Guanjiatang
It was originally called Guanjiating. "Qiongshan County Chronicle" records: Guanjia Pavilion was built in the 43rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1615). It is a large pavilion with hexagonal eaves. It was built to commemorate Su Dongpo's great achievements in digging two springs and benefiting Sangzi Township. The word "Guanjia" means: Guanfu millet spring water is strong, irrigating thousands of acres of golden ears. The pavilion was destroyed at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. In the 43rd year of Kangxi (1704), Jia Tang, the prefect of Qiongzhou, felt that the Jiating Pavilion had far-reaching significance in educating the local people and remembering the great achievements of the ancestors, so he rebuilt it on the old site. In the 14th year of Daoguang (1834), it was expanded and became the largest pavilion in Hainan at that time. According to the "Reconstruction of Guanjia Pavilion" written by Zhang Yuchun of the Qing Dynasty, Guanjia "has a flat slope in front of the pavilion, a clear spring next to it, and a stream that circulates from the east to the west. The two sides are beautiful and crisscrossed, and the streets are crisscrossed. Scholars and officials wandered here. "Compared with Pei Zhongli's Green Field Hall, it is a scenic spot in the north of Xun City."
In the fifteenth year of Guangxu’s reign (1889), when Zhu Cai was building the Wugong Temple, he also rebuilt the Guanjia Pavilion and renamed it Guanjia Hall. In his "Wugong Temple" written by him, it is recorded: "The Wugong Temple is attached to the Guanjia Hall on the left, and the cultural relics of famous sages from Qiongya in the past are collected according to the old practice." Since then, Guanjiatang has become a place for Hainan literati to drink tea, compose poems and conduct academic exchanges.
Xueputang and Xizhai
The purpose of Zhu Cai's addition of Xueputang and Wugong Jingshe at that time was to set up schools, teach enlightenment, and develop cultural and educational undertakings. According to the record of "Wugong Temple" written by him: "A school hall was built on the right side, where domestic masters were hired to give lectures. A four-room horizontal house was also built, named Wugong Jingshe, as a place for students to study. This Taoist deed Wugong means teaching to promote learning." In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), Qiongzhou Daoyin Zhu Weichao also recorded in the "Reconstruction of the Wugong Temple": "The Wugong Jingshe imitated the example of Xuehaitang, and selected thirty talents from Qiongxiang to study the classics, history, and chapters, and hired Ningbo Guo Wanxiang lectures at Xueputang." Guo Wanxiang was a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang. He was a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. After Zhu Cai built the academy and public jingshe, he recommended to Zhang Zhidong, then the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, to hire Guo Wanxiang to give lectures in Qiong. When he came to Qiong, he brought More than 8,000 volumes of ancient documents and books are placed on the first floor of Hainan. The Xueputang is where he lectured at that time. Wugong Jingshe and Dongzhai are the dormitories of students and teachers respectively. Guo Wanxiang died of illness not long after giving lectures at Xueputang. Since there was no successor, Zhu Cai recommended the students to Xuehaidang in Guangzhou to continue their studies. The Wugong Jingshe was used to store Guo Wanxiang's suicide notes and scriptures. In the sixth year of the Republic of China, (1917) Wugong Jingshe was renamed Wugong Temple Library.
Su Gong Temple
Built in memory of Su Dongpo. After he returned to the north, Hainan students often drank, composed poems, and had academic exchanges at Jinsu Nunnery where he once stayed. They missed this "generation of literary master" and over time named the place "Dongpo Reading Center". In the Yuan Dynasty, the "Dongpo Academy" was opened on this basis, and the great calligrapher Zhao Mengfu inscribed a plaque for it. The academy went through several changes and was destroyed in the early Ming Dynasty, but its ruins still remain. In the 45th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1617), Dai Xi, deputy envoy of Qiongzhou, rebuilt it on the original site. The academy was renamed "Su Gong Temple" to enshrine Su Dongpo and his son Su Guo. During the Shunzhi and Qianlong years of the Qing Dynasty, the temple was renovated. In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), Zhu Cai carried out large-scale renovations to the Su Gong Temple when building the first building of Hainan, and added the mountain gate and other buildings. Su Gong Temple is basically the scale built during the Guangxu period. The stone carvings displayed at the entrance of the Su Gong Temple are the original ones from when the Su Gong Temple was built in the Ming Dynasty. A horizontal plaque with the poem "Nanming Qidian" written by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, praising Hainan is hung at the entrance. The main hall of Su Gong Temple displays the tablets of Su Dongpo, his son Su Guo and his student Jiang Tangzuo. A couplet written by Zhu Wechao in the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915) and written by Mai Huasan, a famous modern calligrapher, hangs on the column of the hall: "This place can open your eyes, who is worthy of Meishan?"
