Question 2: What do you mean by "He Jun Gu Yan Gu"? Its: adverb, indicating the expected mood. Consciousness means that you should examine this matter in detail.
This sentence is from Biography of Kuang Heng. Its usage is the same as that of high school, but it is the father's ambition to remember.
The following are the sources
After the collapse of Yuan Di, he ascended the throne of the emperor. On balance, he advised Confucian classics to have dignity and respect his words. At the beginning, Yuan Di, the secretariat ordered Shi Xian to use things. Since the previous phase, Wei Xuancheng and Heng are afraid to show things and dare not lose their intention. At the beginning of the emperor's accession to the throne, Heng Nai and Zhen Tan * * * pursued their old enmity and made peace with the Party. So a captain violated the rules and said, "Heng and Tan are ministers, knowing their privileges, so they don't punish them for playing in vain, but attach them, so they have no intention of assisting the court for their ministers. It is not the crime of disloyalty, but the crime of overthrowing the people by the first emperor. " Don't break up if you have a letter. Weigh the fear and confess. Begging for bones due to illness, Prime Minister Le 'an Hou Yinmao. The report said: "You are morally enlightened and among the three public officials. We agree with you. I'm sorry that a captain transferred from our company is so arrogant and deceptive. A secretary under the party asked, why not ask the bone? This is my last candle. Is it not just a cloud? If you are impolite, how can you be considerate of others! You can observe it.
"Because of wine, cattle. See things. On the new throne, excellent ministers are praised, but under the princes, most of them are kings. The balance is not safe. Every time there is flood, rain and wind, even begging bones give way. Letters are not allowed to comfort you.
Question 3: What are the meanings of slave, slave, slave, official script and servant? Assign (subordinate). Central zhili.
Officials in feudal times: servants. Jujube pear A slave.
Slaves enslaved in the old society: slaves. Servant.
A style of Chinese characters: official script. Character Li. Han Li.
Servant: slave
Question 4: Why is Qin Li called Guli? In calligraphy, Qin Li is called "Guli" and Han Li is called "Jinli". 1975 12000 bamboo slips with ink on them were unearthed from the Qin tomb in Yunmeng Crouching Tiger Land, Hubei Province. According to the archaeological materials, the characters on some wooden signs and bamboo slips in the Warring States and Qin Dynasties tend to simplify seal script, reduce strokes, change the font into square flat and use wave pen. This is the bud of official script. In the Western Han Dynasty, the elements of Li style in calligraphy were further increased. The silk painting "Lao Zi Jia Ben" unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha has obvious official meaning.
According to legend, a man named Cheng Miao created official script in Qin Dynasty. Cheng Miao started as a small official in a county and was responsible for copying relevant documents. Later, because he committed a crime, he was put into the prison of Yunyang County (now northwest of Chunhua County, Shaanxi Province) by Qin Shihuang.
In prison, there is nothing to do all day He remembered that when copying documents in the past, the characters in the Qin Dynasty were complicated and difficult to write, so he had the idea of changing the writing method of Xiao Zhuan characters. I thought about it in prison for several years, and then collected and studied it for several years after I got out of prison. Ten years have passed. On the basis of seal script, Cheng Miao simplified the evolution of seal script, changed the original round strokes of seal script into square folds, and changed the original pictographic structure like painting into strokes, so that Chinese characters can be written better than before.
After Cheng Miao's successful research, he wrote down 3,000 official script words that he collected and studied successfully in 10 and gave them to Qin Shihuang. After Qin Shihuang saw it, he appreciated Cheng Miao very much and appointed him as the suggestion. At that time, there were many official documents submitted to the emperor, and it was difficult to write seal script, so the number of people using official script increased. Because this font is mostly used by low-ranking officials and is convenient to write, it is called official script.
Cheng Miao, the word Cen, was born in Xiadu (now south of Shaanxi) in Qin Dynasty. He was a small official in the Qin Dynasty. He once worked as a county magistrate and was responsible for paperwork and other errands. Because of his honest temperament, he offended Qin Shihuang and was put into Yunyang prison. It is a pity that he spent several years in prison, doing nothing and wasting his time. He thought, why not do something to forgive his sins?
However, what can you do in prison? This problem has been bothering Cheng Miao. At that time, Qin Shihuang implemented the policy of "using the same language but not the same name", and took Xiao Zhuan as the national unified language. At that time, there were many government affairs and complicated documents. Of course, it is much more convenient to write official documents with seal script, but sketching is inconvenient and time-consuming and laborious, which affects the work speed and efficiency. Cheng Miao used to be a prison guard, and he knew that it was difficult for Xiao Zhuan to adapt to official duties. Wouldn't it be better if he could create a new book style that is easy to identify and fast to write? With this idea, Cheng Miao racked his brains to ponder. So, he devoted himself to the study of font structure in prison and began to learn to write.
