In the history of modern Chinese painting, Xu Beihong’s Ma Dubu is unrivaled in the painting world. Among his personal artistic achievements, his horse painting is the most outstanding. He devoted his life to the reform of traditional Chinese painting, and the highest achievement of his traditional Chinese painting reform is his galloping horse. He paid great attention to sketching, and had no fewer than a thousand sketches of horses, and he had learned the anatomy of horses. He knows the bones, muscles, and tissues of the horse well, and at the same time, he is also familiar with the horse's character and temperament. In terms of technique, he used Chinese ink as the main expression method, and also used Western perspective and anatomy methods to vividly depict the heroic posture of the horse. The pen is vigorous and powerful, and the ink is flowing and refreshing. The halo dyeing is all applied according to the body structure of the horse, and the ink color has different shades, which not only expresses the body of the horse, but does not affect the charm of the ink color. Xu Beihong's horses are the product of the fusion of Chinese and Western. This fusion is extremely successful. "Eight Horses" is one of his most famous works. It takes the eight horses of King Mu of Zhou as the theme. The eight horses have different shapes, are elegant and agile, and are indescribable. A treasure trove of treasures. Castiglione's "Eight Horses" Castiglione was born in San Marcellino, Milan, Italy. He studied painting and architecture with Carlo Conara in his youth, and joined the Jesuits of Genoa around 1707. At first, he only painted murals for churches in Italy. In 1714, he moved to Lisbon and Coimbra, Portugal. A few years later he developed considerable interest in China and traveled to China in 1715. During this period, he studied Chinese in Macau and adopted "Lang Shining" as his Chinese name. Other Painters Many other painters have paintings with the same title, such as: Ai Qimeng, named Xing'an, Bohemian. Born in 1708 (the 47th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), he came to China in 1745 (the 10th year of the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty). Together with Lang Shining (he also had a painting of "Eight Horses"), he was worshiped by the Qing Dynasty Painting Academy. He was good at He painted animals, flowers and birds, served in the Ruyi Pavilion, and was awarded the third rank. He died on October 16, 1780 (the 45th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty) at the age of seventy-two. Ai Qimeng's paintings, like Castiglione, integrated Western painting techniques into Chinese meticulous painting, becoming a unique new style in the history of Chinese Qing Dynasty painting. "Eight Horses" is his representative work of realism. The eight horses painted are as big as real horses. They are all rare and famous horses that were paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty from Central Asia and other places. They have different shapes and lifelike shapes, which fully reflects the author's superb sketching skills. The work is on silk, and the picture is engraved with the imperial seal of "Treasure of the Emperor Qianlong's Imperial View" and the inscriptions of praise from important officials of the imperial court. Its large size, huge and sophisticated mounting are rarely seen in the history of painting, and it has high documentary and artistic value. The "Eight Horses" was originally for the imperial court and is now in the Nanjing Museum. Xu Beihong's "Eight Horses" Edit this paragraph Xu Beihong's "Eight Horses" Famous paintings handed down from ancient times In the history of modern Chinese painting, Xu Beihong's horses are unique in the painting world, and no one can compare with them. Among his personal artistic achievements, his horse painting is the most outstanding. He devoted his life to the reform of traditional Chinese painting, and the highest achievement of his traditional Chinese painting reform is his galloping horse. He paid great attention to sketching, and had no fewer than a thousand sketches of horses, and he had learned the anatomy of horses. He knows the bones, muscles, and tissues of the horse well, and at the same time, he is also familiar with the horse's character and temperament. In terms of technique, he used Chinese ink as the main expression method, and also used Western perspective and anatomy methods to vividly depict the heroic posture of the horse. The pen is vigorous and powerful, and the ink is flowing and refreshing. The halo dyeing is all applied according to the body structure of the horse, and the ink color has different shades, which not only expresses the body of the horse, but does not affect the charm of the ink color. Xu Beihong's horses are the product of the fusion of Chinese and Western styles, and this fusion is extremely successful. "The Picture of Eight Horses" is one of his most famous works. It takes the eight horses of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty as the theme. The eight horses are of different shapes, elegant and agile, and are rare treasures. Many other painters have paintings with the same title, such as: Ai Qimeng, named Xing'an, Bohemian. Born in 1708 (the 47th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), he came to China in 1745 (the 10th year of the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty). Together with Lang Shining (he also had a painting of "Eight Horses"), he was worshiped by the Qing Dynasty Painting Academy. He was good at He painted animals, flowers and birds, served in the Ruyi Pavilion, and was awarded the third rank. He died on October 16, 1780 (the 45th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty) at the age of seventy-two. Ai Qimeng's paintings, like Castiglione, integrated Western painting techniques into Chinese meticulous painting, becoming a unique new style in the history of Chinese Qing Dynasty painting. "Eight Horses" is his representative work of realism. The eight horses painted are as big as real horses. They are all rare and famous horses that were paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty from Central Asia and other places. They have different shapes and lifelike shapes, which fully reflects the author's superb sketching skills.
