Zuo Si, a writer in Jin Dynasty, was a naughty boy when he was a child, and he didn't like reading. Father often loses his temper, but Xiao Zuosi is still very naughty and refuses to study hard.
One day, Zuo Si's father was chatting with his friends, who envied him for having a clever and lovely son. Zuo Si's father sighed and said, "Stop talking about him. Zuo Si's study in childhood was not as good as that in my childhood. It seems that there is not much promise. " Said, and a look of disappointment appeared on his face. All this was seen and heard by Xiao Zuosi. He is very sad and thinks it is really useless not to study hard. So, I secretly made up my mind that I must study hard.
Day after day, year after year, Zuo Si grew up gradually. Because of his persistent hard work, he finally became a knowledgeable person, and his articles were very good. He spent a year writing Du Fu of Qi, which showed his talent in literature and laid the foundation for him to become an outstanding writer. After that, it is planned to write Sandu Fu with the customs and products of the capitals of Wei, Shu and Wu in the Three Kingdoms as the content. In order to reach a certain level in content, structure and language, he devoted himself to research, carefully wrote and forgot to eat and sleep for ten years, and finally wrote the literary masterpiece Sandu Fu.
Sandu Fu has always been criticized, and people compare it with Sandu Fu, a literary masterpiece of Han Dynasty. Because printing had not been invented at that time, people who loved Sandu Fu had to scramble to copy it. Because there were too many people copying it, the supply of paper in Luoyang, the capital, was in short supply, and the price of paper in the whole city once rose sharply.
This story comes from the biography of Jin Shu Wen Yuan Zuosi. The idiom "Luoyang paper is expensive" praises the popularity of excellent works.
Idiom story-suspicious neighbor stealing axe
Once upon a time, a countryman lost an axe. He thought it was a neighbor's son who stole it, so he paid attention to what the man said and did everywhere. The more he looked at it, the more he felt that he looked like a thief stealing an axe. Later, the man who lost the axe found it. It turned out that he accidentally lost his way in the valley when he went up the mountain to cut wood the other day. After finding the axe, he met his neighbor's son again. Look at him again. He doesn't look like a thief.
Suspecting neighbors and stealing axes: not paying attention to facts, being suspicious of people and things.
The second step is to "encourage seedlings"
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a farmer in Song State. He always thinks that the crops in the field grow too slowly. He went to see them today and tomorrow and felt that the seedlings never seemed to grow taller. He thought to himself: Is there any way to make them grow taller and faster?
One day, he came to the field and pulled up the seedlings one by one. It took a lot of effort to pull up a large number of seedlings one by one. When he finished pulling out the seedlings, he was exhausted, but he was happy. When I got home, I boasted, "I'm exhausted today." I helped Miao Miao grow several inches! " "Hearing this, his son hurried to the field and found that all the seedlings in the field were dead.
3. It's past praying for
There was a nobleman named KATTO in the Zhou Dynasty. KATTO is not only talented in poetry, but also good at managing state affairs. Later, he was by Zhou Liwang's side to help handle state affairs. However, Zhou Liwang is arrogant and misinterprets the law. Treacherous court officials try their best to please. KATTO bluntly advised him and listed the disadvantages of state affairs, but the treacherous court official spoke ill of him in Zhou Liwang's ear. Zhou Liwang is very tired of KATTO. Since then, treacherous court officials have gone in and out, ignoring KATTO. KATTO was very angry and wrote a poem, which was later included in The Book of Songs. In the poem, he attacked the traitor and said, "There is no cure for evil!"
"incorrigible": terminally ill, medicine can't save it. The latter metaphor is that things are too bad to be saved.
riding the winds and breaking the waves
In the ancient Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was a general named Zong Qiming in Song State. He was brave and ambitious since he was a child. One day, Zong Yi's uncle asked him what his ambition was, and Zong Yi replied, "I would like to ride the wind and waves." I must break through all obstacles, go forward bravely and make a difference. After studying hard and working hard, Zong Yi finally became a general who can be good at fighting.
Later, people used "braving the wind and waves" to describe the spirit of facing difficulties.
5. A layer of water
During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Zhou Dynasty in the north and the State of Chen in the south were bounded by the Yangtze River.
Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Prime Minister of Northern Zhou Dynasty, abolished Emperor Jingdi of Zhou Dynasty, established Sui Dynasty on his own.