Yingzuo Pavilion
It was built during the Shaosheng period of the Northern Song Dynasty and was built because of Su Dongpo's "finger-cutting of two springs". At that time, the governor of Qiongzhou agreed that after Mr. Lang Lu tasted the floating millet spring water, he praised the sweetness of the spring water, so he built a pavilion next to the well spring. He often invited friends and colleagues to drink tea and compose poems on the pavilion. In June of the third year of Yuanfu (1100), Su Dongpo was pardoned and returned to the north. When he borrowed money to live in Jinsu, Lu Gong invited Su Dongpo to name the pavilion and compose a poem. Su Dongpo happily wrote "Poetry and Narration of Jingzuo Pavilion" impromptu: " There are many springs in the east of Qiongshan County, but they are all too hot to eat. In the sixth month of the year of Ding Chou, I moved south to Qiong, and found two springs in the northeast corner of the city, so that I could tell the people that they were always full. The spring is so close but the taste is different. On the 17th day of the sixth month of the year of Gengchen, he moved to Hepu and returned to it.
His poem says: "Browse the other two springs, and pour the water into the water. In a bottle, there are Mian and Zi. Use a bowl to cook, and everyone shouts Mo Qi. From the river to the sea, it is awe-inspiring and selfless. How can I be a gentleman? The river and the sea are rituals." It not only tastes my spring, but also inspires my poetry. "The pavilion was destroyed in the Ming Dynasty. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Weng Fanggang, the Qiongzhou academic envoy, rebuilt it on the original site. In the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869), the county governor Dai Zhaochen renovated the pavilion. Yingzuo Pavilion basically retains the style of its construction in the Qing Dynasty. "Poems and Narratives of Jingzuo Pavilion" engraved by Wang Guoxianzhong, a Hainan scholar in the Qing Dynasty, is now displayed in the stele gallery of Wugong Temple.
Fusu Spring
One of the remains of Su Dongpo in the Wugong Temple. In the fourth year of Shaosheng's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty (1097), when Su Dongpo came to Qiong, he stayed at Jinsu Temple (today's Wugong Temple). During this time, he taught the local people how to dig wells, and personally "pointed to dig two springs." One spring was called Jinsu. One spring is called Floating Millet. Because the spring water has a sweet taste and a strong water source, small bubbles often appear and float on the water surface, much like millet. Therefore, "those who drink from it are always full." In the early Republic of China, Jinsu Spring was destroyed, leaving Fusu Spring. In the 58th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1793), Ye Rulan, the prefect of Qiongzhou, tasted the spring and felt that the water quality was very good, so he wrote a plaque for the spring, which means: strong water source and abundant grain. The famous epigrapher Wang Gu of the Qing Dynasty wrote a couplet for the spring: "Thinking of millet flying and algae flying, clouds scattered clearing the lapels", which was inlaid beside it. Later, someone added the word "Shenlong" under the plaque at "Fusu Spring". The plaque was destroyed during the "Cultural Revolution".
Fusu Spring has gone through nearly a thousand years of vicissitudes and has never gone dry. The water level remains unchanged regardless of drought or flood. Legend has it that as long as a person fetching water stomps his foot next to the well, and a steady stream of bubbles will appear from the bottom of the well, he will surely have a lot of money and a prosperous life in the coming year. Before liberation, rich men and businessmen in the Haifu area would come here on New Year's Eve to pray for prosperous business and abundant wealth in the coming year, and hire manpower or bullock carts to haul the water home for drinking. The water has been tested as mineral water and contains a variety of minerals needed by the human body.
Suquan Pavilion
It was built in the 40th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1612) to commemorate Su Gong's "double spring" for benefiting Sangzi Township. The pavilion was listed as one of the eight scenic spots in the Qing Dynasty, "Su Pavilion dipped in green". Suquan has been rebuilt and repaired in the past dynasties, and Suquan Pavilion was rebuilt in the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915).
