Of course, there is no doubt about it. Classical Chinese is an important part of China traditional culture.
This shows that the history of modern civilization in China is still very short, and it is necessary to deconstruct or interpret the traditional culture, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is based on the correct interpretation of classical Chinese. (2) Classical Chinese is knowledge.
This is right, because classical Chinese is no longer a language, it is purely a kind of writing. But classical Chinese is knowledge, and so is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Why not learn from Oracle Bone Inscriptions? By the way, it is precisely because Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively primitive writing, so classical Chinese is the basis for further study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and other traditional advanced writing (learning).
(3) Classical Chinese is also a skill. The expression, description, combination, transformation, metaphor, comparison and deduction of Chinese fully bear the style of Chinese civilization in ideological expression.
Mastering the physical structure of classical Chinese has a profound understanding of modern Chinese, and there are "laws" to follow in the construction of new Chinese. (4) "Classical Chinese" is the antonym of "vernacular Chinese".
The structure of this word is as follows: classical Chinese-Chinese. The first "text" is "writing" and "speech" is language.
"Classical Chinese" refers to "written language". It shows two meanings: first, it shows that classical Chinese is a language; Secondly, the language was written later.
"Written" language also has two meanings: one is a culture that can have language without words, for example, most ethnic minorities only have language without words; Secondly, the function of language quits life and becomes history in the form of words. The literal meaning of "classical Chinese" should be: the written language style.
The latter's "text" refers to style. (5) Does classical Chinese have a "future" besides archaeological research? In other words, what life application value will it have? I think there is.
When the traditional life style fades out of modern society, people just ignore the social life in some marginal fields, which leads to the suspicion or neglect of classical Chinese in modern application. For example, in religious buildings, some inscriptions will still be written in classical Chinese, or in calligraphy and engraved with tools.
The application of seal script is also mostly the same. (6) The word "classical Chinese" can also include the relationship between language and writing in cultural history.
In a certain form, once a language-including dialects-has "culture" and "writing", that is, writing, its language charm is reduced, while the function of writing is doubled. Because language is usually passed down orally and closely related to life, language has not yet entered the cultural state. It is the retention of life experience, without the expansion of words.
(7) In the process of reading classical Chinese, we will inevitably have an illusion: Did the ancients say so? I think this can be "felt" through the differences in the expression of written and spoken languages in the present tense, and there is not much difference in the structural rules between them. It can also be speculated that the ancient people's speech is just more casual, albino and popular than classical Chinese, and "three words and two beats" can also be used as a reference.
As for reading classical Chinese now, of course, it does not mean repeating the words of the ancients, but reciting or silently reading a style. (8) When reading classical Chinese, I feel that my thinking is very clear, just like reading the works of western philosophers occasionally, which is very solemn.
2. Ancient prose and wife's book reply 100 words. My husband is very encouraged. I don't know if you can read this book, but I'll tell you everything. I love you very much, and you love my concubine. When writing this book, my concubine was very sad and unable to extricate herself.
This world, Murphy Wang Tu, belongs to the Qing Dynasty. I know you are patriotic, but at present, the people have no food and clothing, and officials have officials, so you insist. I believe that Mr. Sun Yat-sen will do his best to serve the country, the people and the children. You have the heart to leave my concubine and work hard for the well-being of the world.
I am not afraid of the hardships of life. With my hands and relatives, I will be able to raise my second son by my own efforts, so that he can grow up in a safe place without being harmed by pollution.
Losing you, I can't get the word "sad", but I'm worried about everything. May you be with my heart, your soul will always be with me, and my cry will correspond to you. I miss you very much.
3. Regarding the format of writing a letter in classical Chinese, the format of writing a letter: a letter to-(optional) dear-(written in the top box) (blank) first say hello to the other party as a salute (written on a new line in the top box). The letter format signed by the writer above the date of writing is the format of general letters, which can be slightly changed in practical use.
Envelope format: recipient's postal code, recipient's address, recipient's name, sender's address, sender's postal code PS: Of course, you can only write the recipient's information, but it can't be returned if the address is incorrect. China's envelope is written vertically.
From the top right, there is a vertical rectangular red box in the middle of the recipient's address, with the recipient's name and reference, usually "Mr.", and the sender's appropriate signature written on the bottom left.
Format of notification: Various types of notifications are written in different ways. The following is a general description of the titles and texts of various notices: 1. Title.