Determined to destroy the State of Chen, he once said, "I am the parents of the whole country. Is it because there is a Yangtze River as narrow as a belt that I watch the people in the south suffer and don't save them? "
Later, people used "only a strip of water" to describe that the two places are very close, with only a narrow water area.
6. High mountains and flowing water
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Yu Boya, who was proficient in temperament and superb in piano skills. He was a famous pianist at that time. When Yu Boya was young, he was smart and eager to learn. He has learned from others and his piano skills have reached the level. But he always feels that he can't express his feelings about all kinds of things in a superb way. Boya's teacher knew his idea and took him to Penglai Island in the East China Sea by boat, so that he could enjoy the natural scenery and listen to the waves of the sea. Boya looked up and saw the waves surging and splashing; Seabirds are roaring and singing; The lush trees in the forest are like entering a fairyland. A wonderful feeling arises spontaneously, as if the harmonious and beautiful music of nature rises in my ear. He couldn't help playing the piano, his voice turned at will, and the beauty of nature was integrated into the sound of the piano. Boya experienced an unprecedented realm. The teacher told him, "You have learned."
One night boating in Boya. Facing the cool breeze and bright moon, he was full of thoughts, so he played the piano again, and the sound of the piano was melodious and getting better. Suddenly I heard someone screaming on the shore. When Boya heard the sound, he got out of the boat and saw a woodcutter standing on the shore. Knowing that the man was a bosom friend, he immediately invited the woodcutter aboard and played for him with great interest. Boya played a tune praising the mountains, and the woodcutter said, "How wonderful! Majestic and solemn, such as Mount Tai towering into the clouds! " When he played the surging waves, the woodcutter said, "How wonderful! Vast and boundless, it seems to see rolling water and boundless sea! " Boya was excited and said excitedly, "bosom friend!" You are really my bosom friend. "This woodcutter is Zhong Ziqi. Since then, the two have become very good friends.
This story comes from Liezi Tang Wen. The idiom "high mountains and flowing water" is a metaphor for bosom friends and wonderful music.
7. A word teacher
Refers to a teacher who corrects a very key word in an article.
This language comes from Tao Yue's Supplement to the History of the Five Dynasties in the Song Dynasty.
The Tang Dynasty was a very prosperous period in the development of feudal society in China, and literature and art were also very developed, among which poetry was the most representative. At that time, there were not only many poets but also many poems, and the level of art and content was very high.
Among many poets at that time, there was a poet named Miracle. One winter, in vilen after the heavy snow, he saw plum blossoms proudly blooming, so he wrote a poem "Early Plum" to recite the plum blossoms in full bloom in early winter. There are two lines in this poem: In the former village of Zita Law, several branches opened last night. He felt very satisfied after writing it.
A man named Zheng Gu, after reading this poem written by Miracle, thinks that the meaning of this poem is not exhausted. So, after repeated thinking and deliberation, he changed these two poems into: In the old village of Zita Law, he opened a branch last night. Because he thinks that since there are several plum blossoms, it can't be considered as early plum blossoms.
Zheng Gu's changes, although only changed the number into a word, only changed a word, but it made the theme of Morning Plum more appropriate and the artistic conception of the poem more perfect. Qi was very appreciative of this change in Zheng Gu. At that time, he called Zheng Gu his own lyricist.
Concentrate
Once upon a time, there was a chess player named Qiu. His chess skills are superb.
Qiu has two students studying chess with him. A student is very absorbed in learning from the teacher. The other one didn't. He thinks it's easy to learn chess, so there's no need to be serious. When the teacher explained, although he sat there, his eyes seemed to be looking at the chess pieces, but his heart was thinking, "If I kill a swan in the wild now, it will be a delicious meal." Because he is always daydreaming and absent-minded, the teacher doesn't listen at all.
As a result, although both students are famous teachers, one has made rapid progress and become a famous chess player, while the other has not learned any skills.
Look at the picture and find a good horse-follow the clue to find something
Sun Yang had a son who read the "Xiangma Jing" written by his father. He thought it was easy to kiss up to horses, so he took this book and looked for good horses everywhere. He followed the pattern drawn in the book and found nothing. I searched according to the characteristics written in the book, and finally found a toad with characteristics very similar to those written in the book. I happily took toad home and said to my father, "Dad, I found a swift horse, but the hoof was almost the same." Father couldn't help laughing when he saw it. He didn't expect his son to be so stupid, so he said humorously, "It's a pity that Matthew likes to jump and can't be used to pull a cart." Then he sighed: "Follow the map."
