A young man is famous when he is knowledgeable and versatile. He started as a proofreader, moved to the left to collect bones, transferred to the Ministry as a doctor, transferred to the temple as a counselor, transferred to the state secretariat, and transferred to the North Sea Prefecture, which was called "Li Beihai" and "Li Kuo State" in history. Li, the prime minister, was framed by Li, secretary of the Central Secretariat, and died under the stick at the age of 70. Tang Daizong acceded to the throne, posthumously awarded the secretary of the prison.
As a great calligrapher, Li Houzhu praised "Li Yong was angry with General Right, but lost his bones and muscles". "Xuanhe Pu Shu" "Li Yong is good at calligraphy, and his cursive name remains. It's wonderful to learn Wang Youjun's method for the first time, but after getting rid of the old habits, the brushwork is new. Monuments handed down from ancient times include Lushan Temple Monument and Li Sixun Monument.
Basic introduction: Li Yong's real name: Li Beihai, also known as Li Kuo's country name: Zi Taihe Time: Tang Nationality: Han Nationality's birthplace: Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, date of birth: 678, date of death: 747, life story, main achievements, writing inscriptions, proficient in calligraphy, Beihai elephant, like a book, with great influence, personal works, Li Sixun Monument, Lushan Temple Monument, character evaluation. In the fourth year of Tang Tianbao, in 745 AD, Du Fu and Li Bai, two superstars in China's poetry circles, both traveled around Qilu in Guqi House (now Jinan City), leaving countless well-known poems. The news of Du Fu's arrival spread like wildfire and soon spread to Beihai, the Yidu of Shandong today. Li Yong, then the satrap of Beihai, couldn't sit still and rushed to qi zhou to meet Du Fu for several days. This is a great event. By the time Li Yong was 68, he was already famous all over the world. Du Fu was only a 33-year-old epigenetic at this time, and his reputation was far from reaching the level of a poet. But Li Yong had a good eye for pearls, and he had foreseen the radiant flame of this new star. Too bad he didn't see it. The banquet of the meeting is arranged in the newly-built Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong, Du Fu and Li Zhifang all attended, and there may be many celebrities from qi zhou coming out to accompany them. In particular, Li Bai was in qi zhou at that time. In the third year of Tianbao, I met Du Fu in Luoyang and traveled eastward together. He believed in Taoism and was recorded in Zijing Palace. I don't know if this is due to the rules, or maybe there are other reasons. The poet, who is good at drinking, didn't come to drink this cup of wine, otherwise Li Bai's poems would have stayed at the Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong had a long talk with Du Fu about the history of poetry and Du Fu's grandfather Du Shenyan, which made Du Fu very grateful. At this banquet, Du Fu left a beautiful sentence: "There are many celebrities in Jinan, and the sea is here." . Li Yong is famous for his willingness to make friends with celebrities. The history book says: "Su Yong has a bad reputation and has been criticized repeatedly. He was educated by Yong Wenneng." Li Yong's gold can be used to pay for his huge expenses of making friends, but it is not common for Li Yong to have money. At this time, he was suspected of embezzling public funds. When Du Fu and Li Bai met Li Yong in Tianbao four years respectively, he had just had a narrow escape story. In the 13th year of Kaiyuan, in 725 AD, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty returned to Chang 'an and passed through Bianzhou. Li Yong came from Zhou Chen's distant road to visit him, and presented several poems in succession, which won the appreciation of Xuanzong. So Li Yong got a little carried away, boasting that he was "in the right place" with his talent. At that time, Li Yong was just the secretariat of Chen Zhou, which was a bit harsh. It happened that Zhang Shuo, the head of the Secretariat, heard this. Soon after, Li Yong embezzled public funds in Chen Zhou Post, and Zhang Shuo took out old scores. Counting the two accounts together, the term of imprisonment is: crime is capital crime. At this time, fortunately, a Xuzhou man named Kong Zhang wrote a letter to Tang Xuanzong to save Li Yong. This letter was really well written, which moved Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, exempted Li Yong from the death penalty, and was also demoted to Zunhua County Commandant of Qinzhou. Kong Zhang died in Lingxi (present-day Guangdong). The two men who met life and death have never met. Kong Zhang's recitation basically summed up the merits and demerits of Li Yong's life. This sincere and sincere writing has added legend to Li Yong, especially to Li Bai, who is frustrated in his official career and despises powerful people. Li Bai is also deeply committed to helping others and spends all his money generously. When I came to Qilu, I naturally went to visit this legendary middleman. In the fourth year of Tianbao, I met Li Yong, the capital of Yidu. Li Bai was 44 years old. In Yidu, Li Bai heard another legendary story about Li Yong sacrificing himself to save others. This is a woman whose husband was murdered. The woman took revenge with a knife, assassinated the real murderer and was jailed. This crime is the death penalty. At this time, Li Yong spared no effort to spare the court and saved the woman. From this, Li Bai wrote the narrative Yuefu "Woman in the East China Sea": "The more you learn the sword, the more you soar. Give one's life to avenge one's husband, regardless of one's life. The white blade flashes snow, and the sky feels sincere ... Obviously, this couple is angry and indisputable. The king of Beihai filed a complaint with the court. The court ruled that the police were exempted from the habit. In the name of martyrs, bamboo and silk have been honored. " Two years after Du Fu and Li Bai were sent away, Li Yong was politically persecuted by the traitor Li. The thing is, the arrogant Li Yong refused to listen to Kong Zhang's advice of "making contributions" and once again reached out to public funds, "doing dirty deeds", but it was not enough to ruin his life. The real reason is that Cao Liuji, the commander of Zuo Xiao in Chang 'an City, is at odds with his father-in-law, Du Fu, who falsely accused the emperor because he arrogantly claimed that he had the ability to take exams and made friends with the East Palace. This is nonsense, but Li caught it, ordered the trial, and found out that Liu Ji was the culprit, but Liu Ji died with his father-in-law Du inexplicably. During the trial, it was found out that Li Yong had given Liu Ji a horse, so he was implicated as a "legacy", and because Li Yong had a close personal relationship with Pei Dunfu, the satrap of Zichuan, Pei Dunfu had recommended Li Yong to Beihai. Pei Dunfu was also implicated. The cruel Li immediately ordered his two minions to go to Shandong and "kill Li Yong and Pei Dunfu" in the county seat. Li Yong is seventy years old. This has been Tianbao for six years. When Li Tang was turned into a white terror by Lee. Li Yong is not afraid of death, so he remonstrated many times. Wu Zetian was in court, and left to clean up the mess. Before Emperor Zetian, he dared to accuse Emperor Zetian's confidant brothers of abusing their power to seek personal gain together with Jing in their suggestions. Wu Zetian wanted to get angry, but she didn't have an attack. She hesitated for a long time and accepted the criticism of Song Jing and Li Yong. This is what Kong Zhang said, "When Zhang Yizhi used his power, people were afraid of his mouth, but only broke his horn". It can be seen that Li Fulin is more cruel than Wu Zetian in eliminating dissidents and killing people of insight such as Li Yong. Du Fu was deeply saddened by the death of Li Yong. He cried and said, "Potuo has Qingzhou blood, but Qiang has no Wenyang disease." Li Bai sighed with anger and shouted, "If there were no Beihai in Li See, how could there be British heroism today?" ? You don't look at Pei Shangshu, but there are three feet of wormwood spines in the earth grave. "In the past, we told the story of 1200 years ago in Qilu, and it is still a sigh! The main achievement is to write inscriptions and other works, especially praise tablets. The book of good deeds changed Wang Xizhi's method and brushwork. After the inscription of Jinci Temple, Li Shimin wrote an inscription in running script, which made him famous for a while. His book style is magnificent, with dense structure and vigorous brushwork. Handed down works include Duanzhou Stone Chamber, Lushan Temple Monument, Hawke Monument, Li Sixun Monument of General Yunhui, Li Xiubei of General Yunhui, etc. In the Annotation of Shu Fu, Tang Dou Meng said: On the cloud: "On poetry, Wang Wei and Cui Hao are both called; On Pen, Wang Jin and Li Yong; Zu Yong and Zhang said that they could not predict. " In the book, Li is called the immortal hand. It is a text, longer than a monument and more important than a book. According to the Tang Dynasty, Li Yong wrote 800 pieces before and