Before the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were many Taoist temples in Mount Emei. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it is said that since Samantabhadra appeared here, Buddhism flourished in Mount Emei, while Taoism gradually declined, and some Taoist temples were converted into temples. Throughout Mount Emei, there are many large and small temples, including Baoguo Temple, Fuhu Temple, Leiyin Temple, Chunyang Temple, Shenshui Pavilion, Zhongfeng Temple, Guangfu Temple, Qingyin Pavilion, Niuxin Temple, Bailong Cave, Wannian Temple, Xixin Temple, etc. Xinshuo, Chudian, Huayan Peak, Hongchunping, Xianfeng Temple, Yuxian Temple, Jieyin Hall, Taiziping, Jinding Woyun Temple... And of these, which ones are Taoist temples, which ones are temples, and which Taoist temples have been converted into temples And do you know the ins and outs of the major temples? Brother Se will take stock of them one by one for you. This topic is too long. I am afraid of disturbing the interest of all travel friends, so I will tell it in two parts. Please continue to pay attention. Thanks!
Emperor Kangxi inscribed "Emei Mountain"
The Great Buddha Temple was formerly known as the Great Buddha Temple (also known as the Great Buddha Hall among the people). Its original site was located in the eastern suburbs of Emeishan City. It was founded by Wuwu Guoshi in the Ming Dynasty and lasted 15 years. Built. The temple covers an area of ??more than 300 acres, with multiple main halls and more than 140 Zen rooms. Because the Great Compassion Hall in the temple houses a 12-meter-tall bronze statue of the Thousand-Armed and Thousand-Eyed Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, the Empress Dowager Cisheng, the mother of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, specially gave the temple the name "Big Buddha Temple".
On December 14, 2008, the Emeishan Giant Buddha Temple consecration ceremony and completion ceremony were held, and it was officially opened to the public. The Zen Temple covers an area of ??more than 400 acres, with a construction area of ??56,000 square meters. It is the first gateway to worship Mount Emei and one of the largest ten-direction jungles in Asia. It has become an integrated place for cultivating monks, specializing in cultivation, Buddhist research, and promoting Dharma to benefit living beings. The supreme ashram. Today's Big Buddha Zen Temple has become a Buddhist cultural tourist attraction with the temple as the core, integrating religious worship, tourism, ecological experience, and urban leisure.
Baoguo Temple was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. It was moved here in the early Qing Dynasty and rebuilt in the ninth year of Shunzhi. In the 42nd year of Kangxi (AD 1703), Emperor Kangxi took the meaning of "repaying the country's kindness" from the Buddhist scripture "Four Graces and Four Repayments" and inscribed the plaque "Baoguo Temple" on it. Baoguo Temple has been repaired several times in history, and the temple has been completely preserved. Especially after the founding of New China, the number of repairs and expansions was the largest. In 1993, new bell towers, drum towers, tea gardens, and legal logistics offices were built, making Baoguo Temple more solemn.
Baoguo Temple is about 7 kilometers away from the city. General Feng Yuxiang once inscribed the four characters "Starting Point of Famous Mountain". The original site of Baoguo Temple was on the bank of the Yoga River opposite Fuhu Temple, not far from the current site. It was built during the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty (1573-1619) and was originally named Huizong Hall. At that time, the temple enshrined Samantabhadra Bodhisattva, Guangchengzi, the incarnation of the founder of Taoism, and Lu Tong, a famous figure in the Spring and Autumn Period, which meant that Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism were worshiped together. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1661), it was moved here and rebuilt. After two expansions, it became a grand temple with five levels of palaces, pavilions and pavilions and an elegant layout. The plaque "Baoguo Temple" on the mountain gate of the temple is inscribed by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty and written by minister Wang Fan.