Golden Millet Dream―sheer daydream
Idiom to dispel doubts: describe a big dream, or compare it with an empty joy.
Idiom origin: Tang ligong wrote biography of Conan satrap.
Idiom story: Chunyuba came from the Tang Dynasty. Once, because he was drunk, he couldn't help resting under the locust tree in the yard. I didn't expect him to fall asleep In his dream, he saw King Huai 'an send someone to take him to Huai 'an, and then he married his beloved princess and appointed him as the magistrate of Conan County.
During this period, Chunyuba managed Conan very well, and the king appreciated him very much. His five sons were knighted and his two daughters were married to the prince, so his position in Huai 'an was very high.
Later, Chunyu Kun's army was defeated when he attacked the county, and then his wife became seriously ill. All these misfortunes made Chun Yuba not want to stay in the county, so he returned to Beijing. However, in Beijing, someone spoke ill of Chunyuba in front of the king, and the king did not verify it, so he arrested his children and sent them back to his hometown. As soon as I left Huai 'an, Chunyuba woke up and realized that it was a dream.
Soon, Chunyuba found an ant hole under the locust tree in the courtyard, and there was a palace made of mud in the hole, and so on. It suddenly dawned on him that the Huai he saw in his dream should be this ant hole. The highest branch of Sophora japonica may be Conan County, where he is the magistrate.
Chun Yu remembered everything about Conan in his dream and felt that things were impermanent. The so-called wealth and fame really disappeared easily, so he finally retired to the door.
The story comes from Yang Shen's "Yilin Felling Mountain" in the Ming Dynasty. The idiom "from the book" means to do things mechanically in the old way and not know how to be flexible; It is also a metaphor to look for things according to certain clues. (End)
To teach fish to swim
Quarrying a pile of soil by the river, Li Bai is famous for ages;
There are poems coming and going, making a big axe in front of Lu Ban.
This is the name of Li Bais Tomb written by a poet in the Ming Dynasty. Li Bai was a world-famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, and his fame spread through the ages after his death. How many literati pass by Li Bai's tomb and miss stopping for a minute to express their inner feelings by chanting poems. And their behavior can only be arty, "playing tricks in front of Lu Ban", which is too much.
Lu Ban was a native of Lu during the Warring States Period. He is an expert in making exquisite instruments. People call him an "able man", and people always regard him as the ancestor of carpenters. Who dares to show off his axe skills in front of Lu Ban, that is to say, to show off his skills in front of experts? This ridiculous behavior of being too modest is referred to as "playing axe in front of Lu Ban" or "playing axe in front of Lu Ban". This is similar to the saying of "playing broadsword in front of Guan Gong".
As a matter of fact, the idiom "teach fish to swim" took shape as early as the Tang Dynasty. Writer Liu Zongyuan has such a sentence in a preface: "Fuck the axe at the door of the class, Yaner!" It means too thick-skinned to show off the skills of using an axe in front of Lu Ban and Ren Ying (also skilled axe hands).
This idiom is sometimes used as a word of self-modesty, which means that you dare not show off your skills in front of experts.
Panic about the shadow of the bow in the cup-fear of the shadow
One day, Le Guang invited his friends to drink in the hall at home. When that friend was drinking, he suddenly saw the shadow of a small snake shaking in his glass. He was disgusted, but he drank the wine anyway. I feel uncomfortable and uneasy after drinking it. I got sick when I got home.
A few days later, Le Guang heard the news that his friend was ill and knew the reason why he was ill. Le Guang thought, "There will never be a snake in the glass!" So he ran to the place where he was drinking that day. It turns out that there is a colorful bow on the wall of the hall. The shadow of the bow happened to fall where his friend put down his glass, so Yue Guang ran to his friend and explained the reason. After the man understood the reason, he immediately recovered.
Later, people used the metaphor of "a cup bow and a snake shadow" to be suspicious and ask for trouble.
Bole comments on horses-praising people who are good at discovering talents
Legend has it that the fairy who manages horses in the sky is called Bole. In the world, people call people who are good at distinguishing the good from the bad horses Bole.
The first person is Bole, whose real name is Sun Yang, and he was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. Because of his excellent research on horses, people forgot his original name and have simply called him Bole until now.
