This is the birthplace of human ancestors, and there are myths and legends such as Pangu's creation of heaven and earth, the marriage of Fuxi Nuwa, the ancestor of China, The goddess patching the sky, Xuanyuan Huangdi's praying for heaven to break Chiyou, Dayu's harnessing water and so on. At the end of primitive society, Huaichuan civilization, located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin, attracted hundreds of nationalities from all directions and became the center of the birthplace of the Chinese nation.
This is the starting point of the Shang Tang Revolution; It is the frontier base of King Wu's cutting; It is the base camp of Guangxu Zhongxing in the later Han Dynasty. It is the source of "the beginning of the mysterious wind" and the birthplace of Taiji culture with gossip as its soul; It is the root of water conservancy culture and resort culture; It is the root of China's 46 surnames and Japanese three surnames: Sakamoto, Dacang and Harada.
Shennong's place of worship to heaven, the place of tasting herbs, and the remains of Sun Simiao, the king of medicine, show the origin of ancient agriculture and medicine. Many ceramic cultural relics and Dangyangyu ceramic sites have been unearthed, which shows that Huaichuan is the root of developed ceramic culture. Xia Xiaozheng, first issued by Dayu, is the root of China's calendar, which originated from Tai Ji Chuan in Chenjiagou, Eight-level Boxing in Yueshan Temple and Ape Boxing in Jingying Temple, proving that Huaichuan is the root of Chinese martial arts, and it is also the center of Taoism and the holy place of Buddhism.
this is the hometown of many great masters. Countless historical celebrities such as Confucius, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, and Han Yu traveled here, lived in seclusion, or were buried here. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" once lived in seclusion in Baijiayan, Xiuwu, which had a great influence.
Jiaozuo is located in the north bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with a long history of agricultural development and a fine tradition of intensive cultivation. As early as seven or eight thousand years ago, some people planted millet and other food crops here. From the Neolithic cultural sites excavated in Jiaozuo area, there are not only a large number of production tools such as stone shovels, axes, stone sickles and clam knives, but also signs of primitive agricultural production such as wells and houses. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the local agriculture was very developed. The handicraft industry in ancient Jiaozuo was also very developed. Mainly in mining, smelting, pottery making, weaving and arts and crafts. There was a coal mining industry in the Warring States period, and it had a considerable mining scale in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which continued to this day, making Jiaozuo known as the "coal city". From the archaeological excavations, bronze wares were made here in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shanyang became one of the largest smelting bases in China, and in the Song Dynasty, there appeared a group of workshops mainly making weapons and farm tools.
According to historical records, there are 6 historic cities in the city, including 6 in the urban area; There are 335 temples, including more than 7 in urban areas. According to statistics, there are 833 immovable cultural relics in the city, including 6 national key cultural relics protection units, 44 provincial and 492 county-level ones, and 214 immovable cultural relics in urban areas, including 1 national key cultural relics protection unit, 6 provincial and 81 municipal ones. Daoqing Railway, Zemeisheng Mine, Fu Company's office building and money house reflect the history of modern coal city. Jiaozuo Institute of Technology (now Henan Polytechnic University) is the earliest institution of higher learning in Henan Province. The traditional history and culture is still shining in Jiaozuo today, and it has been inherited and developed.
The period of the Yellow Emperor was an era of invention and creation of the Chinese nation, and various industries such as farming, housing, fishing and hunting, clothing making, water storage and pottery making rose. The emperor advocated "science", and rewarded those who made inventions, and assigned him to take charge of the affairs of a certain industry and give full play to his expertise.
Jiaozuo area is the fief of Ning. Ning is a person's name and a tribal leader in Jiaozuo area. The land in this area, and therefore the name of the tribal leader, is called "Ningyi". So far, Xiuwu is called Ning for short, and Yuntai Mountain is called "Ningbei Mountain" because of such a cultural origin.
The name of the Yellow Emperor comes from the development of yellow land and agriculture. At the same time, why was Ning named after Ning? It is related to family blood culture and fertility culture. It is Ning who ended the human social state without family and began to form a family living style with blood relationship, and differentiated, continued and strengthened the offspring with the relationship of parenthood. Created a social organization mode with family as social cell.