There are two kinds of notices: complete and omitted. A complete title is a title with a complete issuing authority, reason and language, and one or two of the omitted titles are omitted as needed.
There are three kinds of omitted titles: (1) Omitting the issuing authority. If the title is too long, the issuing authority can be omitted.
For example, the notice on the economic management authority of county-level cities omits the issuing authority. It is common to omit the name of the issuing institution.
Two or more units jointly issued a document, and the issuing organ cannot be omitted. (2) Omit redundant words such as "about" and "notice".
The title of the notice of publication and approval consists of "publishing authority+publication (approval and forwarding)+published document title+notice". When a document is published, approved or forwarded as a regulation or rule, the title of the book should generally be added. Sometimes, due to the words "about" and "notice" in the title of the approved or forwarded document, or the title of the approved or forwarded document is relatively long, the title of the notice can generally be retained by the last issuing (approving or forwarding) document authority and the original document authority, and the redundant "about" and "notice" can be omitted.
Otherwise, there will be a phenomenon that there are multiple "about" and "notice" in a title, which is very long and difficult to read. For example, Notice on Forwarding People in * * County, Notice on Forwarding People in * * * City, Notice on Forwarding People in * * * Province, Notice on Forwarding People's Ministry of Personnel on Comrades' Enjoying Grade * * after Restoring their Reputation.
This title has four levels, and it uses three "about forwarding" and two "notices", which is very awkward. This title can be simplified as "Notice of People in * * County Forwarding to the Ministry of Personnel about Comrade * * * enjoying the treatment of * * after his reputation is restored".
As for the contents forwarded by various provinces and regions, it can be clearly stated in the forwarding opinions. (3) omission of the issuing authority and reasons.
If the scope of the notice is small, the content is simple, and even it can be posted, the title of this notice can omit the issuing authority and reasons, and only write the word "notice" in language. 2. Text.
The text of the notice mainly includes three parts: reasons, matters and requirements. The topic is in the question section.
The following are several ways to write the text of the notice: (1) the way to write the suggestive notice. For the body of the suggestive notice, the reason, background and basis of posting should generally be written first; In the matters part, or write and publish administrative regulations, rules, measures, measures, etc. , or write mandatory, command, decision-making principles (or indicative opinions) and specific work requirements.
Generally speaking, suggestive notices have the characteristics of great influence, urgency and strong policy. (2) Compiling of mandatory notice (approval and forwarding notice).
The text of forwarding and forwarding notice is basically the same. These two kinds of notices can be called "comment on writing", and the approved documents can be regarded as the main contents of the notice.
The comment content mainly includes the following three aspects: 1) stating the purpose of the comment or stating the forwarding reason; 2) Put forward specific requirements for the recipient to implement; 3) Make supplementary provisions according to specific conditions. When approving or forwarding official documents of subordinate organs, non-subordinate organs and superior organs by notification, it plays a role in publishing, approving or recommending approved and forwarded documents.
From the point of view of composition, this kind of notice consists of the part for soliciting opinions and the documents that have been approved or forwarded, and neither the part for soliciting opinions nor the documents that have been approved or forwarded can be regarded as a single document. If the comment on writing is divorced from the approval or forwarded documents, and there is no actual content to rely on, it is impossible to write alone; If the forwarded or forwarded documents leave the comment on writing, they cannot be included in the notice, can not reflect the intention of the issuing unit, and have no authority and legal status in the comment on writing.
(3) Writing of event notice. The writing of the text of the event notice should make the trustee understand the contents (i.e. matters) of the notice, what to do, how to do it, and what requirements are there.
The text is generally divided into three parts. ? The first part is the beginning, which roughly explains why this notice was sent and what its purpose is.
The second part is the main body, that is, the matters part, which lists the specific contents of the notice one by one, expounds the arranged work or matters that need to be clearly understood, and explains the requirements, measures and methods. Most of these notices are used to arrange work, so some people call them "work notices".
The third part is the conclusion, which puts forward more implementation requirements, such as "please follow it", "please implement it carefully" and "please learn and implement it", and some notices don't write idioms at the end. When writing a notice, come straight to the point and avoid beating around the bush.
When describing things, we should highlight the key points and write the main and important ones first. According to the needs, the main content can be written in detail, explain the truth and explain the measures, and the secondary content can be as concise as possible.
