Su Shi likes drinking tea very much. Tea, poetry and sandman are indispensable things in his life. In the first year of Yuanfeng (AD 1078), Su Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Xuzhou. There is drought in spring and rain in summer this year. Su Shi went to Shitan, twenty miles east of the city, and thanked Tianyu for five songs of Huanxisha. As the saying goes, "It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan is full of wine, and people are thirsty for tea in the sun. Knock on the door and ask the savage. " He vividly described the scene of begging for tea to quench his thirst. He wants to drink tea in the evening: "write a book to fill in the Committee during the day, and cook tea and burn chestnuts at night" ("Two Rhymes of Monks and Gods"); Drinking tea while writing poetry: "It's a shame to meet face to face; Dongpo's poems are in his stomach, and he should rest tonight "("Give Mr. Bao Jingan two teas "); Drink tea before going to bed: "Wash the towel, it will be cool in the evening, and there will be tea fragrance on the remaining teeth and cheeks" ("Two Elders Tong Yuan, the Baojue of Liu Jinshan") "Sleep in the spring, the windows are bright and clean, and you want to see new tea like splashing milk" ("Shoule Hall in Yuezhou"). There is also a "Water Tune Song Tou", which describes the process of picking, making, ordering and tasting tea. It's lively and interesting. Word cloud:
It rained several times and it thundered the night before. Flags and guns fight to build a stream, and spring scenery pulls. Take a tongue, pound it to expose smoke, and make a pile of ziyun. Gently move the gold mill and fly the green dust. The old dragon regiment, a true phoenix marrow, points to the future. In the rabbit's eyes, I suddenly felt my tongue retract. Wake up Qingzhou, fight back against the sandman by millions, and never dream of a balcony. There is a breeze under my arm and I want to go to Penglai.
Long-term official and relegated life has made Su's footprints spread all over the country, from the top of beauty to the shore of Qiantang, from the border of Song and Liao to Lingnan and Hainan, providing him with opportunities to taste famous teas from all over the country. As he said in the poem "Send Huijian Tea to Gan 'an Road": "When did my official taste the tea and tea in the south? "Among them:" Baiyun Peak has two new flags, greasy green and long fresh valley, rainy spring comes ",which is" Baiyun Tea "produced in Hangzhou; Buying Guchunzhu for one thousand yuan seems to be a bet with the Vietnamese. It is "Guzhu Sun Zi Tea" produced in Huzhou, and "Japanese Snowbud" produced in Shaoxing has not been reported, and the new cake in Jianxi has broken the cloud. This beautiful "new cake" was produced in Nanjianfu (now Nanping, Fujian). "The pumice is frosted before it dries, and Jiaokeng tries tea before the rain." This kind of "Jiaokeng Tea" in front of Grain Rain is produced at the foot of Dafanling on the edge of Guangdong and Jiangxi. There is also Moon Rabbit Tea from Fuzhou (now Pengshui) in Sichuan. Shuangjing tea in Fengning, Jiangxi (now Xiushui), Taohua tea in Xingguo, Hubei (now Yangxin) and so on. Su Shi loves tea so much that he compares tea to a "beauty" in the poem "Er Yun Cao Fu sends Gu Yuan to try new tea". Poetry cloud:
The Cao Ling in Xianshan is wet with clouds, and it is warm and fragrant. The bright moon comes to vote for Yuchuanzi, and the breeze blows Wu Linchun. You know, ice and snow have a kind heart, not a new face. Don't laugh when you play a poem. Always beautiful.
Su Shi is very particular about making tea. Boutiques hate all spring. He thinks that good tea must be accompanied by good water. When Xi Ning was a judge in Hangzhou for five years, there was a poem "Seeking the Wisdom of Jiao Qian": "An old friend pitied me for my illness and sent me a new fragrance in a cage. Under the north window, you can have a good sleep during the day. The boutique is tired of the spring, and I hope that the son will come. " Su Shi used poetry to ask Jiao, who knew Wuxi at that time, for the benefit of mountain spring water. Another poem "Yoshioka Fried Tea" has a sentence: "Living water still needs to be cooked with live fire, and the stone is clear." The water for the poet's tea was personally drawn from the depths by fishing stones (not mud) and boiled with living fire (blazing charcoal fire). Hu Zaizan's poem "Yoshioka Fried Tea" in Southern Song Dynasty. "This poem is very strange, and it shows the beauty of making tea." The poet often does it himself, and he doesn't trust his servant: "Grinding it, I dare not pay my servant, but I can see a few beads from the snow soup" ("Lu Zhi thanked the poem and fed the double well tea rhyme"). Su Shi is very particular about the water temperature when making tea and boiling water, so there should be no mistakes. He said in the poem "Examining brew tea": "The crab's eye has passed the fish's eye, and he wants to be a breeze. The velvet falls out of the ground, and the dazzling turns around the snow. The silver bottle of diarrhea soup praised the second place, but I don't know what the ancients meant by decocting water. Don't you see that in the past, Li Sheng was hospitable and fried by hand, but you made a new spring with a live fire. " His experience is that when boiling water, small bubbles like crab's eyes and fish's eyes appear at the beginning of boiling, and when the sound like pines is moderate, it can best attract tea fragrance to the new spring. Overcooked is called "old" and loses its freshness. So wait for the news of water when cooking. Song people once said that "it is the most difficult to wait for soup."
Su Shi also pays attention to the utensils for boiling water and drinking tea. "Copper fishy iron astringent is not suitable for spring", "Dingzhou flower porcelain cuts ruby". Boiling water in a bronze iron pan is fishy and astringent, and Zhao Shi (with the word "stone" on the left) is the best; It is best to drink tea with Ding kiln rabbit hair porcelain (also known as "rabbit hair lamp"). When Su Shi was in Yixing, he also designed a teapot for lifting beams. Later generations named this pot "Dongpo Pot" in memory of him. "Loose wind and bamboo stoves, holding pots and calling each other" is a vivid portrayal of Su Shi using this pot to make tea and drink it alone.