Cheng Miao collected all kinds of calligraphy styles circulated by the people, studied them with great concentration and improved them one by one. At the same time, after ten years of processing and sorting, he finally created 3,000 official script characters that are easy to write and identify. He dedicated this achievement to Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang worked very hard when he was young, and he was a man who paid great attention to work efficiency. After the unification of the world, there are so many political, cultural and economic reforms to be promoted. He works day and night and forgets to eat and sleep. Historical records? The chronicle of Qin Shihuang records: "Everything in the world, big or small, depends on the world. Up to the balance stone, the book is presented day and night, and you can't rest until you present it. " In other words, every time Qin Shihuang gave an order, it was based on stone (120 kg), and he would not rest until he had finished batch of a stone. At that time, paper had not been invented, and official documents were all engraved on bamboo slips. 120 Jin bamboo slips, about the height of a person, ask yourself. Even if they didn't finish it, they couldn't rest until late at night. It can be seen that Qin Shihuang was really working day and night.
Qin Shihuang was very happy when he read the words compiled by Cheng Miao. He not only pardoned Cheng Miao's sin, but also made him an official and promoted the empire. Because Cheng Miao's official position is very small, he belongs to "Li", so people call his words "Li". At the same time, "official" also refers to "petty official", that is, a small official in charge of documents, so in ancient times, Li Shu was also called "auxiliary book". This kind of official script is characterized by flat width, simple structure, straight strokes and waves. Compared with Xiao Zhuan, it is convenient to write and easy to identify. Later, in order to distinguish it from the official script of Han dynasty, it was called Qin official script.
The appearance of Qin Li is a great change in the history of Chinese characters and even calligraphy ...
Question 5: What is official script? China's calligraphy has a long history of several thousand years, and has quite superb artistic achievements. From ancient times to the present, the changes of calligraphy style are rich and colorful, which can be roughly divided into: seal script (including big seal script and small seal script) official script, regular script (also called original script, including Weibei, Tang monument and so on). ), running script, cursive script (including Cao Zhang, Jin Cao and Crazy Grass). Among these five languages, seal script, official script and regular script are bred, transformed and gradually formed with the changes of the times.
Official script is the main style of calligraphy in Han Dynasty. The appearance of official script can be traced back to the Warring States period. According to previous records, official script is a vulgar word used by Qin disciples, which was created by Qin prison official Cheng Miao. In fact, the emergence of various fonts has its social and political roots, and it is produced and developed with the development of society, not an invention of one person. However, this record can show that this kind of vulgar character-official script is very popular among the disciples of the Qin Dynasty.
After Qin Shihuang unified China, in order to consolidate the feudal regime, establish centralization and implement unified measurement. Lishu is a seal script, and the Langyatai engraving and Qinshan stone carving preserved to this day were the standard characters at that time. During the reign of Qin Shihuang, imperial edicts were engraved on various measuring instruments. Due to the short time of seal cutting, we can't stick to the circular strokes and strict posture of seal cutting, so we use strokes that tend to be horizontal and vertical, which is convenient for writing and seal cutting. This practice of turning a circle into a square, turning an arc into a straight line, and folding the pen at the transition without turning the seal script into a pen is indeed much faster and more convenient than the writing and cutting of seal script. It can be seen that even the imperial edicts of the ruling class at that time had to use convenient and quick calligraphy in some cases. In fact, this new style of calligraphy has long been produced and popular among the people, but it has not been recognized by the supreme ruler.
Han Dynasty was the rising period of feudal society. In the early Western Han Dynasty, the gradual recovery of agricultural economy, the development of handicrafts, the prosperity of commerce, the unification of the country and the development of local transportation all contributed to the corresponding development of writing. In this way, official script has been widely used and gradually replaced the position of seal script. According to the needs of society, official script not only becomes round and square, but also simplifies the strokes. But strictly speaking, this is not a typical official script, it should be the text in the transition period from seal script to official script.
It was not until the Eastern Han Dynasty that the official script reached a mature stage. When a new style of calligraphy comes into being, it always has an irregular and naive form at first, but in the hands of the ruling class, it is gradually replaced by a regular and neat form, because the standard fonts are always processed, sorted and standardized, which is the development law of calligraphy art, and the trend of neat strokes in official scripts, the generation of wave potential, the elevation of pointillism and the choice of decoration are all the results of this processing and development. The wave of official script came into being in the late Western Han Dynasty, which is the characteristic of official script's maturity. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, this wave-picking style reached its peak, especially the gorgeous official script on the tall stone tablet, which unfairly achieved the role of propaganda content and also played a decorative role in the tablet body. Inscription of official script in the Eastern Han Dynasty is the peak stage of Han Li.