after. Du Fu's poem said: "The door is full of dry words, and the monument is taken for four generations. Coral hooks are abundant, and Kirin weaves holes. Purple spike with the sword several times, righteousness is not empty. "Proficient in calligraphy Li Yong's calligraphy starts with" Two Kings "and can be both inside and outside. Li Houzhu said: "Li Yong was angry with the right general and lost his physique. "Just talk about what Li Yong is good at learning." "Xuan He Shu Pu" said: "Yong is good at calligraphy, and the cursive name stays. It's wonderful to learn the general's method for the first time, but to get rid of old habits, you need new writing skills. "Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, inscriptions and stone carvings have been written in official books. After entering the Tang Dynasty, Li Yong changed to write inscriptions with lines. The personality of calligraphy is very obvious, the font is high on the left and low on the right, and the brushwork is vigorous and powerful, giving people a sense of danger. He advocated innovation, inheritance and development of ancient calligraphy. He once said, "Those who like me should be vulgar and learn from my death. "Su Dongpo and Mi Yuanzhang all absorbed some of his characteristics, and Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty also tried his best to pursue his brushwork, from which he got the calligraphy realm of" personable ". He had a great influence on later generations. In July, 2008, Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education adopted Li Yong calligraphy font as the writing teaching material for compulsory education in Zhejiang Province. I believe that in the near future, the word Li will be as rich as the word Wang. Beihai, like Li Yong, is good at poetry and calligraphy, especially regular script. At that time, Chinese and Korean clothes and many temples often gave them gold and silver, and asked him to write articles and memorials. He wrote 800 articles for people in his life and received tens of thousands of polishing fees. But he is still loyal and cherishes talents, and often uses these family assets to save the lonely and help others. Li Yong's inscriptions are often engraved by Fu Lingzhi, Huang Xianhe and Sheng Yuan Jishuo. According to the textual research of Yang Shen's "Dan Lead Record" in Ming Dynasty, these three people are probably also aliases of Li Yong. His works handed down from ancient times include Ye Youdao Monument, Duanzhou Stone Chamber, Lushan Temple Monument, Tolin Temple Monument, Huokeji Monument, Yunhui General Li Sixun Monument, Yunhui General Li Xiubei Monument, etc. Li Sixun Monument and Yuelu Mountain Temple Monument are the most important handed down books. Li Yong's "Sunshine Hot Post" Li Yong was the magistrate of Beihai, so he was called "Li Beihai". Li Yong's calligraphy art was highly respected at that time and later generations, and his personality and talent were even more respected by the world. His father, Shan Li, is an upright and knowledgeable man. After being demoted, he concentrated on his studies. His 60-volume Selected Works of Xiao Tong is considered as one of the most important annotations of selected works. Li Yong is gifted and has inherited his family studies since childhood. When he was a teenager, he was famous for being good at writing poems. However, in his official career, he was repeatedly relegated because he was not afraid of powerful people. In his later years, he was assassinated in Beihai, convicted and imprisoned by Prime Minister Li, and beaten to death by brutal officials. Books are like people, and Li Yong's calligraphy can be said to be a portrayal of his personality to some extent. His calligraphy is a beginner of the right army, and he also joined the regular script and running script of schools such as the North Monument in the early Tang Dynasty, which changed his style and formed his own distinctive style. " "Xuan He Shu Pu" says: Li Yong, a beginner, changed the way of doing things in the right army, and experienced ups and downs, that is, he got rid of old habits and changed his brushwork. Li called it "the fairy hand in the book", and Pei Xiu saw its monument cloud: "Look at the book of Beihai and want to see its wind. "A woman's talents are unequal: Wang Xizhi covers her writing with books, and Li reflects her learning with skills. Writing is more important than time, but only gain. At that time, people who used gold and silk to ask for books suffered hundreds of thousands before and after, and they have never been so prosperous since ancient times. The piping