Jiaozuo area is called Huaichuan, also called Hanoi. When the Yellow Emperor tribe started its agricultural civilization in Henan and Hedong, the Ning tribe in Hanoi among the three rivers started its family civilization. Hanoi, surrounded by mountains and water, is criss-crossed by rivers and lakes, with rich water, salty soil and dense forests and grass. Ning people in the watery countryside advocate fire; The beginning of family culture needs fire. In the soil, where the fire is fixed, the clay burns out pottery, which gives Ningren the inspiration to make pottery.
The soil quality in Ningdi is suitable for making pottery, as evidenced by the later Dangyangyu making twisted-embryo porcelain and twisted-embryo pottery, as well as the pottery kilns and porcelain kilns everywhere in Jiaozuo in the Song Dynasty. Ning shou made pottery and was good at making pottery. The Yellow Emperor named him "Tao Chen" and people respectfully called him "Zi". This "zi" is the "zi" of Confucius, the meaning of being a teacher, and the meaning of giving and receiving. Later generations worshipped it as a pottery god.
In 1896 (the 22nd year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), Italian Rosati came to China as an acting priest under the banner of investigating the post-war situation between China and Japan, and discovered Jiaozuo, a treasure trove of high-quality anthracite (Jiaozuo anthracite was called "incense burner" by the Queen of England and was chosen for royal use). After Rosati returned to Europe, in March 1897, she organized a British-Italian joint company at No.1 Cannon Street, London, England, and registered it in accordance with English law, and then set up an office in Beijing, with Jameson, the British Consul General in Shanghai, as the general director, to plan to plunder coal resources in Shanxi and Jiaozuo. By exerting pressure and playing with economic means, they forced the Qing government to submit, and made Liu E, the governor of Henan Province, the comprador of British Fu Company, to expand the business of Fu Company in China. On March 27th, 1898, with the approval of Emperor Guangxu, Yamen, the prime minister of the Qing government, signed nine contracts with Fu Company. On July 2th, 192, Fu Company started to build the railway from Sanliwan Wharf at Daokou to Jiaozuo mining area without the formal signing and approval of the Qing government. At the end of that year, the railway regulations of Daokou Town (then Xunxian County, now Daokou Town, hua county) and Zezhou Town (then Zezhou, Shanxi Province, now Jincheng, Shanxi Province) were agreed with the Qing government. The following year, the Qing government allowed Fu Company to build a section from the crossing of Daoze Railway to Qinghua (then Qinghua Town of Hanoi County, now Qinghua Town of Bo 'ai County).
Jiaozuo was the earliest city for supplying tap water in Henan Province. It started in 198. At that time, Yingfu Company used No.1 and No.2 coal mine wells to install pumping facilities, and built a square water tower with brick outside and iron inside on the well platform to pump water to the tower and supply tap water through pipelines.
Jiaozuo was the first city in Henan province to use electric lights and street lamps. It started in 1919, when the British Business Company and its employees had electric lights. Zhongshan East Street (now Xinhua Street) is equipped with more than ten street lamps, which are cow bell type.
the earliest power plant in Henan province was Jiaozuo power plant. Its predecessor was the power plant attached to Jiaozuo Coal Mine of Yingshangfu Company, which was built in the 31st year of Guangxu (AD 195).
The coal miners' strike of Yingshangfu Company in Jiaozuo broke out in p>1925. Its duration, scale and momentum are rare in the history of workers' movement in China. It dealt a heavy blow to the imperialist forces in coke and effectively mobilized and inspired the people of Jiaozuo. It shocked the Central Plains and enjoyed a good reputation in China, and attracted great attention from people from all walks of life and famous leaders of the Communist Party of China. Qu Qiubai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhao Shiyan, Wang Ruofei, etc. commented and praised his writings and conversations successively. On March 13th, 1926, the 11th day when the striking workers in Jiaozuo signed the conditions for their return to work, Mao Zedong published an important article "Analysis of Social Classes in China" in China Youth. In this paper, Mao Zedong enthusiastically compared the strike in Jiaozuo Coal Mine with the strike in Hong Kong seafarers, the strike in Jinghan Railway, the strike in Kailuan Coal Mine, the strike in Shamian, Guangzhou, and the strikes in Shanghai and Hong Kong after the May 3th tragedy, praising them as "particularly capable of fighting" and giving a high evaluation of the anti-imperialist strike in Jiaozuo Coal Mine in 1925.