On one occasion, Bole was entrusted by the King of Chu to buy a good horse that could walk thousands of miles every day. Bole explained to the king of Chu that swift horses are rare and hard to find. He needs to travel around the country. Please rest assured that the king of Chu will try his best to get things done.
Bole traveled to several countries and carefully inspected Zhao Yan, which is rich in famous horses. It's hard, but I still haven't found a good horse I like. One day, Bole came back from Qi. On the way, he saw a horse pulling a salt cart and struggling on a steep slope. This horse is tired and it is difficult to take every step. Bole has always been close to horses and walked towards him involuntarily. When the horse saw Bole approaching, it suddenly raised its head, widened its eyes and screamed loudly, as if to tell Bole something. Bole immediately judged from his voice that this was a rare good horse.
It's hard to get
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous man named Mi Fei, who was outstanding in talent. At that time, Kong Rong, a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, especially appreciated him and recommended him to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. He wrote: "The emperor's room and royal residence must store extraordinary treasures. If it is equal, it is rare. "
Xian Di didn't dare to decide, so he handed Kong Rong's recommendation form to Cao Cao. Cao Cao loves talents, so he summoned Mi Heng. I didn't know that Mi Heng looked down on Cao Cao and was rude to him. Cao Cao appointed Mi Fei as the drummer and ordered him to play drums to entertain guests at the banquet. Who knows that Miheng beat the drums and cursed Cao Cao, which made Cao Cao very embarrassed. Cao Cao sent Miheng to Jingzhou to surrender Liu Biao, trying to kill him by Liu Biao's hand. Unexpectedly, Liu Biao regarded Mi Fei as a guest of honor, and every time he discussed or issued a proclamation, Mi Fei made a statement. Later, Mi Heng was disrespectful to Liu Biao. Liu Biao sent him to Huang Zu's department as a secretary. Miheng is arrogant and domineering. Finally, he was killed by Howie.
The idiom "rarity" comes from this and describes it as very rare and rare. Mostly used to praise talented people.
Desperate
There was a nobleman named KATTO in the Zhou Dynasty. KATTO is not only talented in poetry, but also good at managing state affairs. Later, he was by Zhou Liwang's side to help handle state affairs. However, Zhou Liwang is arrogant and misinterprets the law. Treacherous court officials try their best to please. KATTO bluntly advised him and listed the disadvantages of state affairs, but the treacherous court official spoke ill of him in Zhou Liwang's ear. Zhou Liwang is very tired of KATTO. Since then, treacherous court officials have gone in and out, ignoring KATTO. KATTO was very angry and wrote a poem, which was later included in The Book of Songs. In the poem, he attacked the traitor and said, "There is no cure for evil!"
"incorrigible": terminally ill, medicine can't save it. The latter metaphor is that things are too bad to be saved.
Ignorance and incompetence
During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, General Huo Guang was an important official of the imperial court and won the trust of Emperor Wu. On his deathbed, Emperor Wu entrusted his youngest son, Liu Fuling (Emperor Zhao), to Huo Guang for assistance. After the death of Emperor Zhao, Huo Guangli made Liu Xun Emperor (Xuan Di). Huo Guang was in power for more than forty years, which made great contributions to the Western Han Dynasty.
After Liu Xun succeeded to the throne, she made Xu Fei queen. Huo Guang's wife Huo Xian is a greedy woman. She wanted to marry her little daughter Cheng Yun to be a queen, so she took advantage of Xu Niangniang's illness and bribed a female doctor to be poisoned. The poisonous trick was exposed and the female doctor was jailed. Huo Guang knew nothing about this beforehand, but when it came out, Huo told him. Huo Guang was very scared and accused his wife of not doing such a thing. He also wanted to report it, but he couldn't bear to have his wife convicted. After careful consideration, he concealed this heinous thing. After Huo Guang's death, someone reported the case to Xuan Di, and Xuan Di sent someone to investigate and deal with it. Huo Guang's wife heard about it, discussed countermeasures with her family and cronies, and decided to gather people to plan a rebellion. She didn't want to reveal the secret, so Xuan Di sent troops to surround her family.
Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, commented on Huo Guang's merits and demerits in The Biography of Han Huo Guang, saying that he was "ignorant and dark in Dali", which meant that Huo Guang didn't study and had no knowledge, so he didn't know the truth of the overall situation. The idiom "no learning and no skill" means no learning and no skill.
