Characteristics of blue-and-white multicolored twelve-flower cups in Kangxi of Qing Dynasty

The main pigments of Kangxi multicolor are red, yellow, green, blue, black, purple and gold. The process of blue-and-white multicoloring is to outline the painting on the blue-and-white porcelain tire, fire the glaze at high temperature, then fill the glaze with different colors according to different parts of the pattern, generally 3 to 5 kinds, and finally fire it at low temperature in the color furnace. This process is also called color fighting, which is also called color fighting in Ming and Qing literature. Doucai, also known as Doucai, was created and fired in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty. It is a combination of underglaze color (blue and white) and underglaze color. Doucai is made by pre-firing underglaze blue-and-white porcelain at high temperature (1300 C), applying mineral pigments for the second time to fill the blank left by the blue-and-white pattern and the gap in the painted blue-and-white outline, and then firing at low temperature (800°C) in a small kiln. Doucai, colorful, calm and old-fashioned, has formed a decorative style that conforms to the aesthetic taste of Ming people.

The output of fighting color porcelain in Qing Dynasty, collectively called fighting color porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties, was greater than that in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty. Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong official kilns also have many excellent products comparable to Chenghua Doucai, especially the "Twelve Flowers Cup of Kangxi" is the representative of Qing Doucai porcelain. On the whole, most of the painted Doucai porcelains in the prosperous period of the Qing Dynasty were exquisite, which changed the weakness of "no leaves" and "single service in four seasons" and became more patterned, but also lost their exquisite and elegant style. Kang, Yong and Gan Guan kilns all have some imitation products, especially in Yongzheng period, so you can rest assured that they can be copied and fired. However, most of these imitations were made in the same year or not, and only a few were entrusted to Chenghua. These objects should be carefully distinguished from tires, glazes, paintings and so on. In addition, during the Yongzheng period, it was also made into pastel fighting colors, which made the fighting color porcelain more luxurious. After Qianlong, Doucai was still being made, and the patterns were mostly flowers and flowers, which continued the style of the prosperous times of the Qing Dynasty, but the brushwork was increasingly scribbled.

Blue and white multicolored porcelain is also one of the important products of Jingdezhen in Kangxi period. It developed from the colorful Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, but it developed much more than that of the Ming Dynasty. "Twelve Flower Cups" combined painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting for the first time in the official kiln of Qing Dynasty, which undoubtedly made porcelain have higher artistic attainments. More importantly, it set an indelible example and laid a foundation for the enamel porcelain of Gan Yong's poetry.