1. Teaching essentials
1. Mastering classical Chinese knowledge and related cultural knowledge
2. Understanding the author's philosophical thoughts
2. Teaching design
(1) Method design: reading and explaining; Multimedia assistance; 2 class hours
(2), process design
1, background knowledge
1), Wang Xizhi (321-379) was known as Wang Youjun, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as "the sage of books". His calligraphy work "Preface to Lanting" is known as "the best running script in the world".
2) Preface to Lanting originated in Yonghe, Eastern Jin Dynasty. On March 3rd, 353, Wang Xizhi invited 41 social celebrities at that time, such as Xie An and Sun Chuo, to gather in Lanting, Shanyin County, Huiji County. They led the wine to compose poems, and formed the poems into a collection of poems. Wang Xizhi wrote a preface for the collection of poems on the spot, that is, the Preface to Lanting Collection in this article.
3) The "preface" of style, also called "narration" or "quotation", is to explain the writing purpose of the work or the author's situation, as well as to comment on the work and clarify related issues. Preface is usually written in front of the work, and the one listed in the back is called "Postscript" or "Postscript".
2. Reading training
Listen to the model reading and read aloud
3. Analysis of the article
This is a landscape travel essay with fresh and free language, so pay attention to the scenery and sentiment in the article; The article is quite hierarchical in narrative and discussion, clarifying the author's thinking; During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, metaphysics was popular. We realized and discussed the truth of life in the travel notes of mountains and rivers, and realized the philosophical thoughts expressed by the author.
1) explain the first paragraph: the pleasure of (repairing). Thinking: In what order does the author narrate the Lanting grand event?
the first sentence: time, place, reasons for the meeting.
⑴. Ancient chronology method: year number, year and year of the trunk branch
The so-called "heavenly stem" is: A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren and Gui, while "earthly branch" is: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si and Gui. The method of chronology starts with the "A" in the "Tiangan" and matches the "Zi" in the "Dizhi" in turn, and it is concluded that there are sixty combinations, such as Jiazi, Yechou, Bingyin, Dingmao, Wuchen, Jisi and so on, commonly known as "Sixty Flower Jia". This "heavenly stems and earthly branches" chronology takes 6 years as a cycle.
For example, 21 is the year of Gengchen; 22 is the year of Xin Si; ......
⑵. Xiu: an ancient folk custom in China. The ancients regarded March in Ji Chun as the time when everything was born. As early as the Zhou Dynasty, people went to the river to bathe in herbs on the first fourth day of March to get rid of diseases and evil spirits, which were recorded in The Book of Songs and Zhou Li. Ceng Dian, one of Confucius' favorite students, regarded Spring Festival as his ambition and was praised by Confucius. "Those who don't (dusk) spring, the spring clothes have been completed, the champions are five or six, and the boys are six or seven. The bath is almost interpretation, and the wind is dancing and singing." ("The Analects of Confucius Advanced") After the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty, the spring festival was set on March 3, and the activities were also changed to banquets and poems by the water.
the second sentence: participants
the third sentence: the terrain around Lanting
(1). Belt: nouns are used, and they surround like a belt
the fourth sentence: the joy of feasting
(1). Flowing water: also known as "winding water flowing", spring. The wine cup is an ancient wine container. Usually wooden, small and light, with a support at the bottom, it can float in water. There are also pottery, with ears on both sides, also known as "feather", because it is heavier than a wooden cup, and it is placed on the lotus leaf when playing, so that it floats.
Qu: make (water) bend
(2). Time: side
(3). One: some, a little
(4). Love: deep feelings
The fifth sentence: the weather
The sixth sentence: the author's subjective feelings.
⑴. Looking up and down: two ways for the ancients to observe nature and life.
⑴. So: used for
⑴. Sightseeing: broaden your horizons and broaden your mind.
(4). Extreme: exhausted
(5). Entertainment: fun
(6). Faith: truth, sincerity
Read the first paragraph
2) and analyze the second paragraph: the pain of (life and death). Thinking: What is the author's point of view? How is it elaborated layer by layer?
the first sentence: the grand gathering in front of you arouses the feeling of life.
(1). Make friends with
(2). Pitch: socialize with social personnel
The second sentence: two attitudes towards life: "talking in one room" and "being a degenerate"
(1). Or: some people
(2). Talk in person
(3). Cause. Confucius said:' Zi Xi doesn't say: He is also a human being, he forgets to eat in anger, he enjoys forgetting his worries, and he doesn't know that his old age is coming. "(The Analects of Confucius)
(4). Zhi: Go, reach
(5). Tie: Attach
Fourth sentence: Transition deepening: impermanence of life-helplessness of death
(1). Direction: before
(2). Pitching: time is very short < p.
(5) Situation: What's more,
(6) Shortening: Life span
(7) Period: Arrival, and
the fifth and sixth sentences: It is sad to draw the conclusion that "life is great even after death".
Zhong Ni said, "Life and death are great, and we must not change with them. Although heaven and earth fall, we will not leave them behind. "(Zhuangzi Dechong Fu)
Read the second paragraph
3) Explain the third paragraph: Sad thinking (past and present): Why is the author sad? What is the purpose of editing Lanting's poems?
the first sentence: point out the phenomenon of the same sense of interest in ancient and modern times
(1). If the contract is integrated, (the reason for the ancient people's sense of interest) is the same as the symbol contract
(2). It can't be understood in my heart, but I don't understand why (why sigh and grieve? )
the second sentence: refute the view of "the integration of death and life" and explain the reason of "the feeling of excitement".
(1). Solidity: originally
(2). Death and life: regarding death and life as a whole
Qi Pengyi: equating long life with short life
"The world is no bigger than the end of autumn, but the mountain is too small; Mo Shou died in mourning, while Peng Zu died. "(
Zhuangzi's Theory of the Same Things) The third sentence: Life and death are great, and people will always be in trouble.
(1). By "Jude", as in the third and fourth sentences of
, it is pointed out that the purpose of the collection is to arouse the attention of future generations on this issue.
(1). Statement: statement, creation
(2). So: the reason for
(3). To: interest
Reading the third paragraph
4. Deepening the migration
1. The pleasure of writing ideas (revision)-the pain of (death and life).
(2). Confucianism, Taoism and the view of life and death of Wei and Jin scholars.