In terms of language expression, the Notice focuses on narration and puts forward requirements for subordinate units. Sometimes you can do some analysis and reasoning properly.
However, the reasoning in the notice is not as rigorous and logical as that in the argumentative paper. Just grasp the key issues and explain the truth clearly in concise language. (4) The writing method of informative notice.
As long as the basis, purpose and matters of writing are clearly stated in the text of the notice. The text is required to be concise and clear.
(5) Writing of meeting notice. According to its different types, there are different writing methods for meeting notices.
The notice of the meeting sent through the document delivery channel should generally indicate the reason, purpose, name, main topics, participants, time and place of the meeting and report, and the materials needed, which are usually used.
4. The writing format and words of China's ancient letters: title, opening remarks, text, conclusion, congratulations, signature, postscript, supplement 1. Nomination is a word attached to a title to improve it.
Raising the title means honoring the trustee, which means, for example, sending a bachelor (On Du Tan by Wang Anshi), a public seat, a gentleman's guide, a mother's guide, a good brother, etc. Some titles not only promote the title, but also invite the trustee to read this letter, such as "teaching a lesson" and "learning from others".
There are many appellations commonly used in China's traditional letters, so we should pay special attention to the coordination with appellations when using them. Second, the opening remarks are the opening words of the letter, or greetings, or reminders to write.
The joint notice pays tribute to "honorific words", which means: "I respectfully tell you the following things." The opening remarks are divided into two categories.
(1) means that the writer sincerely invites the receiver to read this letter. (2) according to the specific situation, or make a polite greeting, or prompt to write a letter, etc.
Third, the text of the letter, that is, what the writer said to the recipient, is the main body of the letter. The text starts from the second line of the letterhead, preceded by the word blank.
If the prologue is on a separate line, the text can be written on the next line of the prologue. The contents of the letter are different, so there is no need to unify when writing, and the principle is accurate expression and accurate meaning.
Four. Conclusion It is impolite to write a letter to tell a story and it will be over when it is finished. So, it's like chatting at a friend's house. Before you leave, you need to say a few transitional words, and then you can leave. In the letter, such as "I am eager to learn from books, I am waiting for good news", "Please forgive my late reply" and so on.
The honorific at the end tells the other party that the conversation is over, which echoes the honorific notice in the previous paragraph. Use "Zunqi" in front and "Zunben" and "Save Ben" in the back; If you use "I reply" in front, then use "specialize in this", "grass this" and so on.
A congratulatory letter is a phrase that expresses wishes, respect or encouragement to the recipient at the end of the letter, such as "Ode to Peace". Among them, the words "ode" are written at the end of the text; Words like "Jin 'an" should be written on a new line.
If there are many words in the greeting, you can write it independently, and you don't need to split it in two. If there is enough space under the stationery, or in order to highlight the congratulatory message, you can also write the words "Zhu", "Award" and "From here" in a single line, leaving four spaces empty, and write "An", "Good" and "Salute" in the other top box.
Generally, there is no punctuation mark after the congratulatory message written in the top case. Congratulatory messages should be appropriately selected according to specific circumstances.
At the end of the signature note, write the name of the sender and the time of writing. It should be noted that a self-declaration should be added before the name, and appropriate polite expressions should be chosen under the name.
7. Appellations and supplementary appellations are words with greetings. Postscript generally has two situations: 1. The writer greets the relatives and friends around the trustee, such as: ① Ask your father to pay a New Year call first (about the trustee's parents); Let your brother wait for you (about the trustee's brother); The writer greets the trustee on behalf of relatives and friends, such as: ① Guangping and knocking at the door facing the sea (about his wife and children); My father sends his regards (with a pen).
Supplement, that is, the words that need to be supplemented after the letter is written. Complements are usually prompted by "You Ji:" and "You Kai:".
Complement should not be too long. Remarks: prologue: refined and affectionate boxing.
Received calligraphy without rhyme or reason. I got this book yesterday and read it again and again.
I am very happy to read the imperial edict. Boxing is full of meaning, and I can't say anything.
I'm glad to take over this program. I haven't heard from you for a long time
I believe I have learned my previous letters. I am glad to receive your letter.
Thank you for your letter. I'm glad to know everything. If you see an old friend, take over.
Getting a book is a great comfort. If you get the pleasure of a book, you will see it again.
