Zhang Fei's calligraphy "Ma Zhiming", Zhang Fei has three historical images. You only know one. What are the other two?

Zhang Fei in history makes people fondle admiringly. He is brave and resourceful. He is not only charming, but more importantly, he knows calligraphy.

Yes, you are not mistaken, just charming and able to write.

Zhang Fei's "Immediate Inscription"

According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, in the autumn of the 23rd year of Jian 'an (2 18), Liu Bei and Cao Cao competed for Hanzhong, and Cao Cao ordered Zhang He to lead 30,000 troops to invade Bazhou. Liu Bei ordered Zhang Fei to lead 10,000 troops to meet in Mengtou (now Quxian County, Sichuan Province). Zhang Fei defeated the famous Zhang He and fled. At that time, he was very happy, so he used stone instead of paper and a spear as a pen to carve a "horse" on the stone wall of Mount Bameng. The two lines of official characters are the same, to show that Jigong encouraged the soldiers and humiliated Cao Jun. ..

Due to the age, the rock cracked and the inscription was damaged. In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), Hu re-carved the tablet according to the rubbings, and attached a small rubbings to the inscription "Immediately" to express his reverence for Zhang Fei.

The elegance of Zhang Fei's calligraphy, not to mention the value of martial arts, is also an achievement for literati.

Zhang Fei's death

Zhang Fei's death was caused by his character. In other words, this is largely due to his "self-suffering". Zhang Fei's personality is characterized by "loving a gentleman rather than a villain", which translates into the image in romantic novels: he often whips his subordinates and keeps them around for appointments.

Liu Bei has warned him many times: "The punishment and killing in the Qing Dynasty is too bad, and it is also a way to eliminate disasters." But he didn't take these words to heart at all. Finally, he was killed by his subordinates.

Zhang Fei's personality determines his temperament, which in turn determines his life. His extreme bad temper makes Zhang Fei a typical savage, but this kind of bad temper is not manifested in flogging his subordinates, but in his extreme hatred of evil forces, but it is not shown in his novels.

Image discrimination

As for the names of "Mang Zhang Fei" and "Zhang Mengfei", they come from Zhang Fei in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Many historical critics divide historical figures into three images: one is the true image of history; One is the folk image; The first is the image of the novel. It would be ironic if some people regard novels as historical facts.

The image of the novel is not repeated here; The historical image can only briefly describe his achievements in calligraphy. After all, the world has misunderstood him too much, and one or two sentences can explain it clearly. We can only talk about folk images here.

Folk images are dominated by myths and legends. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, that is, before the Romance of the Three Kingdoms was written, Zhang Fei was deeply loved by the people. At this time, Zhang Fei was violent and heroic. Zhang Fei has the same personality as ordinary people. He hates evil, is not afraid of powerful people, and does harm for the people, so he is in folklore bit by bit.

Because Zhang Fei is a bit mythical among ancient people, his image will also be endowed with legend. The first thing to bear is his appearance. There is a passage describing Zhang Fei in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "There was a man named Zhang, whose word Yide was from Fanyang County, Yanbang. He was born with a leopard head, leopard eyes and a beard and hair. He was more than nine feet long and sounded like a giant bell. " This description actually reflects the psychology that people compared people to animals at that time, and then carried out primitive totem worship in appearance.

There is also such a description in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. When Liu Bei and Zhang Fei met for the first time, Liu Bei looked back at Zhang Fei: "He is eight feet long, with a leopard head and eyes, a beard and a thunderous voice, like a galloping horse." This appearance is derived from folklore and peace talks, aiming at highlighting Zhang Fei's bravery, recklessness, honesty, frankness and boldness, which makes people daunting.