ink actually comes from Xi. The discussants regard it as the backbone of the people, and if there is divine power, the name of Sri Lanka will not float in reality. Du Fu wrote a beautiful song, saying, "Sound is a healthy pen, rich and clear. "Admiration of the world, the rate is the same. The epitaph of Zang Huailiang in Li Yong's calligraphy in Tang Dynasty had a great influence, which can be said to reflect the innovative style of Li Yong's calligraphy and its great influence at that time. Li Yong's calligraphy is mainly based on steles. According to Sun's "A Brief Introduction", there are more than 800 steles. Moreover, almost all the tablets he wrote were written by himself, and some even said that he carved them himself (see He Siyou Zhai's book theory). Du Fu's "Eight Sorrow Poems: A Gift to Jiangxia Secretary Li Gongcun" recalls Li Gongcun's past, which has a profound poetic connotation. Sound is a healthy pen. It is rich and clear. Wind scattered stones, mountain tips. Love the poor nature, and learn to be consistent with others. When entering the door, the memorial tablet is taken for four generations. The name is full of deep hope, and there are new examples. Du Fu and Li Yong are contemporaries, and their poems are by no means over-praised. Li Yong's personal works consist of 800 calligraphy steles, but there are not many kinds of steles that have been handed down so far. The most influential ones are Li Sixun steles and Lushan Temple steles. Li Sixun Monument and Li Sixun Monument are known as the Monument of General Yunhui in Tang Dynasty. General You Wuwei presented the tombstone preface of Zhao Gong Li Fujun to Governor Peng Guogong of Qin Zhou, also known as the Monument of General Yunhui. In the eighth year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 720), Li Yongshu's Li Sixun monument was erected in pucheng county, Shaanxi. This tablet is thin and strong, with a pen, both in Fiona Fang and abroad. The font is slightly oblique, but solemn, which is more stable in the adventure. This bold and heroic spirit has not been shown in the running script since the two kings of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Lushan Temple Monument, also known as Yuelu Temple Monument, has the words "Lushan Temple Monument" in Yang Wen seal script, and the original stone is in Yuelu Academy in Changsha. The rubbings of the Song Dynasty have been handed down from generation to generation, and this tablet is the masterpiece that can best reflect Li Yong's mature running script style. The ancients said that "the right army is like a dragon, and the North Sea is like an elephant" (Three Postscripts of Dong Qichang's Li Beimei Jinyun in Ming Dynasty). This is the only calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty who let future generations stand side by side with the book sage Wang Xizhi. The so-called "North Sea is like an elephant" probably refers to the style characteristics of his running script such as Lushan Temple Monument. If the Li Sixun Monument is bold and unconstrained, it still reveals a romantic and unique atmosphere; Then, the Lushan Temple Monument can be said to be old and stable. The formation of this style benefited from his study and understanding of calligraphy art in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and more importantly, his bold and innovative spirit. He skillfully combined the exquisite running script of the two kings with the founder of the North Monument, absorbing the flexibility of the South Monument instead of taking its weak side; Apart from Wei Bei's plainness, he kept his heavy side, and while widely accepting the achievements of his predecessors, he unconsciously turned his temperament and people into pen and ink. Dong Qichang compared the strength of Li Yong's calligraphy to "the North Sea is like an elephant", which is also vivid. Li Yong's regular script "Lushan Temple Monument" Li Yong's running script had a great influence on the development of running script in later generations, and several great calligraphers in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, such as Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Zhao Mengfu, were all influenced by it. Evaluation of Dou Meng in Tang Dynasty: Shi Yiyun: "On poetry, there are Wang Wei and Cui Haozhi;" "On the pen, Wang Jin and Li Yong; Zu Yong and Zhang said that they could not predict. " Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty: Yu Shi got Li Yong's book, which was not very good. However, it will be interesting to suspect that the book is named after itself. And it takes a long time to