Compared with seal script, official script not only changed its shape (rectangle flattened), but also was convenient to write. Judging from the calligraphy skills, it is much richer than seal script. The dots in the official script of the Western Han Dynasty are like children's pens. Later, it gradually got better, and the pen was upright. When starting, stopping, waving, etc. It can also brush, push, bet or float. Therefore, the skill of using a pen in the official script in the Eastern Han Dynasty is much more complicated and rich than the lines in the seal script. This is a new development of calligraphy art.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was popular to erect steles and carve stones, some to praise the ruling class, some to record worship superstitions, some to record the deeds of the dead, and some to spread classic books issued by the ruling class. Some are carved on stone tablets, some on cliffs and some on buildings. Stone carvings are easier to preserve than other materials, so the stone inscriptions handed down to this day are rich in written materials. We collectively refer to the words on this stone carving as inscriptions.
There are about 100 or 200 inscriptions in the Han Dynasty. Some original stones no longer exist, only rubbings are left; Some monuments have been damaged, and only some handwriting still exists. Among them, 100 is relatively complete. There are a large number of inscriptions in the Eastern Han Dynasty with different styles and wonderful brushwork, which are the treasure house of Han Li's calligraphy.
During the Jin and Tang Dynasties, although regular script was very popular, official script was still not abolished. Until today, the application of official script is more extensive, precisely because the structure and brushwork of official script are very diverse, with diversity and artistry.
Question 6: Excuse me, what do you mean by being loyal to the legacy? The monk in Zuojie recorded the worship of the three religions, talked about introducing great virtues, and Ankuji gave the master Dada a a sudden death.
Pei Xiu's Theory of Making Monuments in the History Museum:
The mysterious tower owner, Duan Fu, the exorcist, belongs to him.
Yu! For her husband, at home, Zhang Renyi is polite and happy, assisting the emperor to help the world and guide the customs; When you become a monk, you will be compassionate and wise, and you will be assisted by Tathagata to explain and benefit students. I don't think my husband is either. I don't know if I can reach Tao. Monk, he's a monk!
Tianshui is a human being. His first mother, Mrs. Zhang, dreamed of becoming a monk and said, "To be a noble son." . Is to take the relic out of the bag and swallow it. On his birthday, the dream monk entered his room during the day. Modingqi said: This must be a great teaching method. Say it and die.
As an adult, he is tall and big-eyed, big and square, six feet and five inches long, and his voice is like a bell. The husband must pay attention to the Tathagata Bodhi and chisel the eyes and ears of the living beings, which will be different.
When I was almost ten years old, according to the records of Chongfu Temple, this monk was named Misha. Seventeen, is crossing the monk, turn Anku temple. With dignity, Yu became a lawyer, and he was promoted to the lawyer of Chongfu Temple, preaching the only sense of justice of Nirvana to ankokuji master Su. After the dream, the Brahma told him, "Sanzang saved your stomach." Nature, the classic theory is invincible in the world. Including Sichuan notes, no matter when the original meeting is held, it is impossible to know its shore.
The husband should cut a plant in the passionate field, and the rain is in the law. He should have the courage and wisdom to distinguish it.
There is nothing wrong with coolness, all saints are there; Play the great classics in Taiyuan and finish the meeting in the capital.
Emperor Dezong heard his name, and he was very happy when he saw it. Frequent visits to the Forbidden City to explore Confucianism and Taoism. Give a purple robe. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, Xi Shi was different. After the imperial edict to the Crown Prince of the Eastern Dynasty.
Emperor Shunzong deeply admired his style. If you get close to Kundi, Lie down at the stage. Enlitan.
Tang Xianzong counted his temples. Treat them like guests and friends. Great wall consultant. The injection is too thick.
Monks, however, are colorful, eloquent and cater to their purposes, all of which are true. Although the response is expected, it is not a matter of publicity. So the son of heaven knows that Buddha is a great saint, and his teaching is incredible. When the time came, the imperial court leveled the place in the summer, bound Wu Ganshu and left Cai Dangtuo, but the son of heaven ended up with nothing. Monk Zhao led his family to meet the real bone in Lingshan and opened the ceremony hall in the secret hall. Pray for blessings and offer incense.