The number of calligraphy and the warmth of love are beyond words. It's a great honor to get your hands-on instruction and pay tribute to He Kang.
I haven't heard from you for a long time, but I hope everything is all right. I have been writing brush calligraphy for many days, and now I have a little leisure to write a few words.
Admiration: Looking forward to reading. I'm grateful for guidance.
This is a great TV play, and my heart is deeply hurt. I sincerely regret it and use it to dispel dust and confusion.
Read famous books and be amazed. Reading a good book is like hearing a good word from a stone.
I have been a great talent for a long time, but I feel thirsty when I think about it. Dehong was envious and admired again and again.
Thank you for your kindness and great work. I am very grateful to you. Missing words: I broke up for many days, hope that you are well? Years don't live, but the four seasons flow.
A few months later, it was deep. If you are not tired, what else can you think? The sea is in sight, and I can't wait.
Don't worry about it in the future, your heart will turn. The feeling of parting is still bitter today.
I'm worried about not coming for a long time. How's it going? Read it.
In my previous letters, I am sure I have learned a lot from you. I haven't seen polyphony, thinking and time accumulation so far. Greetings: spring is chilly, be kind to yourself and cherish yourself.
In the spring of March, Yan Yu carved beams, which must be refreshing! When this spring breeze warms up, I hope to be healthy both physically and mentally. Spring is a pleasant day. Have you made good use of it? Spring is beautiful, and the family must be healthy.
When you want to enter summer, you are willing to take care of yourself. The scorching sun, please be careful.
Gradually entering the cold, the bow is safe and sound. Autumn is cool, but I am lucky to take care of myself.
Sweat and summer are impermanent, and Fu Wei cherishes self-love. Self-report: I live a quiet life, but I can release my thoughts.
The house is safe, please release the suspense. The base body is safe at first, so it is difficult to ask for it.
The base is in good health and the family members are healthy. The minor illness has healed and the stubborn body is as good as before.
Congratulations: I'm glad to hear that.
I want to send you a few words of congratulations. Sincere congratulations.
Glad to hear that.
Sincere comfort, anxious to send this letter, sincere congratulations.
Apologize: Thank you very much for your understanding and apologize for your late reply. I'm sorry for the long silence.
I'm sorry I haven't written to you for a long time Conclusion: I apologize for writing this down in a hurry.
Please reply first and report later. Thank you for waiting.
I don't want to say anything when I am in a hurry. I would like to apply for figures to show my sincerity.
The book is not satisfactory, and the rest will follow. Nothing is old.
I want to express my gratitude. Please be long and short, don't force it.
If you think it's not enough, please be careful again. I'm busy in the future, so I won't say much.
Committed to restoration. This is my reply.
I am waiting for your reply.
5. Learn ancient Chinese and write to XX Junzu:
I haven't seen you for months, and it's uncertain. Are you healthy? I've thought about it for a long time, but I'm sorry that I'm always troubled by worldly things and I haven't had time to explore it.
I got a book by chance the day before yesterday, and the handwriting was very good, which solved my worries well and I was very happy. I think you need it for a long time, but with the gift, I hope you can regard the book as a surface, one is your worry, the other is your relief, and the rest is your comfort.
The ancients said that time flies, and hundreds of generations have passed. You are ambitious, how can you live in a humble abode in the prosperous times? Fortunately, the country is rich and strong, and everything is competitive. This is a good opportunity to make great achievements. I hope you get your wish as soon as possible.
The year is approaching, I wish you peace and contentment as soon as possible. The rest of me is safe, so don't miss each other. I don't want to send fish to geese. I hope to hear from you again.
Suddenly nodded to XX.
6. How to close the letters of an ancient Chinese text can be found through Baidu Library;
For more information, please refer to:
End of the letter
You can choose an appropriate congratulatory message under the body of the letter:
Write first: wish, true wish, true wish, true wish, praise, sorry, please wait. At the end of the text or on a new line.
(2) Then don't stick the top line, write: (1) Choose according to the season; Xichun, Cheyenne, Qiu Qi, Donjui, Liangchen, Sui and Jin. (2) According to the identity of the object: female: Fang An; Elders; Taian, Fuan, Jinan; Teacher: teaching safety; Editing: editing; Writer: Write about safety, and write about safety (the above-mentioned "safety" can sometimes be changed to "Qi", "Ji" and "Sui". ). (3) According to the situation of the object, choose: marriage: to get married, to get married forever, to get married happily, to fall in love forever, to get married happily; Travel: travel, tourist safety, illness: rehabilitation. Pay attention to the reasonable collocation of words and often make cross-transformations.