Su Shi grows tea himself. When I talked about Huangzhou, I was in financial difficulties and lived in poverty. Ma Zhengqing, a scholar from Huangzhou, invited a piece of wasteland to the court for him. He cultivates himself, harvests on the ground and helps people who are "short of food" and "short of food". He planted tea trees in this wasteland called Dongpo. "Ask Daye elders to ask for peach blossom tea to grow in Dongpo" says: "Ask me five acres of garden, and mulberry and wheat will suffer. I don't want to be idle, but I also want tea. "In another poem" Planting Tea ",he said; "The pine chamber produces tea, as thin as pine." "After transplanting Baiheling, the soil was soft after the spring rain. It's cloudy for ten consecutive days, just like a night. " In other words, tea is planted in the middle of pine trees and grows thin but not easy to age. Transplanted to the fertile soil of Baiheling, it will grow again after a few days of spring rain. It can be seen that the poet knows well the habits of tea trees.
Su Shi loves tea because he knows the function of tea. In the sixth year of Xining (l073 AD), when he was a general judge in Hangzhou, one day, he asked for leave due to illness and went alone to visit the temples on the lake, such as Jingci, Nanping, Zhao Hui and Zhu Qing in Xiao Zhao. He went to Gushan in the evening to pay tribute to Master Qin Hui. On this day, he drank seven bowls of tea in succession, feeling relaxed and comfortable, and his illness has recovered. So I wrote a song "Visit Buddhist temples, drink seven cups of tea a day, and play books frequently":
Explain that Wei Moyuan is not sick, and he has forgotten his roots at home. There is no need for Di Wei to take a pill and drink seven bowls of tea in Lutong.
The poet tasted the real taste of tea and praised the fun and wonderful use of drinking tea. Yesterday, Wei Wendi once wrote a poem: "If you had a pill by my side, you would have five colors. After serving for four or five days, the body will have wings. " Su Shi believes that Lu Tong's Seven Bowls of Tea is more devoted to this "one pill". He also mentioned many times in his poems that tea can wash miasma: "If I make tea in Ann, advise me to wash miasma in the river" and "I will cook Mao Qiu together".
There is an article about tea in Su Shi's Notes on Qiu Chi, which introduces that tea can relieve annoyance and boredom, and gargling with tea can make teeth firm and dense. He said: "Besides being bored, you can't lack tea, but it hurts. I have a way to rinse my mouth with strong tea every time I eat, which bothers my spleen and stomach. The meat is between the teeth, so it shrinks and you are too lazy to pick holes, but if the teeth are dense. Both middle and low grade teas are used, while high grade teas are not commonly used. There's no harm in drinking for several days. This is very reasonable. " The close relationship between tea and Su Shi's life and Su Shi's application of tea art can be seen from this.
When Su Shi drinks tea, he often hangs the hardships of tea farmers in his heart and "elegies for Li Yuan". "Litchi Bar" accuses aristocratic bureaucrats of paying tribute to litchi in the past, but today they pay tribute to camellia and compete for the new favorite: "You don't see the millet buds by Wuyi Creek, and they compete for the new favorite. This year, they are full of official tea." And bluntly: "I hope that God will have mercy on children and not be born with sores (the original word has the prefix" disease ")." It fully showed his sympathy for tea farmers and criticized the excessive collection of tea farmers.
Su Shi also expresses his feelings about life by chanting tea, which is actually a portrayal of his own mental outlook. Su's first novel, Send Zhou Tea 120 sentences, is a work of singing tea. The poem first describes the history of tea culture before the Song Dynasty: "The vast expanse of the sky, vegetation knows several ethnic groups. Spiritual products are unique and extraordinary. The name began in Ji Dan, and "Lu Tongjun" was gradually broadcast. Who was the first to chant? Du Yu is the only place in Sichuan. People in the Tang Dynasty didn't know what to do, and their works began in the ground. It is often Li Yiqing who yearns for Gao Wei in those days. Therefore, scholars all over the world are addicted to this case. It is not only a treasure of China, but also a treasure of foreign countries. There are good people in Lumen, which is expected. Meet Weng, and the chapter continues. Mountain and garden, screen trace Songjiang music. If you are happy, you will be saved. " Then sigh while chanting: "The breasts are full and the world is really cramped." Famous tea can not only give people full enjoyment: "The cool breeze blows two armpits to yearn for Linghong Valley", "The taste is refreshing, and the head is as light as A Mu", but also lament the shame of famous tea: "The sunflower is blessed with a group wind (the original word is" stone "on the left)" and "If you don't pay attention for a few days, you will know the shame of Erjing." In the poem "Send Hui Jian Tea to Gan 'an Road", the poet compares different tea tastes with the characters of historical figures: "Snowflakes rain on Hezu Road, and I don't know the true taste without taking a sip. After hardships, it can be recorded. Ji An is generous and fierce. The rogue of Caocha has an empty name, and the highest is evil and stubborn. Although the body is light, the body is strong and ups and downs, and the sex is sluggish. In the meantime, it's not good. yu zhang is not a bone. "Praising" arrogant "and" fierce "people with tea fragrance, condemning" evil "and" stubborn "people, laughing and cursing, and driving have all become humorous sentences. The last cloud of poetry; "Collect love and treat guests well, and dare not take the right to drill. Don't spread this poem because it smells like a gentleman. Being empty makes people angry. "Laugh at the villain who seized power with good tea.
Su Shi's versatile contribution to Chinese tea art is also "one more".