After the punishment, there were no disabled soldiers, no sorrow, and no waves in the rivers and seas. Gai can multiply the truth by the bright eye effect of major policies.
If a husband wants to show an incredible way and assist a promising king, there must be a mysterious move.
He was in charge of the inner temple rituals and recorded the monk affairs in Zuojie for eleven years. When it comes to Nirvana's exposition of Confucian classics, there are 160 people who are taught by benevolence and multiplied by the custom of inducing Taoism. Luck is the three secrets of yoga, and nothing happens in a known place. I have held various ministerial meetings over100000 times. Refers to the pure land as a place to rest your shoulders, and Yan Jinjing as a law of gratitude. I donated tens of millions before and after, and noticed that there were sacrificial decorations in the temple, and the carvings were extremely beautiful. The abbot's bed is quiet and complacent.
Your ministers and nobles all admire you, and the chivalrous Jia Hao is looking forward to it. Recommend jade sincerely, and be strict and polite. There are thousands of books every day, and you can't write a book. Bhikkhu, that is, all sentient beings, take care of the Buddha, leave the Buddha all around to cultivate goodness, and be sincere without hills, princes and platforms. It is often said by discussants that achievement lies not in the walker, but only in the monk.
The husband will want to sail across the sea, and those who are fascinated by the other side will be better.
On the first day of June in the first year of Kaicheng, it was destroyed in the west right. In summer, your face was full of dignity, but now it's evening and the fragrance smells good. On July 6, 2000, he moved to Nanyuan, Changle, leaving behind tea leaves and getting more than 300 sarira. The square feet are bright and the moon is bright, and the bone beads are round. To the great, the tower is mysterious Ordinary people are 67 years old and monks are 48 years old.
Disciple bhikkhu bhikshuni has been around for more than a thousand generations, either metaphysics or Jigang Temple. Practice Zen, master the Dharma, and be divided into fifty divisions. Are all successful.
Yu! Is a monk a monk? Otherwise, why is He Zhide's scholarly style so prosperous?
Accept the disciple's promise, be righteous and stick to his legacy. The emblem of great fear is sometimes lost, but Gong Liu, who has the deepest edge of Dharma and a solid path, is also self-righteous and willing to sow dust. Don't try to go to its vassal, get ready, praise it with joy and cover up your words without guilt.
Yue Ming:
Immortals rob thousands of buddhas. The fourth can be kind. Feel sorry for my life. The classics break the dust.
The teaching network is high. What time? There are exorcists. I heard it with my own ears.
On Tibetan scriptures. Abstain from wisdom. Depth is homologous. I've been feeling each other.
Different religions are biased. Which is right and which is wrong? There are exorcists. For frost and hail.
If you are really interested, you will be depressed. If you participate in counterfeiting, it will flow. As light as a mad ape. Do not close the hook.
The knife is broken. There are still sores and warts. There are exorcists. Never mind, swim.
Datang Yun Qi. Daxiong hangs on religion. Ghost symbol of 1000 years. Three times, twice.
Love and care. Demonstration and praise. There are exorcists. Call on this occasion.
An empty door is being opened. Fayu Fangkai. This is a magnificent building. Once destroyed.
Shuiyue mirror image. Have no intention of coming. Sequential learning. Look around. ...& gt& gt
Question 7: What does the maid-in-waiting eunuch mean by food? The original meaning of food is eating together. Later, there were two explanations: the first one refers to the so-called homosexuality of women in the palace today (lesbians in ancient times should be called grinding mirrors), and those palace ladies who were not favored by the emperor had sex with women because the deep palace was not allowed to contact the opposite sex; The second also refers to the nominal husband and wife formed by maids and eunuchs.
Because there are many eunuchs and maids in the palace, comforting each other for loneliness. When people fall in love in private, they just can't share the same bed. They just eat and comfort each other. This is the so-called "opposite food" or "vegetable households"; Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, is said to have had relevant experience.
The phenomenon of eating also refers to the object of asexual behavior.
Question 8: What does it mean to take the right path and travel thousands of miles, and to be solid in paint and stone? There is a way to make friends, even if they are thousands of miles apart, friendship is as strong as glue and comparable to stone.
Question 9: What does immersion mean? It has ten meanings:
1. infiltration; Wet. Han Dong's Chinese book "Rain and Hail Pair": "Fog does not stop, but bubbles; Snow is not sealed, but it is poisonous. " The poem "Lotus" in Tang and Song Dynasties: "Immersion is exposed again, and anger is autumn wind."