At the end of the letter, you can choose some specific words: the paper is short and affectionate, and it is inseparable; In other words, stop writing and let me follow up; The book is not satisfactory, and the rest is very important; I am very busy, I don't want to say anything; I am obsessed with trifles, so I won't say much; Sketching this is not a liberal arts; Please forgive me for rushing into this meadow.
In previous letters, we often see blessings such as Shang Qi, Wen-qi, Jin-qi, De 'an and Ke 'an.
The way of greeting is also related to the generation of the object. For example, when writing letters to elders, we usually use "peace to you" and "sincere prayers". Similarly, when writing to our superiors, we generally use "respectfully ask" and "respectfully ask". When writing to colleagues, we usually use "Please Daan", "Good wishes to Tang Qi" and "Good question".
There are many words that are really difficult to read. China, as a state of etiquette, has a profound cultural background. Although it's embarrassing, some people still use it occasionally in today's workplace etiquette. Here, I post it for your simple understanding.
"Qi" means auspiciousness, and "Shang Qi" is only used for business, which is similar to "prosperous business" in the vernacular.
Other concluding remarks:
1, please be quiet:
For grandparents and parents: Please pay tribute to Jin 'an, please ask Fu 'an to invite Jin 'an.
Used for relatives and elders: Please pay tribute to Fusui, please pay tribute to Chong 'an, just pay tribute, please feel at ease, be sincere and healthy.
Used for teachers: Please be quiet, respectful, respectful, sincere and respectful.
Used for relatives and friends: respect good health and stay near safety, live a relaxed life, follow Hou Daan, and sacrifice to Tai 'an.
To the relatives and friends of the younger generation: seek near goodness, seek near goodness and praise peace.
Used for people who have grandparents with their parents: please serve Ann, bless her and wait for her.
Used for cohabiting couples: please be happy, obedient, happy, respectful and happy.
Used in politics: please respect, please be respectful, please be honest.
Used in military field: Please be respectful and welcome Jiean.
Used in academic circles: only praise writing neat, only seek safety, observance and learning safety, that is, praise the age of literature, that is, wait.
Used in the business world: demanding financial security, respecting waiting security, and praising raising money.
For passengers: please travel safely, pay tribute to the itinerary and inquire about the itinerary.
Household: Please invite Tan An to enjoy Tan Fu and Shun Tan Song.
Used in wedding celebrations: congratulations, congratulations, congratulations.
Used to celebrate the new year: to congratulate the new year, that is, to celebrate the new year.
Used for condolences: at this time, such as filial piety, advice, and plain shoes.
Habit of asking about illness: please ask about health care, and I wish you an early recovery.
Used for seasonal greetings: spring, spring, summer, autumn, winter and furnace.
Used to greet a day: say good morning, good morning, good afternoon, good night, good morning and have a nice day.
2. Honorary remarks under signature:
Used for grandparents and parents: salutation, honorific title, honorific title, honorific title, honorific title, honorific title and knocking at the door.
Habit of respecting elders: sincerity, earnestness, worship, sincerity, respect and sincerity.
Used for peers: sincerity, sincerity, sincerity, hand, hand, nod, worship, say, worship, pray, say and say.
Younger generation: Shou Yu, punctuality, Lu, Cao, Cao Shi and Yu.
Used to reply: Fu Su, hands, heart, heart.
Used for anonymity: justified (with a business card attached), clear-minded, sealed-hearted, forgiving and knowing both.
Used as a supplement: start again, arrive again, update again, update again, update again.
3. Additional remarks:
Greet the elders: ask for a name in front of your father (or mother). In the past, when an uncle didn't come, he asked his name and paid a New Year call.
Greetings to colleagues: A brother prayed for the future and said goodbye. A brother didn't write again.
Greetings to the younger generation: wait for your son Cargill. Say hello to your son.
Greetings from the elders: My father asked me to write a greeting. An uncle asked for greetings.
Waiting for peers: my brother wrote a greeting, and one brother wrote a greeting.
Waiting for the younger generation: the child knocks at the door. Sun Xiao knocked at me. Someone salutes him.