read, so people with fewer books get the latest, especially the best. For example, it is difficult to make friends at first, but it takes a long time to get together. Although I am impressed by the brushwork of calligraphy, how can I forget the evil shape because of its meaning when I think that the characters are not alike? Because what the book pursues, Zhong and Wang Ziyan, can be used, but the book may not be unique. Anyone who studies books can get one, and the rest can pass. I get ears from books. Miffy: Li Yong took off his son's body and lacked fiber. ("Famous sayings of Haiyue") "Old Tang Book": It is good to be famous for a long time, especially to praise the monument. Although China and North Korea have been downgraded, their clothes and temples are all over the world, and they often beg for their articles with gold and silk. There are hundreds of songs before and after production, and there are also millions of receptions. ..... His Zhang Hangong Staring at the Stars, Monument to the Holy Pool in Hongzhou and Criticism of Wei Juyuan are highly valued by the scholars. (Li) Jiao is a civil history. Zhang Tinggui, a military supervisor, recommended Yong Wen for his integrity, so he appointed him as an admonition officer. He told Zuo to pick up the body. ..... Yong's writing is praised as a director on the tablet, and people invite its writing with gold and silk, which is millions before and after. Although Yong didn't advance, he became famous all over the world and was called "Li Beihai". Lu Zang often said: "Mo Xie, as a dry general, is difficult to compete with, but he is afraid of injury and lacks ears." After death. Ye Mengde: There are many tired sentences in the poems of Li Yong and Su Yuanming, so it's better to take only half of them. Cai Mengbi: Jinshi Lu Yue: Poems in the Tang Dynasty, written by Li Yong and Hu Lvling. Yu Chu read Du Fu's poem "Eight Sorrow": "Lang Yong's" Friends of Six "was blinded by worry." I hate not seeing his poems. It's a masterpiece of a generation to get a stone book late and say goodbye to the past. Six people, five times each for a chapter, and Prime Minister Di for a chapter. (Poems of Du Gongbu Caotang) Liu Youding in Yuan Dynasty: Since Wei and Jin Dynasties, the first cursive script only wrote simplified Chinese characters, and it must be authentic when engraved. Therefore, Zhong You's official book is called stele, which should be guarded and not lost. It was only at the beginning of Yongchun that the right army changed its way of doing things, fumbling and boasting about its ability. The inscription learned to do things, and later generations did more. ("Yan") Xiang Mu in the Ming Dynasty: Li Yongchu had little experience as a teacher, so he got rid of old habits and updated his brushwork, and eventually lost his embarrassment. The law is great and the interest rate is very high. This trip really changed from the beginning. A little escape will lead to the past and the present. Li Yong was both proud and embarrassed. ("Calligraphy Elegant Words") Feng Ban in Qing Dynasty: Dong Zongbo said that Wang Youjun is like a dragon and Li Beihai is like an elephant; Wang Youjun is like a phoenix, and Li Beihai is like a handsome eagle. Wu Dexuan: Learning from Zhao cannot be original and there is no way to start. Even if there is an original copy, it must be rooted first. People who studied Zhao in the past didn't want Xi Zhehe to be loyal. Western philosophy is rooted in Beihai, Henan, and Zhongzheng is rooted in OuYangbohai. Zhu Luzhen: Li Beihai's official books have beautiful strokes and wide and uneven glyphs; His running script is uneven, and Skye ingram micro is super wonderful and informal. Qian Yong: Ancient calligraphers used the official script of Han and Wei Dynasties and the original works of Jin, Song and Six Dynasties. Calligraphers used the running script to inscribe, which began with the inscription of Jinci in Emperor Taizong's reign, followed by Li Beihai. (Calligraphy) Ruan Yuan: Li Yong and others are also Northern School, so they are similar to Wei and Liu Zhubei. Bao (on the North-South School of Calligraphy): When I arrived in Tang Xian, I knew that my talent was not as good as that of the ancients, and the inscriptions on the running script were all right. Xu Huiji, Li Beihai and Zhang Langzhong are particularly close to the study of Jiugong, and the books have been handed down from generation to generation, and they are believed to be true. Beihai is as fat as a bear and more agile. Liu Xizai: The atmosphere of Li Beihai's books is highly different. The difficulty is that every