Su Shi [Song Dynasty]
The lotus flower withered, so did the lotus leaf holding the rain, and only the branches of chrysanthemum stood proudly against the frost.
You must remember the best scenery in a year, which is in the late autumn and early winter of orange and green.
translate
The lotus flower withered, even the lotus leaf holding the rain withered, and only the flower branch that defeated the chrysanthemum stood proudly in the frost.
You must remember that the best time of the year is the late autumn and early winter when oranges are golden and green.
To annotate ...
: Liu, the word, is the author of a collection of poems. At that time, he was the commander-in-chief of Zhejiang military forces and stationed in Hangzhou. Su Shi regarded him as a national scholar, recommended him on the above table, and paid for his poems.
Lotus: Lotus withers and withers.
Qing: Lift it up, lift it up.
Rain cover: formerly known as umbrella, the poem refers to the way the lotus leaf stretches.
Chrysanthemum residue: Chrysanthemum withered.
Y: still.
Ao Shuang: Not afraid of the cold, strong and unyielding.
Jun: It used to refer to the ancient kings, but later it generally refers to the honorific title for men, you.
Remember: you must remember.
The most important thing is: one is "accuracy".
Orange-orange-green time: refers to the time when oranges turn yellow and remain green, and refers to the late autumn and early winter of the lunar calendar.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem was given by the poet as a gift to his good friend Liu Jingwen. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery, and grasp the "lotus flower exhausted" and "chrysanthemum remnant" to describe the bleak scene in late autumn and early winter. There is a sharp contrast between "nothing" and "still there", which highlights the image of Chrysanthemum Ao Shuang fighting the cold. The last two sentences discuss the scenery and reveal the purpose of giving poems. It shows that although the autumn scenery is bleak, there are also fruitful and mature harvests, which are incomparable to other seasons. The poet wrote this to describe a person's prime of life. Although youth has passed, it is also the golden stage of maturity and great achievements in life. Encourage friends to cherish this wonderful time, be optimistic and make unremitting efforts, and never be depressed and laugh at yourself.
Su Shi's To Liu Jingwen was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), and Su Shi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou. "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" says that this poem sings about the scenery in early winter, "The song is wonderful." Although this poem is written for, it is about the scenery in late autumn, and there is no mention of Liu's moral articles. This does not seem to be the proper meaning in the title, but in fact, the author's genius lies in praising Liu's character and moral integrity. Into the description of the early winter scenery without trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery in a year is the orange-green early winter scenery. Citrus, like pine and cypress, can best represent people's noble character and loyal moral integrity.
When the ancients wrote about autumn scenery, the weather was mostly gloomy and permeated with the feeling of sad autumn. But there is an abnormal situation here, which writes a rich scene of late autumn, reveals vitality and gives people a feeling of high spirits. Therefore, Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, compared Han Yu's poem "It is the benefit of early spring and spring, which is better than the misty willow in the imperial capital" and said that "the two poems are quite similar but different, and the songs are wonderful" ("Tiaoxi Fishing and Hidden Conghua").
Lotus and chrysanthemum are the objects of chanting by poets of past dynasties, which often leave a good impression on people, but why does this poem describe the images of lotus and chrysanthemum in a highly general way from the beginning, showing a picture of late autumn? This is entirely to emphasize and highlight the best scenes of the year: orange and green. Although orange and orange are neck and neck, in fact, the whole world is paying attention to orange, because orange symbolizes many virtues, so Qu Yuan wrote Ode to Orange and praised it, mainly praising it for its independence, fine color and selflessness, which is superior to Boyi. The conclusion of this poem has this intention. It combines scenery, things and people in one furnace, implicitly praising Liu Jingwen's character and disposition.
Creation background
This poem was written in the early winter of 1090 (five years in Yuan You). At that time, Su Shi was working in Hangzhou, and Liu Ye, who was also the commander-in-chief of Zhejiang and Zhejiang, was in Hangzhou. The two have always been close friends and have a profound friendship. On the one hand, the poet regarded Liu Jingwen as a national scholar and recommended himself by begging for Liu Ji's grandson; On the other hand, encourage this poem.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi, (1037 65438+10.8-165438+August 24, 0),No. Zizhan, He Zhong, a famous Taoist of tin cans, Dongpo Jushi,No. Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (Sichuan Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Ci is an uninhibited school, and Xin Qiji is the representative of the uninhibited school, also known as "Su Xin"; Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu, they are also called "the four great writers of the ages". His works include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, Ancient Wood and Strange Stone Atlas, etc.