Be endowed with great/extraordinary talents
Xie Lingyun in the Southern Dynasties was a writer who wrote a lot of landscape poems. He is smart and studious, has read many books, and has been deeply loved by his grandfather Xie Xuan since he was a child.
He was born into a noble family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the world called him "Xie" because he attacked the title of Gong. As a duke, he had no real power and was sent to Yongjia as a satrap. Xie Lingyun lamented his lack of talent, often leaving his official duties to go sightseeing. Later, he resigned and moved to Huiji, often drinking and having fun with friends. The local satrap sent someone to persuade him to restrain himself, but he scolded him. However, the landscape poems written by Xie Lingyun are deeply loved by people. Every time he wrote a new poem, he was immediately copied and spread quickly.
After Song Wendi ascended the throne, he was recalled to Beijing as an official and praised his poetry and calligraphy as "two treasures". Xie Lingyun is even more proud. He said, "There is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian has eight buckets. I have to fight, and the world is divided into one battle. "
This idiom comes from this, which describes people's extraordinary literary talent.
Looking at the sky from the bottom of the well-the view is very narrow.
A frog is sitting in a well, and a bird is flying around the well.
The frog asked the bird, "Where did you fly from?"
The bird replied, "I came from far away." I flew more than a hundred miles in the sky and I was thirsty. I came down to find some water to drink. "
The frog said, "friend, don't talk big!" " The sky is only as big as the wellhead. Do you still need to fly that far? "
"You are mistaken," said the bird. The sky is boundless and vast! " "
The frog smiled and said, "Friend, I sit in the well every day. When I look up, I see the sky." I won't make mistakes. "
The bird also smiled and said, "Friend, you are wrong. Don't believe it, jump out of the wellhead and have a look. "
This idiom story of "sitting on a well and watching the sky" is a household name, and it is usually used to describe someone with limited knowledge and short-sightedness; But I think this story emphasizes that people should broaden their minds and broaden their horizons at the same time, but ignores other factors and information worthy of attention. When we analyze this idiom story again, it will have more profound practical enlightenment.
The disease has spread to vital organs-there is no cure/recovery.
During the Warring States Period, Gong Jing, the monarch of the State of Jin, was seriously ill. So, I decided to invite Qin Man, a famous doctor of Qin State. One night, Duke Jing of Jin had a dream. He dreamed that two people were saying, "No matter how powerful Qin Huan is, as long as we live under the ointment and above the coffin respectively, he will be helpless."
A few days later, Qin slowly came to the state of Jin. After the examination, Qin said slowly, "Your Majesty is terminally ill and hopeless."
Sure enough, a few days later, Duke Jing of Jin died.
[It is beneficial to open the book] The accuracy of Qin's slow medical skills is inseparable from his long-term accumulated rich experience.
Terminal illness: the metaphor is so serious that there is no cure.
Get out of the way, tuēbēsān shě
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Xiangong listened to rumors, killed Prince Shen Sheng, and sent someone to arrest Shen Sheng's younger brother Zhong Er. When Zhong Er heard the news, he fled the State of Jin and forgot about it for more than ten years.
After many hardships, Zhong Er came to the State of Chu. King Chu Cheng thought that Zhong Er would make great achievements in the future, so he greeted him with state gifts and regarded him as a distinguished guest.
One day, the King of Chu gave a banquet in honor of Zhong Er, and the two chatted, and the atmosphere was very harmonious. Suddenly, the king of Chu asked Zhong Er, "If one day you return to the State of Jin and become a monarch, how can you repay me?" Zhong Er thought for a moment and said, "Beautiful women are waiting for you, precious silk, and you have a lot of rare bird feathers, ivory leather, and even more in Chu. What rare items does Jin Wang have? " The king of Chu said, "Your son is too modest. Having said that, you should show me something? " Zhong Er replied with a smile, "Thanks to you. If I can really return to China to be in power, I would like to get along well with your country. If one day, Jin Chu goes to war, I will definitely order the troops to retreat first (one house equals thirty miles). If I can't get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. "
Four years later, Zhong Er really returned to the State of Jin and became a monarch. This is the famous Jin Wengong in history. The state of Jin became stronger and stronger under his rule.
In 633 BC, the two armies of Chu and Jin fought. In order to fulfill his promise, Jin Wengong ordered the troops to retreat 90 miles and stay in Chengpu. When Chu Jun saw that 8 Jin J was retreating, he thought the other side was afraid and immediately pursued it. The Jin army took advantage of the weakness of the Chu army's pride in underestimating the enemy, concentrated its forces and defeated the Chu army greatly, and won the battle of Chengpu.