Leiyin Temple is located on the lower slope of Yunu Peak in Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, about two kilometers away from Fuhu Temple. It was built by Taishi Bai Wuxia during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty (1552-1566) and was named "Guanyintang". In the early years of Wanli, it was renamed "Leiyin Temple". In the early Qing Dynasty, it was renamed "Jiejie Temple". It is said that entering the mountain here can help you escape from the worries of the world, and coming out of the mountain can help you escape dangers, so it is called "Jiejie Temple." It was rebuilt in the 10th year of Guangxu (1884) and the temple was renamed "Leiyin Temple".
There is an existing courtyard of Leiyin Temple, which contains the Tianwang Hall, the Main Hall, the Guanyin Hall and other buildings, covering an area of ??about 1,700 square meters. The door plaque "Leiyin Temple" and the couplets are handwritten by Li Daozhao of Leshan.
Leiyin Temple is located on a high hill, facing a dangerous cliff, with lush trees and an elegant environment. There is a Liberation Bridge at the foot of the mountain where the temple is located, spanning the Yoga River.
The Feilai Hall of the Emeishan Temple was originally a place for Taoist activities, and the year of its construction is unknown.
It was rebuilt in the fourth year of Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 993) and named Tianqi Wangxing Temple. It was rebuilt in the second year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1298) and named Dongyue Temple to worship Emperor Dongyue, the God of Mount Tai; the prefect of Jiazhou in the Ming Dynasty Guo Weichen based on the inscriptions recorded in the fourth year of Chunhua in the Song Dynasty and the fourth year of Taiding in the Yuan Dynasty: "No one can study the scriptures of the temple. Chunhua and Chongyou broke the clouds. The gods chose the temple site themselves. When there was a sudden change of wind and thunder overnight, the small hall of the Chi Ming Dynasty stood majestic. "Since the people are free from illness and disease, and the harvest is good," he wrote three big characters "Feilai Palace" in his hand. In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1575), Monk An from Tiantai, Mount Emei, came to live here and began to worship Buddha statues, naming it Feilai Temple. Because this is the place where Buddhism and Taoism are integrated, and miscellaneous gods are worshiped, and incense is flourishing, it was commonly known as the "big temple" in the early Qing Dynasty, and the Feilai Hall of the big temple continues to this day. In November 2012, Taoist clergy officially moved into the Feilai Hall of the temple and reopened it as a venue for Taoist activities. The Taoist temple is officially named Feilai Hall of Emeishan City Temple.
Wannian Temple is located directly opposite the Golden Summit. It is the oldest temple in Mount Emei and is popular all year round. It is about 15 kilometers up from Baoguo Temple at the foot of the mountain and to the end of Shiziling. It is one of the main temples in Mount Emei. The temple was built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was originally called Puxian Temple. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, Zen Master Huitong rebuilt it and renamed it Baishui Temple. In the Song Dynasty, it was renamed Baishui Puxian Temple. In the 29th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1601 AD), Emperor Shenzong congratulated the Queen Mother on her 70th birthday and named it Shengshou Wannian Temple. There is an exotic Buddhist building in the temple imitating the Gena Temple in India, which is unique among the many Chinese temple buildings in Mount Emei. The temple has a quiet environment and a large number of historical inscriptions, the most famous of which is the "First Mountain Stele" handwritten by Mi Fu, a calligrapher of the Song Dynasty.
Emeishan Xixiangchi is one of the national key temples announced by the State Council in 1983. It is located on the Zuantian Slope of Mount Emei at an altitude of 2070 meters, 25 miles upstream from Xianfeng Temple. It was only one pavilion in the Ming Dynasty, known as " "Chuxi Pavilion" was later rebuilt into a nunnery, named Chuxi nunnery. In the 38th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1699), it was rebuilt into a temple by Zen Master Xingneng (named Hongchuan Laoren). In the early years of Qianlong's reign (AD 1736), Monk Yuezheng renovated the roads on Zuantian Slope in front of the temple and Luohan Slope behind the temple. He also renovated the small pool in front of the temple into six directions. A stone elephant was placed by the pool in response to Samantabhadra's teaching of washing the elephant. According to legend, when Samantabhadra Bodhisattva rode an elephant, the white elephant once bathed in the pool, so it was renamed Xixiang Pool, also known as Tianhua Zen Temple. There are currently Maitreya Hall, Mahavira Hall, Guanyin Hall, Sutra Collection Building, Guest House, etc.
