I just read a book recently, which solves this problem. The book How to Read a Book Effectively
is about reading. If you also have the following questions, then this book is well worth reading:
Always want to read a book, but don't know what to read?
I rushed to the bookstore excitedly, and I didn't know how to absorb and select the books in a dazzling array.
influenced by some commercial propaganda, I bought a bunch of books on impulse, and I didn't know where to put them before I finished reading them.
I've read a lot of books, but I can't remember exactly what they say. Can't remember the contents of the book.
The books I have read are piling up, but they have never been of any use.
......
The core idea of this book can be summed up in four simple words: reading notes.
Yes, I insist on taking reading notes. Maybe you think this is very common and there is nothing innovative!
But:
1. How many people have you met who insist on taking reading notes?
2. The reading notes told by the author are quite different from what you think.
The author divides the reading process into five stages: book selection, book purchase, reading, recording and flexible use. Then, the whole process of these five stages needed for reading is run through by the method of reading notes. (that is, reading notes are used in all the processes of book selection, book purchase, reading, recording and flexible use. ) as shown in the following figure:
By making full use of this method, you can effectively stop blind reading, do active reading, and fully digest the contents of the book, and then transform them into your own knowledge in your mind to achieve the purpose of learning and using it flexibly. And all these processes only need a notebook (paper notebook, not a computer, the same below) and a pen to complete. Is it really so amazing? And see how the author does it.
Step? 1? Choose books and buy books by name with the book list
Imagine if you had a book list in your hand before you went to the bookstore to buy books, wouldn't you be so at a loss when faced with all kinds of books in the bookstore? So, how to make a list of books? The author provides three steps:
Step 1: Record all the inspirations about reading in your mind at any time and anywhere in your notebook, including reading information from all external sources, such as advertisements, book reviews, TV, magazines, newspapers, others' recommendations and books. Because these information from daily life reflects your real desire to read.
Step 2: Search online to see if there is a target book.
step 3: further list it as a book purchase list. (As shown in the figure below, just list the title, author, publisher and remarks.)
Buy books by name with the list of books
Peng Xiaoliang's comments: Actually, I think it's unrealistic to keep a notebook at any time and place, but we can use a very practical mobile APP (Evernote) instead of a notebook to record the reading inspiration scattered in our lives. After going home at night, I will sort out the scattered information in my impression notes into a book purchase list.
use evernote APP instead of paper notebook
Step? 2? Buying books, buying books in a physical store is more impressive (author's point of view)
After making a list of books in the first step, the next step is to take this list to the physical store, find the corresponding books and decide whether to buy them. (The problem of buying books blindly and impulsively can be effectively avoided by the method of buying books list)
Peng Xiaoliang's comments: Maybe I'm too lazy. Personally, I feel it's too much trouble to buy books in physical stores. I buy books in online bookstores like Dangdang, JD.COM and Tmall. Moreover, you can basically retrieve the book review information of the corresponding bibliography on Douban, and even try to read some chapters, so personally, it is more convenient to buy books online.
Step? 3? Read, mark while reading, and prepare for the next reading note
After buying the book you want to read, the next step is to start reading. But when reading, you should not read aimlessly, but read with the mentality of "writing reading notes after reading", so that you will keep thinking during the reading process: what can be written in the reading notes?
A French writer, Shigeru Kashima, said that books are focused and there is no need to read them carefully from beginning to end. Accordingly, there is no need to cover everything when taking reading notes. Just record those parts that move you the most, arouse you the most, or subvert your original thoughts the most. Taking reading notes is a very personal matter, so you can take notes as you like.
In order to make reading notes simple, quick, concise, comprehensive, concise and profound, try to remember only the essence and discard the invalid content. The author provides the following method.
step 1: read through. While reading, turn the page that you think is valuable (the upper corner).
step 2: reread. After reading it, read the pages with broken corners again. If you still find it valuable, fold the other corner (lower corner) of the page.
step 3: marking. Re-read the pages with the upper and lower corners folded. If you think it is still valuable, mark it with a pen.
step 4: record. Reread the part marked with a pen. If it is still difficult to give up, extract it from your reading notes.
In this way, through the four-step screening, we can ensure that the contents extracted from the reading notes are profound and refined, and they are the parts that bring you the most emotion and buzz. In the future, you can quickly absorb all the nutrition of the book by rereading the reading notes.
Step? 4? Record, onion tuna hot pot note
Note: tuna (three sounds of wei) means tuna.
after marking, how should I record my reading notes? The author suggests that before writing the reading notes formally, you should write down the basic information such as reading date/title/author/publishing house, so as to facilitate future retrieval. For example:
[216821]/ "How to read a book effectively"/Okuno Xuanzhi/Jiangxi People's Publishing House
Then we entered the important method of writing reading notes: onion chaffy dish reading notes method.
Onion tuna chafing dish refers to a Japanese special dish with onion and tuna (tuna) as the main materials, which is very famous in Japan. Here, onions and tuna are used as metaphors to write excerpts and feelings in reading notes.
reading notes with scallion chafing dish means that only two kinds of information need to be recorded in reading notes: excerpts from the original text (indicated by circles)+personal feelings (indicated by five-pointed stars). And excerpts and comments alternate.
The written form is as follows:
Hot pot note-taking method of scallion
Peng Xiaoliang's comments: Through experiments, the hot pot note-taking method of scallion is indeed an excellent way to take notes. Abstract can not only promote the memory of the content of the article, but also deepen the understanding of the content of the article. Feelings can connect the information in the book with your own life. Lay a foundation for the next step (output ideas through speeches, writing, etc.).
Step? 5? Flexible use, positive output to promote ideological internalization
The purpose of reading is to use. If you read so many books, but feel that there is no use, what is the point of reading? After the first four books, you have collected all the essence of a book in your notebook. Then how can I use it? The author's point of view is to actively export the knowledge you have gained. The output can be in the form of writing, speaking or even chatting with others.
We all have the experience that even though we feel we know a thing very well, when we tell others or write it down, we always feel that there are still many vague contents. Therefore, whether it can effectively output is the best way to test whether it is mastered. When you explain the contents of the book to others, you will really understand it. When you study on the premise of thinking output, the quality of thinking input will also be improved.
For example, writing this article is an output process. This can not only deepen my understanding of the contents of the book, but also test my mastery through readers' feedback. It's killing two birds with one stone.
The above is the basic method of how to choose books, buy books, read books, record books and then learn and use them by reading notes, which is introduced by Keno Ono in How to Read a Book Effectively.
In fact, there are many problems involved in the book, such as:
How can you read three books at the same time and make reading notes for them?
when more and more reading notes are made, how to ensure that the previous notes can be retrieved as quickly as possible when information is needed?
if you can use reading notes to solve the puzzles in real life?
how to manage books that have been read, books that have been read without reading notes, and books that have finished reading notes?
how to clean up books that I will never read again?
......
I won't go into details about the space relationship. Interested students may wish to read this book by themselves, and maybe you will have your own brand-new gains and feelings.
PS: In addition to the methods introduced by the author, I also used the mind map method to make the contents of the book into the following picture and put it in my reading notes. In this way, I only need to see this picture to recall the main framework of the book, which is also a good method.
mind map reading notes
END