The story comes from Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Twenty-two Years. This idiom means not arguing with others or making concessions on your own initiative.
Mourn your own smallness in front of the vast sea-bemoan your own smallness in front of great things
According to legend, a long time ago, there was a river god in the Yellow River. People call him Hebo. Hebo stood on the bank of the Yellow River. Looking at the rolling waves coming from the west and rushing eastward, I said excitedly; "The Yellow River is so big that no river in the world can compare with it. I am the biggest water god! "
Someone told him, "What you said is wrong. There is a place called Beihai in the east of the Yellow River. That's really big. "
Herb said, "I don't believe it. No matter how big the North Sea is, can it be bigger than the Yellow River? "
The man said: "Don't mention a Yellow River, even if several Yellow Rivers flow into the North Sea, they are not satisfied."
Hebo stubbornly said, "I have never seen the North Sea. I don't believe it. "
The man was helpless and said to him, "You will understand what I am talking about when you have a chance to see the North Sea."
Autumn is coming, and the torrential rains for several days have caused large and small rivers to flood into the Yellow River. The surface of the Yellow River is wider. Looking across the river, you can't tell the cattle and horses on the other side. As a result, Hebo is even more proud that all the most spectacular scenery in the world is in his own place. When he was having fun, he remembered Beihai, which was told by others, so he decided to visit there.
Hebo came down the river to the Yellow River estuary, and suddenly his eyes lit up. Poseidon Beihai is welcoming him with a big smile. Hebo looked around and saw the Wang Yang in the North Sea, which was boundless. He watched it for a while and said to Beihai Ruo with deep feelings: "As the saying goes, if you only know some truth, you think no one can compare with yourself. This is me. " Today, if I hadn't seen the vast North Sea with my own eyes, I would have thought the Yellow River was chinese odyssey! In that case, people who know what to do will laugh at the Lord forever. "
The story can be found in Zhuangzi Autumn Water. This idiom means that when you don't have enough strength to do something, you will feel helpless.
People who are truly valuable are admirable. ; Although peach trees and plum trees don't talk, there is a road under them.
In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a brave general named Li Guang, who fought against Xiongnu more than 70 times in his life. He made outstanding achievements and was deeply loved by officers and men and the people. Although Li Guang is in a high position, commanding thousands of troops and defending the country, he is a hero, but he is not proud of himself. He is not only kind to others, but also shares joys and sorrows with soldiers. Every time the court gave him a reward, his first thought was his subordinates, and all those rewards were distributed to officers and men; When there is no food or water for marching and fighting, he himself is as hungry as the soldiers; When he started fighting, he took the lead and was brave and tenacious. As long as he gives the order, everyone will kill the enemy bravely without sacrifice. What a respected general this is!
Later, when the bad news of General Li Guang's death reached the barracks, all the soldiers wept bitterly, and even many people who were not familiar with the general at ordinary times mourned for him. In people's minds, General Li Guang is their great hero.
Sima Qian, a great historian in the Han Dynasty, praised the biography of Li Guangli: "Peach and plum don't say anything, but go their own way." Peaches and plums have fragrant flowers and sweet fruits. Although I can't speak, I still attract people to enjoy flowers and taste fruits under the tree, which makes them all walk out of a path under the tree. General Li Guang won people's respect for his sincerity and noble qualities.
This idiom comes from Historical Records and Biography of Li. Metaphor is sincere and strict with yourself, which will naturally move others and be admired.
Look at the map according to it.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Sun Yang in the State of Qin who was very good at watching horses. No matter what kind of horse it is, he can tell good from bad at a glance. He is often asked to know horses and choose horses. People call him Bole ("Bole" is the name of the stars in the sky and is said to be in charge of managing Tianma).
Once, Sun Yang passed by a place and suddenly saw an old horse with a salt cart barking at him. On closer inspection, it turned out to be a swift horse, only a little older. The old horse dragged the cart with difficulty, and Sun Yang felt too wronged by this swift horse. Originally a BMW pony that can run on the battlefield and play a greater role, now it is dragging a salt cart in obscurity, slowly consuming its momentum and physical strength. What a pity! Sun Yang was so sad that she burst into tears at the thought.