painting falls like a brick, which makes people afraid to draw empty meanings. Li Beihai's book wins by ups and downs, but it doesn't involve action. People who don't understand deliberately condescend and walk all the way. The so-called "like my custom, those who learn from me will die" in the North Sea. Li Beihai and Xu Jihai have many different books, but they all rely on their writing skills. Dongpo's book says "I would rather be lame than handsome", and Yu also says "I would rather be lame than handsome". Anecdotal allusions Niu Su, a writer of the Tang Dynasty, revealed a secret story related to Japan's mission to the Tang Dynasty in Moon Hee Notes: Li Yongye, the Japanese ambassador to Haizhou in Jiangxia, carried Guo Xin with 500 people. There are ten ships and millions of treasures. See it and leave it in the museum. Give you what you need. Don't let it in or out. At night, take all your things and sink your boat. Ming, satirizing Baiyun, the librarian, said, "Last night, the tide was so high that the Japanese ship was lost. I don't know where it is." So I use it to play. He ordered the construction of ten ships and sent 500 people who are good at water to Japan. There are boats and hydraulic devices. The hydraulic engineer resigned before the messenger arrived. Yongdao: "Japan is far away and there are waves on the sea, but can you come back safely?" The road ahead is very cheap. "Happy birthday to someone. After counting for a few days, I knew it was unprepared, killed it at night, and then returned. His hospitality kept hundreds of desperate people alive. He attacked and robbed them and killed them when it came out. After that, I can't die. I sit on it. At the age of seventy, Li was killed by the jealous stick of the Prime Minister. Moon Hee got the money, and Li Yong entered the capital from the secretariat. Su Yong's reputation is negative, and he is often criticized. They are all talented and literate, such as Jia Sheng and Xin Qiji. Deacons avoid victory and strip it. There are always opinions in the world, but the backward people are ignorant. Looking at the buildings in Luo Jing, I think the ancients may have different appearances, dressed well and looked for doors and alleys. In addition, the ambassador asked for his new article. Once again, he was in the shadow, but he could not change it. Tianbao was appointed as the magistrate of Beihai in Jixian County. Sex is a luxury, not limited to fine lines, chasing and running. After Liu Ji went to prison, Moon Hee's performance attracted a lot of criticism. When Qi Shunzhi and Luo left, the county decided to kill them. Yong is famous for his talent, especially for his long articles. Before and after, there are hundreds of songs; Accept the feed, also want millions. There has been no such thing as wealth since ancient times. (Tan translation) Li Yong was promoted from Zhongshu Province to Beijing. Yong has always been known as a gifted scholar, but he has been criticized repeatedly. Everyone thinks that he can not only write beautiful articles, but also make many friends. He is Jia Yi in the Han Dynasty, the new Ling Jun in the Warring States Period. So the dignitaries in power in the DPRK were jealous of Li Yong, so that he was removed from his official position and lived outside the capital. He has always been famous, but the mediocre and ignorant people in the DPRK don't appreciate him. Every time Li Yong walked on the road after entering Beijing, he was surrounded by many people, thinking that he was an ancient power or had an extraordinary appearance. Some scholars are anxious to settle down, call home, or entrust someone to inquire about the new article written by Li Yong, secretly for the scientific examination paper, but they can't change it. In the early days of Tianbao, Li Yong was promoted to Governor of Beihai. He is bohemian, informal, likes riding and hunting, and enjoys himself. Later, Liu Ji was found guilty and put in prison. Moon Hee, the prime minister, asked Liu Ji to frame Li Yong. There is a great controversy about his merits and demerits in the DPRK. Moon Hee bribed Liu Ji with a large sum of money, which made him accuse Li Yong constantly, and finally made the emperor put Li Yong to death by a letter. Luo Xiqiao rushed to Beihai County with the imperial edict and executed Li Yong on the spot. Li Yong became famous a long time ago, and he was especially good at writing inscriptions. During his life, he wrote hundreds of inscriptions on stone tablets and received thousands of contributions. Since ancient times, no one has made a fortune by selling literature like Li Yong.