Xianfeng Temple is located at the foot of Xianfeng Rock in Mount Emei. It was originally named Ciyan Temple. It is 1,725 ??meters above sea level. Xiao'an; in the early Ming Dynasty, the temple built a Buddhist scripture building dedicated to storing the Tripitaka given by Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty. In the 40th year of Wanli (1612 AD), Zen Master Benjiong expanded it into a large temple, named "Xianfeng Zen Forest"; in the 16th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, It was destroyed by fire in 1643 AD. In the 44th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1779 AD), monks Tai'an and Yusheng rebuilt it again, and the name "Xianfeng Temple" is still in use today.
Hongchunping is located at the foot of Baozhang Peak, 1120 meters above sea level.
During the Jin Dynasty (3rd century AD), Hongchunping was a retreat for the Indian monk Baozhang Zen Master. A temple was built in the Song Dynasty and was called Qianfo Temple. In the early Ming Dynasty (about 1369), the Chushan monks expanded it into a large temple, named Thousand Buddhas Zen Forest or Thousand Buddhas Zen Temple. Chunping, formerly known as "Thousand Buddha Temple", is located at the foot of Tianchi Peak in Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 1,120 meters. It was built by Zen Master Chushan Xingyi, rebuilt by Master Dexin during the Wanli period, and built by Master Fasi Ruifeng for twenty years, and it was named "Thousand Buddhas Temple". There are many Hongchun trees here, so the place name is "Hongchunping", which everyone takes as the name of the temple. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zen Master Eyun expanded the temple. It was burned in fire in the forty-third year of Qianlong's reign (1773), and was restored one after another. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), the monks of the temple rebuilt the main hall with their hearts and minds. In the twenty-seventh year (1938), Daming, Wuding, and Jiwu worked together to repair it. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was renovated several times in 1953 and 1974. Since 1985, Pujin, Zhaoguan and Shengzong of the Supervisory Academy have successively added guest rooms and improved the supporting construction of the temple. In 1983, the State Council declared it one of the key temples in the country.
Fuhu Temple, also known as Shenlong Hall, Fuhu Temple, and Huxi Jingshe, is adjacent to Baoguo Temple. It was a small temple in the Jin Dynasty and was rebuilt by Zen Master Yun'an in the Tang Dynasty. There are Dragon God Hall and Medicine Master Hall next to it. It was the "Shenlong Hall" in the Song Dynasty. It was destroyed in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the 8th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty. It was renamed "Huxi Jingshe". Later, due to the tiger infestation nearby, the monks built a tower to suppress it and changed its name to "Fuhu Temple". Emperor Kangxi once inscribed the "Ligu Garden" for Fuhu Temple; the temple is a typical Chinese Buddhist architectural style, with the mountain gate, Maitreya Hall, Bodhi Hall, Main Hall, Five Hundred Arhat Hall, Royal Book Building and Zen Room on the central axis. , monk's residence, etc.
Qingyin Pavilion is located at the confluence of the black and white rivers at the foot of Niuxin Ridge in Mount Emei. It was named Niuxin Temple in the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, Zen Master Huitong Jiangling changed it to Woyun Temple; during the Ming Dynasty, Guangji Temple The Zen master changed the name of the temple to "Qingyin Pavilion" after taking the word "Qingyin" from the "Zhao Yin Shi" by Zuo Si, a poet of the Jin Dynasty, "Why bother with silk and bamboo, the mountains and rivers have clear sounds".
Historically, the pavilion caught fire three times, and it was rebuilt after 1917. Due to terrain restrictions, Qingyin Pavilion has only one hall, dedicated to the Three Saints of Huayan, with Sakyamuni Buddha in the middle and Manjusri on the left. Bodhisattva, on the right is Samantabhadra Bodhisattva.