In order to make more people learn to kiss up to horses, to make Maxima no longer be buried, and to keep his unique skills from being lost, Sun Yang wrote a book with his years of accumulated experience and knowledge of flattery, which contains various forms of horses. This book is called Imitation of Horse Sutra.
Sun Yang had a son who read the "Xiangma Jing" written by his father. He thought it was easy to kiss up to horses, so he took this book and looked for good horses everywhere. He followed the pattern drawn in the book and found nothing. I searched according to the characteristics written in the book, and finally found a toad with characteristics very similar to those written in the book. I happily took toad home and said to my father, "Dad, I found a swift horse, but the hoof was almost the same." Father couldn't help laughing when he saw it. He didn't expect his son to be so stupid, so he said humorously, "It's a pity that Matthew likes to jump and can't be used to pull a cart." Then he sighed: "Follow the map."
The story comes from Yang Shen's "Yilin Felling Mountain" in the Ming Dynasty. The idiom "from the book" means to do things mechanically in the old way and not know how to be flexible; It is also a metaphor to look for things according to certain clues.
Catch up from behind
Ji 'an, a man in the era of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, was respected for his integrity, justice and daring to tell the truth. He is informal, pragmatic and official. Although it is not so vigorous on the surface, it can manage a county in an orderly way. Therefore, the court transferred him from Donghai County to the court as a Lord and captain-an official position in charge of the appointment and removal of local officials.
On one occasion, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty said that he would implement the Confucian policy of benevolence and righteousness and do good deeds for the people. Before the emperor had finished speaking, Ji An said, "Your Majesty is so greedy at heart, but on the surface he has to pretend to be kind. Why bother? " A word choked the emperor back. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cried, his face changed greatly, and he announced a blow to the DPRK. All the civil servants in the Qing Dynasty were supporting the staff for Ji An, fearing that he would cause great disaster. After Emperor Wu returned to the palace, he told people around him that Ji An was too thick and straight.
Since then, Ji An's official position has never been promoted. When he was Qi Huangong and a surname, Gong and Zhang Tang were humble officials. Later, they continued to rise, Gong became prime minister, Zhang Tang became an ancient bachelor, but He Ji 'an still stood still. One day, Ji An said to Emperor Wu that your majesty's use of ministers is like chopping wood, and it is "the latecomers come from the top"! Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty certainly realized that this was an indictment. Then he turned to his deputies and said, "People really have to study! You listen to Ji An, more and more outrageous! "
This story comes from Biography of Historical Records and Zheng Ji. The idiom "coming from behind" often means that the latter can surpass the former. And Ji An said the original intention, very different.
Cock crow and practice sword-diligence and self-discipline
Zu Ti in Jin Dynasty was an open-minded and ambitious person. But he was a naughty boy when he was a child and didn't like reading. When he entered his youth, he realized his lack of knowledge and felt that he could not serve his country without studying, so he began to study hard. He read widely and studied history carefully, so he began to study hard. He read widely and studied history carefully, from which he learned a wealth of knowledge and made great progress. He has been in and out of Luoyang, Kyoto for many times, and people who have contacted him say that Zu Ti is a talented person who can assist the emperor in governing the country. When Zu Ti was 24 years old, he was recommended as a lawyer, but he didn't agree. He still studies tirelessly.
Later, Zu Ti and his childhood friend Liu Kunyi became the main book of Sizhou. He and Liu Kun have deep feelings. They not only share the same bed, but also share the same lofty ideal: to make contributions, revitalize the state of Jin and become a pillar of the country.
Once, in the middle of the night, Zu Ti heard the cock crow in his sleep. He kicked Liu Kun awake and said to him, "Everyone else thinks it's unlucky to hear a rooster crow in the middle of the night. I don't think so. How about we get up and practice swords when we hear chickens crow in the future? " Liu Kun readily agreed. So every day after the rooster crows, he gets up to practice his sword, and the light of the sword flies and the sound of the sword is sonorous. Spring goes to winter, cold goes to summer, and it never stops. Many things happen. After long and arduous study and training, they finally became generalists who can write good articles and lead troops to win the battle. Zu Ti was named General Zhenxi, realizing his desire to serve the country. Liu Kun became the commander-in-chief in charge of military affairs in Hebei and Youzhou, and also gave full play to his literary talent and military talent.
This story comes from Biography of Jin Zu. The idiom "smell the chicken and dance" describes energetic and promising, and also means that people with lofty ideals should cheer up in time.