There is a legend about why Suquan Pavilion was built: One day in the 40th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Weng Ruyu, the governor of Qiongzhou County, led the officials and people of the county to pray for rain in Jinsu Temple. After praying for rain, Weng Ruyu took a short rest. Ruyu went to Fusu Spring to get water to quench his thirst and praised the sweetness of the water. Suddenly there was thunder and lightning and heavy rain fell from the sky. Weng Ruyu thought it was the blessing of the Fusu Dragon and was delighted with the rain, so he decided to build a pavilion on the northern slope of Fusu Spring. To commemorate. A brick was excavated during the construction, and there should be a poem on it that said, "Reveal all the secrets of the innate world, and then cultivate the next life. If you miss meeting an old friend, the second surname is Caotou." The inscription "Dongpo Running Script" was left on the side. Weng Ruyu thought this was very strange, so he took the brick carving back to his collection. According to research, the poem was written by Su Dongpo when he stayed in Jinsu Temple when he first came to Qiong. Because he had just arrived at that time and faced the unfamiliar environment and difficult life, he developed Buddhist thoughts and thought that he would die when visiting Hainan, so he wrote it. This poem was buried there so that future generations would know his misfortune.
Qiong Garden
A group of garden monuments were added when the Wugong Temple was expanded in the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915). The main buildings are Xixinxuan and Youxian Cave. Qiongyuan is derived from the two words: "Nanming Qidian, Qiongtai scenic spot". In 1986, the Wugong Temple and the Wugong Temple Buddha Temple were built in the park for tourists to visit when visiting.
Xixinxuan
Built in the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), it is an ancient pavilion-style building surrounded by corridors. Hanging on the column in the main entrance corridor is a couplet written by Zhu Weichao when he presided over the construction of Xixinxuan. The origin of this couplet contains a legend. It is said that when Zhu Weichao built Qiong Garden, his colleagues had different opinions on how to plan it, and he couldn't agree on one, so he made up his mind about it. One day, he led his colleagues to the field to survey the terrain. The officials continued to argue about this, and it was the scorching noon hour, which made him irritable. At this time, he walked to Fusu Spring and asked his followers to get water to quench his thirst. He washed his face with spring water to clear away the heat. Suddenly, he felt his brain suddenly clear. As soon as the light came on, Qiong Yuan's plan was clearly formed in his mind. He decided to build a central building in Qiongyuan and named it "Xixinxuan" to tell future generations that when they are upset, they can take a trip here and take a sip of refreshing Fusu Spring water. All the worries and distractions in your mind will go away. Xixinxuan was renovated after liberation, but it basically maintained the architectural style of the Republic of China.
Youxian Cave
An artificial rockery made of Hainan volcanic rocks. It was built according to folklore. It is said that during the Song Dynasty, there was a Taoist priest who became a monk and practiced Taoism since he was a child. After practicing for many years, he could not become an immortal. One day, he saw an immortal in his dream who said: There is a divine turtle in the sea. If you visit this turtle in your old age and sit on its head, you will definitely become an immortal. After waking up, he thought hard and couldn't understand its meaning, so he decided to go out and search for it. I have been suffering for more than ten years and traveled all over the southeast coast, but I still can't realize the magical turtle in the dream. One day he came to Leizhou and heard that Su Dongpo was demoted to Hainan, so he decided to take a trip to the island and get to know and consult with this great scholar. One day, when he set foot on this magical desert island, he suddenly realized that the terrain of Hainan was exactly like the magical turtle in his dream, so he went to Danzhou to visit Su Dongpo and asked where the turtle's head was. After several After a month of communication, the Taoist priest was impressed by Su Dongpo's erudition, and Su Dongpo was also deeply moved by the Taoist priest's spirit and determination, so he told him: Qiongzhou's terrain is like a divine turtle, and Qiongshan, the county seat, is the head of the turtle. The Taoist priest said goodbye to Su Dongpo and came to Qiongshan to visit the turtle head in his dream. After several tortures, he finally discovered that the Wugong Temple was exactly the place he was looking for in his dreams, so he built a thatch and practiced hard in Youxian Cave. His will and determination moved the Jade Emperor, and one day the Jade Emperor sent a The gods led him to heaven and granted him the status of god. Because this Taoist priest attained enlightenment and became an immortal here, and then wandered away. To commemorate the Taoist priest's perseverance, Zhu Weichao built this rockery here in the fourth year of the Republic of China and named it "Youxian Cave".