In addition, there is the "Jiewang Pavilion" in front of the pavilion. "Emei Jialan Ji" says: "Your Excellency used to have a pavilion to receive the king. Who is the king? He is the first-class guard in front of the emperor, Haiqing Wuge." This means that at that time, Prince Haiqing Wuge was ordered by Emperor Kangxi to pay a visit to Mount Emei. The monks wanted to welcome him. , "Tear down the old pavilion and rebuild a new one, named 'Jiewang Pavilion'".
Ancient Yanfuyuan, also known as Hou Niuxin Temple, is named after Niuxin Ridge, with an altitude of 958 meters. The temple was founded relatively early. It is said that monk Luohan first visited the fragrant forest in the Tang Dynasty, and monk Chengyuan once practiced tranquility in the cave. Master Jiye Sanzang rebuilt it in the Song Dynasty, but the scale was small. The existing temple building was built in the first year of the Republic of China (1911). It is located deep in a dense forest and has a quiet environment. In history, many eminent monks came to this temple to live and study. There is a cave behind the temple, where Sun Simiao, a famous medical scientist in ancient my country, lived in seclusion during the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty (627-649). Sun Simiao collected herbal medicines in the mountains and refined elixirs in caves to find the true prescription. He played a key role in the creation of the famous medical works "Qian Jin Yao Prescription", "Qian Jin Yi Prescription" and "Sun Zhenren Alchemy Classic". The cave ruins still exist.
The architectural layout of Niuxin Temple faces north and south. Once you enter the courtyard, the whole temple consists of the front hall (Maitreya Hall), the main hall (Mainxiong Hall) and the wing room. The main hall has a beam-lifting structure in the center, and the rest is a pierced structure, with a sloping water, a gabled roof, a small green tile roof, a plain platform, a vertical belt-style walkway, a secondary platform, and a height difference of 3.3 between the front and rear. rice.
Shenshui Pavilion, also known as Shengshui Pavilion. It was originally the villa of Wu Yongxian, governor of the Ming Dynasty. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed Shengshui Temple, and during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Shenshui Pavilion. The pavilion is named after a spring. There is an old room with five rafters, flexible layout, appropriate building volume, simple decoration, and rich local color of Mount Emei. It is now basically intact. Outside the Shenshui Pavilion, there is a spring pool, the Shenshui Pool. The spring water in the pool is crystal clear and inexhaustible all year round. Under the scorching sun in midsummer, the air-conditioning hits people's faces. In the middle of winter, the trees in the surrounding mountain temples are already covered in silver. In the ice and snow, this pool is still warm and warm, so it is regarded as a holy spring in the mountains. The sacred pool is backed by a huge stone, which is the "Da'e Stone". On it are the two characters "Fushou" written in cursive by Chen Tuan of the Song Dynasty, the two characters "Da'e" written by Lu Dongbin, one of the Eight Immortals of the Tang Dynasty, and the two characters "Shen Shui" in regular script engraved in the Ming Dynasty.
Guangfo Temple is also known as Ciyun Temple. It is located at the foot of Qianniuxin Ridge, about 200 meters away from Qingyin Pavilion. The temple lies diagonally in Baiyun Gorge, adjacent to Niuxin Ridge, with an altitude of 725 meters. Founded in the Song Dynasty, it was named Niuxinyuan. It was rebuilt during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty and was named Guangfu Temple, also known as Niuxin Temple. In the last years of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1643 AD), the main building decayed and only one wing of the courtyard remained. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zen Master Eyun restored the temple.
In October 1990, Guangfu Temple was returned to the management of the monks, and the Emeishan Buddhist Association restored the hall, Buddha statues, guest houses and monks' quarters. The existing Guanyin Hall, the Main Hall and ancillary buildings are now there. The temple enshrines jade statues of Sakyamuni Buddha and jade statues of Amitabha, Manjushri, Guanyin and Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva. It is the only hall in the mountain composed of jade Buddhas.
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