The work is on silk, and the picture is engraved with the royal seal of "Treasure of the Emperor Qianlong's Royal Views" and the inscriptions of the important officials of the imperial court. Its large size, huge and sophisticated mounting are rarely seen in the history of painting, and it has high documentary and artistic value. "The Picture of Eight Horses" was originally for the imperial court and is now in the Nanjing Museum. "Eight Horses" by Ren Bonian Ren Bonian (1840-1896) "Eight Horses" Introduction to the author: Ren Bonian (1840-1896) Ren Yi, nicknamed Xiaolou, was born in Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He Shengzi, who inherited his family's education, is honest and straightforward. The characters, flowers and birds imitate the double hook method of the Song Dynasty, with strong colors and vivid white drawings, which are very close to Chen Hongshou. Before he reached his prime, he was already very important in the north and south of the Yangtze River. Later, I got a picture album of Bada Shanren, and learned more about how to use the brush. Although the painting is extremely detailed, it must be done with the center of the wrist, painting landscapes intermittently, meditating alone, and suddenly gaining something, quickly picking up the brush, dripping and pure, and full of atmosphere. Calligraphy also refers to the meaning of the calligraphy, which is strange and unusual. Selling books at sea, his reputation is impressive. Pay equal attention to Hu Gongshou. "Eight Horses" by Ma Jin Ma Jin is a famous horse painter in the traditional school of Beijing painting circles who blends Chinese and Western styles. When he entered the painting world with Francesco Castiglione, it was at the time when Kang Youwei advocated "the combination of Chinese and Western art to create a great master" and "Cangshining should be regarded as the great ancestor". However, under the guidance of Jincheng and Chen Shizeng, Ma Jin not only extensively studied ancient academic painting and literati painting traditions, but also extensively studied calligraphy and seal cutting, and was able to correct copying with sketching. In the 1930s and 1940s, when his meticulous realistic painting style matured, he began to strengthen the Chinese flavor in the paintings. By the 1950s and 1960s, he had perfected his unique meticulous realistic style in paintings of horses, cows, flowers and birds, and introduced a freehand style of freehand brushwork that combined formal and calligraphy. Ma Jin's meticulous and realistic works are full of body and texture, workmanship without restraint, fineness without fragmentation, clean and beautiful, elegant and popular, and are far away from Lang Shining's "very careful and detailed but revealing ingenuity". His small freehand works are simple, comprehensive and vivid, with pen and ink, and are written with craftsmanship. In addition, he also has considerable attainments in kite making. He once served as the head of the Chinese Painting Research Society Service Agency and a painter at the Beijing Chinese Painting Academy. His works include illustrations for the two books "The Bear Hunting Child" and "Doctor Alof". Gu Baoxing's "Eight Horses" Gu Baoxing's nickname is Gu Ma. He is the third generation descendant of Mr. Ge Xianglan, a horse painter, and a disciple of Mr. Hu Chengrong. He also studied under Mr. Yaming, a painter of the Jinling School, and was good at animals, tigers, horses, dragons, etc. His representative works: "Hundred Horses", "Eight Horses", "Hundred Tigers", "Five Tigers", "Morning Mist in Sanqing Mountain", "Return", "Immediately Becoming a Marquis", "Loyalty, Filial Piety and Justice" 》. The names of the houses are Han and Tang Jingshe, Jinyuan Shanfang, and Jintangxuan. The hazy background of Jiangnan also has a unique charm. Appreciating his eight-horse painting, there is a calmness where the dust has settled, a tranquility where all the wind and smoke are clear, and a calm and elegant broad-mindedness. Like a soldier who takes off his military robe, away from the flames of war, he grazes in the Nanshan Mountains and sings a song about the great river eastward. Indifference is not a retreat from frustration, nor an escape from despair. But in the long river of time, he has already traveled thousands of miles, experienced the wars of gold and iron, the light of swords and shadows, and regained the long rivers and mountains with heroic ambition. Eight horses, with different shapes, elegant, agile, free and unrestrained. His horses were scattered along the willow-shaded waterfront. Some were content with the status quo, some were reminiscing about the past, and some were looking into the future. The fate of the horse is like the fate of the human being, the temperament of the horse is like the temperament of the human being, and the posture of the horse is like the posture of life