1 and Wang Xizhi (303-36 1) were born in Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong) and moved to Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Officials to the right army generals, both civil and military, deceased people called Wang Youjun, Wang Huiji. Wang Xizhi studied Zhong You in regular script, Zhang Zhi in cursive script, Li Si and Cai Yong, and learned from others. His calligraphy is known as "the dragon leaps into the sky, the tiger lies on the phoenix", which gives people a quiet beauty, just in contrast to Zhong You's books.
His calligraphy is dignified, easy to turn into fun, and his pen is boring. He completely broke through the brushwork of official script and created a beautiful and convenient style of modern calligraphy, which was respected as a "book saint" by later generations.
Wang Xizhi's original works are few, and all we see are replicas. Wang Xizhi's writing style is in Kai, Xing, Cao, etc. For example, the regular script Le Yi Lun, Huang Ting Jing, Seventeen cursive scripts, Running Script menstruation Post, Quick Snow Clearing Post, Funeral Post, etc. His running script Preface to Lanting Collection is the most representative.
2. Sima Qian, a historian and essayist of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.
In 9 1 year BC (the second year of Zheng He), Historical Records was written. Book 130, with more than 526,500 words, including 12 biographies, 30 aristocratic families, 70 biographies, 10 tables and 8 books, which have a great influence on later generations. They are called "true records and faithful history", praised by Mr. Lu Xun as "the swan song of historians, leaving Sao without rhyme", and listed as the first of the previous "four histories", just like "Zi Tongzhi"
Sima Qian expressed his thoughts of governing the country through reform and development through the mouth of Laozi. It retains the core of Taoism and nature, and consciously eliminates the thought of "small country and few people" in primitive society and "creating man" in slave society, and embodies the thought of "keeping pace with the times" which has won the essence of Taoism. Its core is the unity of man and nature, and its essence is human desire.
3. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty, with beautiful words, and was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. Du Fu's middle-aged poems are called "the history of poetry" because of his gloomy poetic style and feelings of worrying about the country and the people. His poems are good at antique and rhythmic poems, and have various styles. He accurately summed up his work style with the words "depressed and frustrated", mainly focusing on depression.
Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Most of his poems involve social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems reflected the social contradictions and people's sufferings at that time. His poems recorded the historical changes of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and expressed the lofty Confucian spirit of benevolence and strong sense of hardship, so they were called "the history of poetry".
Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been celebrated through the ages, such as Three Officials and Three Farewells. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned.
Du Fu's poems handed down from generation to generation are the most extensive in the Tang Dynasty, and he is one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Du Fu's works are called human scars and sages in poetry. The people are in poverty, and the bottom of the pen is turbulent. It is a masterpiece of realistic poetry.
4. Lu Yu, whose names are Jinglingzi, Sangzhuweng and Donggangzi, is also called "Chashan Imperial History". He was a famous tea scientist in Tang Dynasty, and was known as "tea fairy", "Cha Sheng" and "Tea God".
The Book of Tea written by Lu Yu has three volumes, ten chapters and more than 7,000 words, namely: Volume I, the source of one, the instrument of two, and the creation of three; Volumes 2 and 4; Volume Three, Five Boils, Six Drinks, Seven Things, Eight Outcomes, Nine Outlines and Ten Figures. It is a systematic summary of tea scientific knowledge and practical experience before and after the Tang Dynasty.
It is the crystallization of Lu Yu's hard work, perseverance, first-hand information on tea production and extensive collection of books and tea collectors' experience. When The Book of Tea came out, it swept the world and was studied and treasured by people at that time.
In the Book of Tea, Lu Yu described the distribution of tea areas, the growth, planting, picking, manufacturing and tasting of tea, and many famous teas were first discovered by him. For example, the ancient bamboo purple bamboo shoot tea of Zhejiang Great Wall (now Changxing County) was rated as top grade by Lu Yu and later listed as tribute tea; Yangxian tea in Yixing County (now Yixing, Jiangsu Province) was directly recommended for tribute by Lu Yu.
5. Li Shizhen, a famous physician in Ming Dynasty. Later, he was sentenced by Chu Palace and Royal Hospital. After his death, the Ming court named him "Wen Linlang". Li Shizhen attaches great importance to clinic, respects Zhang, re-distinguishes diseases and syndromes, strictly legislates and uses drugs rationally. In the treatment, it is more effective to modify the ancient prescription, or formulate a new prescription, or use a folk prescription.
Li Shizhen's academic thoughts and research methods are very distinctive. Under the new historical conditions, according to his practical experience, he improved the ancient scientific methods and accumulated new scientific research experience. Li Shizhen successfully used the methods of observation and experiment, comparison and classification, analysis and synthesis, critical inheritance and historical textual research.
6. Wu Daozi, also known as Dao Xuan, was a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, and his painting history was regarded as a saint. Wu Daozi has made such outstanding achievements in painting art because he can innovate.
He is good at absorbing the essence from complex object forms and generalizing concave-convex surfaces and yin-yang surfaces into irreducible "lines". Combining the internal movement of objects, he formed the organizational rules of clothing lines such as height, edge, depth, inclination, rolling, folding, floating and lifting posture, and portrayed the character of objects completely based on the organization of lines.
This line has strict requirements, each line meets the requirements of vivid modeling, each line is full of rhythmic beauty, and it is a creative line that combines the achievements of the previous generation. Wu Daozi's painting style has been imitated and used for reference by many painters since the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties.
Li, a painter in Song Dynasty, developed his simple and elegant "line drawing" from Wu Daozi's "It's better not to pretend your back, just follow the ink", and line drawing became a new style of Chinese painting.
Baidu encyclopedia-Wang Xizhi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sima Qian
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Lu Yu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Shizhen
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wu Daozi