2. extend to dip dyeing. Mozi? Daqu: "So, it's like a drum." Sun Yirang said, "Selected Works? In "Cave and Xiao Fu", the cloud says,' If you are still immersed, the meaning of blind date is attached.' Seven admonitions on "Han Dong Fang Shuo"? "Jiang Shen": "The sage rewards himself, but he is immersed in the day and contracts." Yuan Shiyan's Preface to the Miscellaneous Notes of Zhiyatang: "Weng is immersed in his predecessors and talks about his friends, so he speaks exclusively." Qing Dai Mingshi's Preface to Di Manuscript: "I am so obsessed with my ambition that there are still people who stand on their own feet and do not immerse themselves in the secular world." Zhu Ziqing's The Depth of Tao Poetry: "Although the source can be found, even if it is relevant, it may not be the author's intention to quote;" However, a person can benefit from reading, but sometimes he is unintentionally immersed. "
3. Water overflows, overflows. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Bao Zhao's poem "Farewell to Brothers" said: "Immerse, Lan Yunzi." "Saving the Sink" in Yuxi, Liu Tang: "During the Zhenyuan period, there was a big flood ... and I stepped forward and immersed myself in it." "Ming history? River Channel II: "Huai Si Shui went down to Yang Shan without going down to the clear mouth, and entered the sea from Huangpu mouth. Pukou can't be exhausted. It is immersed in the lakes of Gaobao and Shao Bo, but the lake embankment is gone. "
4. Gradually spread and expand. Hanshu? "The rich can't protect themselves, and the poor can't save themselves. They started as thieves and couldn't cover the mountains and rivers, so they were immersed in the world, so there were often tens of thousands of places in Qing, Xu, Jing and Chu. " Song Yu's "Chicken Ribs" volume: "My feet are swollen in my later years, and my medical care is ineffective. For a long time, the flesh will rot, the fingers will fall, and they will die when they are immersed in it. " Ming Liu Ji's Spring and Autumn and Ming Jing? When the Chu people attacked Xu Gong, they said, "I looked at the Yellow River and didn't save it, so I drowned in Xu." Zhang's "Five Ignores": "Newborn species are gradually becoming primitive people. They have been immersed for a long time. I saw today's society and today's country. "
Step 5: Gradually. New Tang book? Zhang Chuan: "Slander is immersed in the world." Qing Tan Stone's "Benevolence" I: "The tiger in the martial arts makes perfect, the scholar is clever, the king is clever, and the emperor is clever."
6. Infringement; Eat it. Seven Books of the South? "Biography of Confucius": "Ants are evil before, and they eat Fan Han; It is poisonous today and has not been soaked. " Tang Li Deyu's "Respect for the Noble and the Policy": "The Northern Emperor praised merit and consumed China. One kind is flat teeth, the root is sealed, and the heart is different. Clothes are in full swing and evil spirits are at work. It has been immersed in the room for more than a hundred years. " Song Shao Bowen's Record Before Smelling Volume 4: "If you tolerate it, you will be insatiable and immersed in it."
7. asymptotic; Close. Tang Hanyu's Preface to Send Meng Dongye: "Meng Jiao Dongye began to sing with his poems; Higher than Wei and Jin dynasties, unremitting ancient. Everyone else is immersed in the Han family. " The mediocre "Luyuan Cong Hua"? Yi neng? Linyi: "Recently, many people lived in the Qin and Han Dynasties ... Tiandu people are especially good at it, such as Ba, Hu Chengdong, Ba Yuting, Bao and Jixi Zhou Zonghang, all of whom can immerse themselves in the Qin and Han Dynasties."
8. refers to the migration of time. Wang Song Anshi's Biography of Hong Fan: "Immersed in the Han Dynasty, handed down in the family." Song Hongmai's Xu Li Preface: "One hundred and eighty-nine empty tablets are translated into twenty-seven volumes, named Shi Li ... and the twenty-seven volumes listed in front are called Xu Li, which is higher than Xijing, whose ancestors were immersed in Wei and Jin Dynasties in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Feng Guifen's Preface to the Printing of the Qing Dynasty: "What Yin knows is only the name of an official position. Since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, he has devoted himself to Zhai Ge and carved poems widely. "
9. Rain, tears and sweat keep falling or flowing. Song Ouyang Xiu's poem "Happy Rain": "Light rain is scattered and soaked, moist and deep." Li Mingshizhen's compendium of materia medica? Cao Qi? "Rubu" (attached) quoted Su Song as saying: "According to Cui's" Maritime Collection and Prosecution ",treat dark eyes, cold tears, green blindness and dark sky." Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio? Xiaocui: "If you stop crying, caress it and your breath will rest, but you will sweat and soak it."
10. Immersion. Metaphor >>