from then on, the thorough revolutionary spirit of Jiaozuo coal miners' "special ability to fight" has become the wealth of the people of the whole country in revolutionary struggle and socialist construction. Up to now, the spirit of "special ability to fight" has been used by all walks of life, which has led to a series of ideas such as "special ability to endure hardships", "special ability to endure hardships" and "special ability to contribute" and inspired people to forge ahead. The spirit of nationalism, patriotism, collectivism and sacrifice and dedication constitute the deepest and richest connotation of Jiaozuo coal miners' spirit of "special fighting"
Jiaozuo was inhabited by human beings as early as 8, years ago during the clan commune.
The Xia Dynasty belonged to Jizhou, which was called Qinhuaidi.
Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty belong to the mainland of Kyrgyzstan, belonging to Yong, Han and Wen.
the eastern Zhou dynasty is the southern part of Shanxi province.
the warring States period belongs to Wei and Wei.
Qin belongs to Sanchuan County.
the western Han dynasty belongs to Hanoi county, Jizhou.
the eastern Han dynasty belonged to Hanoi county.
the three countries belong to Hanoi county, Jizhou, Wei.
Jin belongs to Hanoi county, Ji county and Xingyang county.
the northern and southern dynasties belonged to Hanoi county and Xingyang county.
the post-Wei dynasty belonged to Hanoi county, Wude county, Jizhou county and Donghengnong county.
sui belongs to Hanoi county, Ji county and Xingyang county.
Tang belonged to Hanoi County, Huai Zhou, Hebei Province, Mengzhou, the envoy of Heyang, Henan County, Henan Province, and Xingyang County, Zhengzhou.
The Five Dynasties belonged to Huaizhou, Mengzhou, Zhengzhou and Kaifeng.
the northern song dynasty belonged to Hanoi county, huaizhou, Hebei west road, Jiyuan county, northwest Beijing road, Fengning military system in Zhengzhou, Jingxi road, and Kaifeng prefecture, capital city.
Yuan belongs to Huaiqing Road, Hebei Road, Mengzhou Road and Bianliang Road, Jiangbei Province, Henan Province.
Ming belongs to Secretary Si Huaiqing Road and Kaifeng House in Hanoi.
Qing belongs to Huaiqing Prefecture of Henan Province.
In p>1913, Hanoi County was changed to Qinyang County. In 1927, the eastern part of Qinyang County was set aside and Boai County was established. Jiaozuo city was established on September 8, 1945. In March 1948, it was changed to Jiaozuo County. On October 15, 1949, it was changed to Jiaozuo mining area and placed under the leadership of Xinxiang Administrative Commissioner's Office of Plain Province. On November 15, 1952, Pingyuan Province was revoked, and Jiaozuo Mining Area was placed under the leadership of Xinxiang Administrative Commissioner's Office of Henan Province. On July 9, 1956, it was changed to Jiaozuo City, which was directly led by Henan Province. On December 1, 1959, Xiuwu and Boai counties were placed under the leadership of Jiaozuo City. On August 15, 196, the establishment of Xiuwu and Boai counties was cancelled and merged into Jiaozuo City; Wen county was abolished and incorporated into Qinyang County. On October 5, 1961, Xiuwu, Bo 'ai and wen county were resumed and were under the leadership of Xinxiang Administrative Commissioner's Office. On January 19, 1974, Jiaozuo was under the dual leadership of Henan Province and Xinxiang District. In March 1982, Jiaozuo was designated as a provincial city. On September 1, 1983, Xiuwu and Boai counties were placed under the leadership of Jiaozuo City. In January 1986, wen county, Wuzhi, Mengxian, Jiyuan and Qinyang were placed under the leadership of Jiaozuo City. In 1988, Jiyuan County was changed to Jiyuan City. In 1989, Qinyang County was changed to Qinyang City. In 1997, Meng County was changed to mengzhou city, and Jiyuan City was directly under the leadership of Henan Province. In 22, Jiaozuo City administered Qinyang City and mengzhou city City, Xiuwu County, Wuzhi County, wen county County and Boai County, and four urban areas, namely, Liberated Area, Shanyang District, zhongzhan district and macun district, with 116 township (town) offices.