Car (next to the word 车).
Che (Pinyin: chē, jū) is a first-level standard Chinese character (commonly used character). This character first appeared in oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty. Its ancient characters resemble ancient cars. Most of the oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions have carriages, shafts and wheels. The original meaning of "car" is a vehicle; the ancient car was not only a means of transportation, but also used to lead troops in war.
Later "car" generally refers to wheeled transportation on land, and by extension to all tools that use wheel axles to rotate. "Lathe" is also used as a verb, which refers to cutting with a lathe. "Car" is used in dialects and means to turn the body. The word "rook" in chess is pronounced jū.
"Che" is one of the radicals of Chinese characters, serial number 68. Most of the characters with "car" as the meaning are related to cars, which can be roughly divided into four categories: first, the type of car, such as: chariot, carriage; second, the parts of the car, such as: wheels, shafts, and axles; third, the car The purpose of the vehicle is: turning, carrying, transporting; the fourth is other things related to the vehicle, such as: rail, track, and stop.
The modern universal car character is the result of further simplification of "car". There are only four strokes in total. Compared with the original complicated two-wheeled "car", it is as difficult as easy. A world of difference. This "car" comes from cursive script. Calligraphers since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, such as Wang Xianzhi, Huai Su, Yan Zhenqing, Yu Shinan, Su Shi, Xian Yushu, Zhu Zhishan, etc., have written the cursive script "Che" as a single character or as a radical "Che". Many of them are written as "Che". of.
The original meaning of "car" is a vehicle, which is a wheeled transportation vehicle on land. With the development of the times, the shape of the vehicle has changed greatly. In a specific context, it may refer to a two-wheeled bicycle, a four-wheeled car, or a multi-wheeled container transport vehicle.
In addition to being used for transportation and travel, ancient vehicles also had another important purpose: war. Therefore, the word "car" sometimes refers specifically to military vehicles. "Zuo Zhuan·Yin Gong Year" records: Zheng Zhuanggong knew the date of his younger brother Duan's attack on Zheng, and ordered Zi Feng to "take two hundred handsome chariots to attack the capital".
In addition to the original meaning that is widely used in literature, the word "car" also has some indirect and derived uses.
The wheel rotates, so "car" can also be extended to refer to a machine that uses axles to rotate or is operated by wheel rotation. Using a lathe to cut parts is called lathe parts, and using a sewing machine to sew clothes is called lathe clothing. As for the word "car" in words such as "test run" and "workshop", it can be understood as referring to machines in general.
"Che" also refers to the gum bone, which may be derived from the special metaphorical usage of the original meaning of the word "Che". According to "Zuo Zhuan: The Fifth Year of Duke Xi", in 655 BC, the Jin State wanted to cross the Yu State to destroy the Guo State, so it sent envoys to borrow a passage from the Yu State. Gong Zhiqi, the official of the Yu State, believed that the Guo State and the Yu State were interdependent neighbors. If the Guo State perished, the Yu State would also perish accordingly.
Gong Zhiqi quoted a popular saying at the time: "The auxiliary car is dependent on each other, and the lips are dead and the teeth are cold." According to ancient annotations, "auxiliary" refers to the cheek, and "car" refers to the gums. They are interdependent on each other.
In fact, "auxiliary" may originally refer to the car gang, and "car" refers to the car body; "auxiliary car and car body depend on each other" means that no one can live without the other. Since lips and teeth are also related to each other from the outside to the inside, later generations also extended the analogy of "auxiliary" and "car" to the human body.