Liangfubo Temple and Han Liangfubo Generals
Liangfubo Temple was built to commemorate the two Fubo generals Lu Bode of the Western Han Dynasty and Ma Yuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty. One of the earlier monuments. The earliest Fubo Temple built in Hainan was in the Song Dynasty. According to the "Zhengde Qiongtai Chronicles": "Fubo Temple is located in Longqi Village, Liuli north of the county." In the 45th year of Wanli reign in the Ming Dynasty, Dai Xi, the deputy envoy to Qiongzhou, built a martial arts pavilion at the teaching ground to the west of the city. "The Fubo Temple was destroyed for a long time in the second Han Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. In the eighth year of Yongzheng's reign, the county and city civil and military donated money to repair it." When Zhu Cai presided over the construction of the Wugong Temple in the 15th year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty, he moved the "Han Erfubo Temple" to the Wugong Temple and renamed it "Liangfubo Temple". At the same time, a worship pavilion was built. During the Republic of China and After liberation, the temple underwent several large-scale renovations. In 1983, when Comrade Liao Mosha, an older generation of revolutionaries, visited the Wugong Temple, it coincided with the completion of the reconstruction of the Liangfubo Temple, and he was invited to write a plaque for the temple's name.
Lu Bode, a native of Xihepingzhou in the Han Dynasty, first worshiped the governor of Youbeiping. In the fourth year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (119 BC), he followed Huo Qubing for his meritorious service in conquering the Xiongnu. He was named Pi Lihou. Dui Qu died of illness. Later, he was promoted to Weiwei. During the Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, civil strife broke out in the Nanyue Kingdom and they rebelled against the Han Dynasty. During the Han Dynasty, the various tribes of the Yue nationality were collectively called "Baiyue" and lived in the southeastern coastal areas of Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and northern Vietnam. When the Qin Dynasty fell, Zhao Tuo, who was then the captain of Nanhai, took advantage of the chaos and invaded Guilin and Xiangjun, calling himself As the king of South Vietnam, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, adopted a peace and alliance policy towards South Vietnam at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, causing South Vietnam to take measures to win over him. Zhao Tuo voluntarily "changed his title and did not dare to be emperor" and proclaimed himself a vassal to the Han Dynasty. Since then, he has gone through scriptures and scenes. During the three dynasties of Han Dynasty and Wu Dynasty, Zhao Tuo proclaimed himself a minister and served his duties, constantly "messaging people to court" to maintain the harmonious relationship with the early Han Dynasty. In the fourth year of Emperor Wu Yuanding (111 BC), civil strife broke out in South Vietnam. Prime Minister Lu Jia killed South Vietnam King Yue Zixing, installed his brother Jiande as king, and raised troops to rebel against the Han Dynasty. He sent orders to all counties and counties in South Vietnam to stir up national sentiment and fight against the Han Dynasty. military. In the fifth year of Yuanding (110 BC), Emperor Wu ordered Lu Bode to be General Fubo and lead the army out of Guiyang (Chen County, Hunan Province) and down to Huangshui; Yang Pu, the captain of the lord and lord, was appointed General of Louchuan and lead the army out of Yuzhang (Jiangxi Province). Nanchang), went to Hengpu, and conquered South Vietnam. The following year, Yang Pu captured Xunshan and Shimen, captured Yue ships and accumulated millet, and further defeated tens of thousands of Vietnamese vanguards. When Lu Bode arrived, the Lu and Yang armies surrounded Jiande and Lu Jia at Fanyu. Yang Pu attacked the Vietnamese army and set fire to the city. At dawn, all the South Vietnamese soldiers in the city surrendered. South Vietnam King Yue Jiande and Prime Minister Lu Jia led tens of thousands of generals to escape into the sea and took a boat to the west. Lu Bode sent troops to pursue the victory. In October Jiande and Lujia were captured, and the South Vietnamese rebellion was put down. In order to strengthen the Han Dynasty's rule over South Vietnam, Lu Bode established nine counties in Dan'er, Zhuya, Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen and Rinan, among which Dan'er and Zhuya The two counties are located in Danzhou and Qiongshan in Hainan. The establishment of a county in Hainan marked the official inclusion of Hainan in China's territory and its connection with the feudal central government.
The significance and contribution of Lu Bod's southern expedition are extremely far-reaching and significant.
The pacification of South Vietnam provided a good social environment for the stability of the frontier and economic development; the establishment of nine counties, lastly the establishment of Dan'er and Zhuya counties, determined the territory of southern my country and enabled the feudal central government to begin to control southern Xinjiang. The development has promoted the integration and development among various ethnic groups.