Okamoto took a boat from Yokohama on May 29th 1884, and arrived in Shanghai on June 6th to meet old friends Wang Tao and other Shanghai celebrities. Then visit Suzhou and Hangzhou, enjoy places of interest, visit celebrities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang such as Yu Yue, and visit descendants of Zhu Shunshui. During his visit to China, Okasaki conducted extensive cultural exchanges between Japan and China and met many Japanese officials and scholars. Nearly 200 people mentioned their names during his sightseeing trip alone.
In addition to friends Wang Tao and others, I have also met Li Hongzhang, Zhang Zhidong, Sheng Xuanhuai and other dignitaries, Yu Yue, Li Ciming, Wang Shiduo and other celebrities and scholars. When communicating, we often talk about questions and answers in writing, sometimes translated by Wang Tizhai who accompanied us. The exchange covers a wide range, involving politics, economy, culture, academics and other aspects.
2. Painting a sage in a snow boat-the exchange of paintings between China and Japan in the Ming Dynasty.
1463, Sesshū Tōyō accepted the invitation of Da Nai, a famous warlord who became rich through trade with the Ming Dynasty, and went to Zhoufangguo (now Shankou County) in the west of Honshu. Sesshū Tōyō hopes to have the opportunity to go to China from here and learn directly from the painters of the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, he can see more ink paintings from China here. He founded Yunguxuan Studio in Zhou Fang, engaged in painting creation, and his reputation gradually spread all over the country.
1467 March, Ming boat arrived in Mingzhou, Zhejiang, China (now Ningbo). After landing, Sesshū Tōyō first visited the Jingde Temple in Tiantong Mountain in the east of Mingzhou. Sesshū Tōyō was deeply respected by the monks in Tiantongshan and won the honorary title of "the first Buddhist temple in Tiantongshan". Therefore, his paintings are often inscribed as "Tomorrow's First Sesshū Tōyō Pen".
In May, Sesshū Tōyō and his party arrived in Beijing. In addition to attending some ceremonial activities of the Ming delegation, I mainly visited my teachers and friends and learned Zen painting. He studied China's ink painting techniques, such as coloring, ink splashing and smudging, under the famous painter Li in Ming Dynasty.
Sesshū Tōyō's vision was not limited to China painting circles at that time. He understands Buddhism and explores the essence of ink painting. The long cultural tradition of China and the magnificent landscape of China have profoundly influenced Sesshū Tōyō's philosophy and view of nature.
3. Rong Xi-a Japanese Zen master who spread the wind of drinking tea.
Rong 1 168 brought China's tea seeds back to Japan when he first returned to China in the Song Dynasty. 1207, the master at the end of the mountain was outstanding, and he asked Zen in the west. Rongxi invited him to tea and gave him tea seeds. Gaobian planted tea trees in Hegui Mountain, producing precious local tea and becoming a famous tea-producing place in Japan. However, most of the tea varieties in famous tea-producing areas such as Uji were transplanted from Tsurui.
1 19 1 year, when Yung-hee returned from the Song Dynasty for the second time, he landed on Hirado Island in Nagasaki Prefecture because of the strong wind and planted tea seeds in Fuchun Garden there. The following year, Rong dedicated his book "Drinking Tea for Health" to the shogunate, which was the first tea book in Japan. Therefore, the custom of drinking tea first prevailed among Zen monks, and then spread to secular society. With the popularization of tea planting, drinking tea has become a Japanese custom.
4、? Monk Jian Zhen —— A high-ranking monk who preached scriptures in Du Dong in the Tang Dynasty.
In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), the Japanese sent monks Rong Rui and Pu Zhao to study in China. Rong Rui and Pu Zhao, Japanese monks, were entrusted by the Japanese Buddhist community and government to invite Jian Zhen to give lectures in Japan, in order to give precepts to Japanese believers. At that time, all the monks in daming temple were silent, but only Jian Zhen decided to go east.
In the second year of Tianbao (743), Jian Zhen and his disciples Xiang Yan and Daoxing began to cross eastward. Crossing the sea five times in ten years, after difficulties and obstacles, failed because of storms, reefs, shipwrecks, sacrifices and the obstruction of some local officials; Especially for the fifth time, it was attacked by bad winds and wild waves, and drifted at sea for 14 days, and finally drifted to Zhou Zhen (now Ya 'an County) in Hainan Island.
On the way back, 62-year-old master Jian Zhen suddenly suffered from an eye disease. His eldest disciple Xiang Yan died, and so did the Japanese monk who invited him, but his ambition of crossing the river to the east remained unchanged.
In the 12th year of Tianbao (753), on November 15th, he led more than 40 disciples to set out from Yangzhou (Guazhou Town now enters the estuary) and set out across the sea for the sixth time. In the same year, he landed in Saqiu's wife, Upu (Kagoshima, south of Kyushu, called Qiuyuepu), passing through Taizaifu, Osaka and other places, and entered the Japanese capital Heichengjing (now Nara) the following year, which was warmly welcomed by Japanese monks and nuns.
Realized Du Dong's ambition. After that, Jian Zhen worked tirelessly in Japan for ten years, spreading various cultural achievements of the Tang Dynasty, and was praised by the Japanese people as "the father of culture" and "the father of legalism".
5、? Rosen and His Diary of Japan —— Pioneers of Cultural Exchange between China and Japan in Modern Times
During 1853' s first visit to Japan, Rosen felt that dealing with the Japanese and making agreements could not be separated from the Chinese. Therefore, when Perry's fleet set off for Japan again in 1854, he invited his friend Rosen to be the Chinese interpreter of the fleet, and Rosen accepted the invitation to Japan.
Rosen conducted many cultural exchanges between China and Japan during his stay in Japan. He made extensive friends with people from all walks of life in Japan. Besides officials, he also contacted scholars and monks. Many Japanese also took the initiative to communicate and talk with Rosen, asking him about China and expressing their "admiration for China's cultural relics".
He found that Japanese people "love China's poems", and many people sang China's poems with him, gave each other calligraphy and painting, and more people asked him to write inscriptions and fans. According to his diary, he wrote more than 500 fans for the Japanese in Yokohama a month, while in Shimoda, he "wrote more than 1000 fans" in January. Today, in the archives of Matsumae Castle in Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan, there is still a poem by Rosen presented to a big fan of Matsumae Laojiadao.
Rosen also asked Japanese calligraphers for advice. He heard that Shimoda scholar Yun Song Wo is good at writing with a pen (that is, writing with a pen in his mouth) and asked him to write a dozen cursive scripts, which is quite "flying". This is the earliest calligraphy exchange between China and Japan in modern times.