books in Shen Lu, Eighteen Books of Dream English.
Role overview
The history of calligraphy has both ornamental and practical functions. From the ancient notes to the maturity of characters, from the category of seal cutting to writing with brush, the characters have developed from the less standardized and unified seal script to the small seal script, official script, regular script and cursive script. It should be said that great progress has been made. However, the rules of seal script, official script and regular script make it not fast enough; The cursive script is simple and casual, and it is not easy to identify. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, a new style of writing that is easy to write and recognize stood out. Liu Desheng is the man who finished the task.
Liu Desheng is the heir. Yingchuan people. He lived in the period of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling at the end of Han Dynasty. He created a new style of calligraphy-running script. Zhang Tang read "Broken Book" and said, "(Desheng) became famous for his good running script. Although it is made of grass, it is also beautiful, romantic and graceful, and unique. "
Character experience
Liu Desheng, a native of Yingchuan (now Yuzhou City), was a famous calligrapher during the Huan and Ling Dynasties in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The founder of Yan Shu's calligraphy, because he created a "running script" font between regular script and cursive script, was called "the originator of running script" by later generations. Although Desheng's calligraphy is a new creation, its handwriting is beautiful, graceful and graceful, so simple, the strokes are concise, the circle is hidden in the square, the calligraphy is dense, and it is very smart. It was listed as a "wonderful flower" by later generations and was unique at that time. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhong You and Zhao Hu of Wei were famous for learning Desheng calligraphy. The two men studied the characteristics of Desheng calligraphy art and reached a higher level. Great calligraphers Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi have also studied Desheng's calligraphy, and they are very skilled and have reached a perfect height. Zhang Huai in the Tang Dynasty said in his book "preface to harmonious books": "Truth is a few steps in detention, grass is a few steps in release, and Chinese and western people have something to do with books." It can be seen that the calligraphy created by Desheng occupies a high position in the development of calligraphy art and has a great influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations.
Liu Desheng loved calligraphy since childhood, studied calligraphy all his life, and made great achievements in all kinds of calligraphy. According to historical records, one of the eleven popular writing methods of Xiao Zhuan at the end of Han Dynasty came into being after his Stargazing Night. This book is widely circulated, "Confucianism in the post-Han Dynasty is all learned". And those who used calligraphy to influence future generations for a lifetime were the first to create running scripts. Zhang Tang Huai Guan said in the Book End: "The calligrapher was made by Liu Desheng, that is, the little fake of the authentic book. Things are simple and popular, so they are called running scripts. " There is another cloud in the book Duane: Desheng "became famous for his cursive writing." Although it is based on grass, it is also beautiful, romantic and graceful, which was unique at that time. "Liu Desheng's running script is a wonderful product. Shen Lu's Collection of Books in the Ming Dynasty said: "Changing France and Germany into promotion is called cursive writing. It is also true that grass is called grass. "
Liu Desheng's cursive running script, with beautiful font and graceful style, strives for conciseness and simple strokes, and avoids circling from the side. The script is thick, flowing and fast, neither as stiff as regular script, nor as wild and difficult to recognize as cursive script. Once it came out, it became popular. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhong You and Zhao Hu of Wei were famous for learning Liu Desheng's running script. Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Liu Desheng of Wang Xianzhi were both very good at running script, which pushed it to a perfect artistic height.
Although it is a newly created font, it is also very beautiful. Graceful and graceful calligraphy was unique at that time. The calligraphy of Zhao Hu and Zhong You was imitated by Liu Desheng. Everyone says, "This is why Zhong You likes to write books. Hu Shuli's font is very thick, while Zhong Shu's font is very thin. They all study Liu Desheng's calligraphy.
Liu Desheng is famous for his creation of running script, which has a far-reaching influence on the development of calligraphy art in China.
He is the author of Shu Duan, Uncle Shen Luji and Meng Ying's Eighteen-Style Book.
Wei Heng's "Four-body Calligraphy" records: "Wei Chu had a clock, and Hu Erjia was a calligraphy, and they all studied under Liu Desheng." Yang Xin of the Southern Song Dynasty also said: "(Zhong and Hu) all learn Desheng, and Hu Shu is fat and thin." These are popular sayings after the Western Jin Dynasty. Zhong is Zhong You and Hu is. They are both calligraphers who entered Wei at the end of Han Dynasty. Therefore, it is possible for Liu Desheng to spread good books to them. The running script written by Liu Desheng is more beautiful and standardized than the popular new book, but it is obviously more "primitive" than the running script in Jin Dynasty. Judging from the inheritance of Zhong and Hu's calligraphy, calligraphers at that time paid attention to the artistic processing and arrangement of the new book style that arose among the people. This keen artistic vision of literati and calligraphers was more prominent in the Second Jin Dynasty.
Inherited by Zhong and Hu respectively, they have different styles. "Hu Shupang, Zhong Shu thin." But in the Jin Dynasty, their calligraphy surpassed the influence of other calligraphy styles and became the object of court calligraphy teaching. It can be seen that this school of calligraphy, which was initiated by Zhong and Hu, achieved great success after the Han Dynasty because it conformed to the law of the evolution of characters.